Suchergebnisse

Barbara Hermes was born on February 10th, 1938 in Cammin Pomerania, Germany. Barbara tells of her life prior to World War Two living on a farm and exploring the Baltic Sea (her father worked at a resort in Dievenow on the coast). She details the horrors her family experienced in 1945 when they evacuated their hometown to flee the advancing Russian forces. She describes surviving an air raid, hiding in ditches to avoid the Russian military, barely making it to safety, reconnecting with her father, and her mother's heroism throughout the terror they experienced. Her family applied for a visa to come to the United States in 1952 through the sponsorship of her father's sister living in America. They came to the United States in 1954.

One of the core dominant events, in the Middle East in 21th century, was Arab Spring revolutions in 2010-2011. These revolutions aimed to achieve democracy and get rid of the dictator regimes in the Arab countries. No doubt that Arab Spring had political social and economic reasonable and significant impacts. This paper will examine various reflections on the Arab revolutions of the Arab Spring (2010-2011) through modern Arab poetry, focusing on four selected poems as cases of study. In addition to the aimed historical reading, this paper attempts to analyse the selected poems focusing literary and poetic methods, as well as language and diction, comparing between them. For diversity, while all the selected poems are modern Arabic poetry, one of the selected poems is the neo-classic Arabic poetry of Ibrāhīm Obaydī, and the three others are free verse poetry from Ahmed Matar, Musʿab al-Mūrādī, and Ahmad Msāʿdih. Methodologically, this study is analytic, comparative and inductive, relying relevant poems of the selected four poets. This paper suggests not only that the Arab Spring played a significant historical role in the Middle East, leading to intensive civil and non-civil armed conflicts, but also, Modern Arab poetry contributes to historical documenting immortalizing the Arab Spring revolutions including their aims and motivations, as well as their social political and cultural impacts.

Kajian ini akan mengelaborasi pemikiran seorang tokoh Turki, Bediuzzaman Said Nursi (1877-1960) yang masih relevan dalam membaca penyakit sosial manusia modern yang kian menggejala di era revolusi industri abad ini. Kajian ini akan memaparkan solusi-solusi atas problem kemanusiaan tersebut yang menghinggapi manusia dewasa ini. Pokok permasalahan dan pelbagai penyakit manusia modern yang utama dan mendasar adalah berkembangnya rasa putus asa, matinya kejujuran (kebenaran) dalam kehidupan sosial dan politik, merebaknya permusuhan dan kebencian antar sesama, despotisme serta tingginya rasa egoisme dan individualisme manusia saat ini. Karena itulah dalam konsep Said Nursi, berbagai problem kemanusiaan ini dapat diatasi dengan penguatan sisi-sisi spiritualitas manusia. Menurut Nursi, solusi yang tepat untuk menghadapi berbagai permasalahan di balik kemajuan era revolusi industri sekarang ini adalah dengan mengimplementasikan nilai-nilai alquran di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Dengan pemahaman agama yang moderat (wasathiyyah) serta nilai-nilai spiritualitas yang tinggi, umat Islam dapat menyongsong kemajuan di era revolusi industri 4.0 ini dengan bijak serta turut berperan aktif dalam memajukan peradaban manusia.

Purpose of the study: This paper analyses the prominent movements that have been significantly influenced by Foucauldian conceptions particularly power relations and knowledge. This paper focuses on two critical movements namely Historical movement and Cultural materialism movement. Methodology: This is a review paper and largely based on secondary data analysis. Foucault's ideas influenced some movements such as New Historicism and Cultural Materialism. I will discuss how Foucault was inspired and influenced by some thinkers like Nietzsche. So, the present appears to be the issue to be studied historically. This point of view led to the rise of some movements, which are focusing on present issues and problems. Main Findings: The current study shows firstly that the German philosopher Michel Foucault has a great influence on many literary movements particular the new one such as Cultural materialism and new Historicism and so on. Secondly, it appears Foucault's inspiration by some thinkers and philosophers like Louis Althusser, Nietzsche, and Machiavelli. Applications of this study: Foucault has an impact on the other movements and thinkers in which many types of research in contemporary age deal with issues that Foucault involves in his works, such as social, political and economic issues. One of the materials that Foucault focusing it, the significance of past and relate to the present. Novelty/Originality of this study: The reader can feel the obvious influence of Michel's writings through a variety of features of Althusser and Nietzsche particularly Foucault regarded Nietzsche's idea as the departure point for his power theory.

Celebrating the five hundred years of reformation, there is the need to reengage the missionary character of the reformation and its significant impact on African Christianity because African Christianity at the moment appears to house the reformational ideals of the Christian faith. In particular, the paper engages the significant movement of African Christianity from the margins of the reformation to the center of global Christianity, and the attending missionary and cultural politics which invigorate this important missionary enterprise. Similarly, the paper describes the missionary quest of the reformers to contextualize Christianity within the different cultural domains, and the importance of this missiological endeavour for modern African Christianity. Consequently, the study underscores emerging salient patterns in the praxis and expressions of African Christianity, which resonate with the specific trends and trajectories of the reformation, and its indebtedness to this important heritage.

The article gives an overview of the development of the Gymnasium education in Banat, in the interval 1867-1914. The Gymnasium in the abovementioned period was one of the most important institutions, which – besides the education – played a crucial role in the formation of the middle-class. The article begins with the detailed analysis of the following: legal political framework of theGymnasiums, the system of Gymnasiums in Banat, the schools, the teachers, the students, the curriculum, political life in the schools, student movements and offschool activities, charity societies in the schools.