Suchergebnisse

Este trabalho tem por objetivo relacionar aspectos da pesquisa no âmbito da pós-graduação em Planejamento Urbano e Regional com o processo de aprendizado em "Antropologia Visual e da Imagem", disciplina cursada junto ao PPGAS/UFRGS no segundo semestre do ano próximo passado. Neste sentido, o campo da imagem é explorado como forma de pensar e projetar o território urbano (aqui trazido como área de formação, atuação e interesse do pesquisador), em especial por sua capacidade narrativa e de interpretação do imaginário social. A escolha metodológica deriva entre os aspectos da leitura e decifração do imaginário social (a partir da visão de Walter Benjamin), das estratégias projetuais evidenciadas no pensamento por cenários e, ainda, pela análise e interpretação de imagens no âmbito da antropologia visual; em todos os casos com foco nas analogias e/ou complementaridades da capacidade hermenêutica das imagens em cada um dos campos de conhecimento.Palavras – chave: Imagem dialética. Cenários. Imagem. Montagem. Narrativas.Search dialogues with studies in visual anthropology and imageAbstractThis work aims to relate aspects of research within the post graduation in Urban and Regional Planning with the learning process in "Visual and Imagetic Anthropology" course taken within the PPGAS / UFRGS in the second half of last year. In this sense, the image field is explored as a way of thinking and designing the urban territory (brought here as an undergraduation, performance and research field of interest), in particular by the narrative and interpretation ability of the social imaginary. The methodological choice derives from the aspects of reading and deciphering the social imaginary (from a Walter Benjamin's view), the projective strategies evidenced from the thinking through scenarios and also for the analysis and interpretation of images in the context of visual anthropology; in all cases focusing on analogies and / or complementarities of hermeneutics capacity of images in each of these fields of knowledge.Key words: Dialectical image. Scenarios. Image. Montages. Narratives.

This paper discusses the means by which work is normalised, some of the manifestations of its normalisation, and the possibilities for the denormalisation of work provided by the renewal of 'political' economy. It suggests that normality is not a static, fixed status which attaches itself permanently to a given social practice or phenomenon, but is subject to a process, constantly in movement and in need of reinforcement. This process is what we might call 'normalisation'. Normality is attained by means of normalisation not only in policy or popular ideology, but moreover in academic representations of the world. Academic representations do not simply reflect an external social reality, but are part of it. This paper asks what is left out in economic accounts of work, and what is missing when stock is taken only of numbers. It is suggested that political economy politicises that which the economic reason of pure economics, which has superseded it hegemonically, obfuscates. Work is central among those social phenomena that economics helps reduce to abstract, quantitative residues of what are in fact more complex networks of social relations, disciplining procedures, and modes of resistance. This paper suggests that the 'normality' that work possesses in capitalist society can be challenged by making these qualitative aspects 'public', making apparent the essential uncertainty underlying work in the context of a society moving away from it, and exposing the irreconcilable demands and desires on which its unsteady normality teeters, confronting the smooth quantitative space of economics with that which it fears most: difference, heterogeneity, incommensurability. By making these aspects public, they are rendered political and thus subject to critique. The critique and repoliticising of work opens up the opportunity of its ideological contestation and, ultimately, the possibility of its overcoming.

Many questions arise about the topic of local development and the resources that it achieves to link to (infrastructure, natural resources, human capital, government, research and training institutions, business, cooperatives, etc.), in order to become an effective agent of transformation that enhances overall economic, cultural, political, social, and environmental issues.The aim of this paper is to discuss how the evolution of the concept development has widen its scope and become,among others, local development, the implications of the latter and the resources needed to implement it, deepening the aspect of cooperatives as one of the essential resources.This element has great importance, in a worldwide levelthere is a vast experience in this aspect. In our country, steps are being taken to diversify and expand this form of management as part of the guidelines for economic and social policy. ; Múltiples interrogantes surgen ante el tema del desarrollo local y los recursos que este logra conectar (infraestructura, recursos naturales, capital humano, instituciones de gobierno, de investigación, de formación, sector empresarial, sector cooperativo, etc.) con el fin de constituirse en agente efectivo de trasformación que potencie de conjunto lo económico, lo cultural, lo político, lo social y lo ambiental.El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en discutir cómo la evolución del concepto de desarrollo ha llegado hasta la propuesta del desarrollo local, las implicaciones de este y los recursos necesarios para ponerlo en marcha, profundizando en el aspecto de las cooperativas como uno de los recursos esenciales. Este elemento reviste gran importancia en tanto a nivel mundial se aprecia una vasta experiencia en este aspecto, al tiempo que en nuestro país se están dando pasos para diversificar y ampliar esta forma de gestión como parte de los lineamientos para la política económica y social.

The paper looks at the urgent problems of the Russian higher vocational school from a philosophical and social viewpoint, and maintains that its current situation and prospects should be analyzed in the context of complicated social processes and socio-economic reorganizations undertaken at the turn of the 20th – 21st centuries. Facing the cultural crisis, the Russian society requires new cultural, political, economic and social ways out. The research shows that a considerable decline in the specialists' competence level results from the low education quality requirements and decreasing social status of vocational education. The authors emphasize the culture study aspects of professional activity and regard them as the basis for vocational training quality assurance and professional competence acquisition. In authors' opinion, the aspect of culture studies remains the most important in the process of liberalization and humanization of vocational education, since the modern culture is an effective instrument of world perfection as well as students' self-development and self-understanding. ; В статье с философской и социальной точек зрения анализируются требующие незамедлительного решения проблемы отечественной высшей профессиональной школы. Показано, что ее положение и перспективы дальнейшего развития нельзя рассматривать в отрыве от сложных, болезненных процессов, протекающих в обществе, и без учета кардинальных социально-экономических преобразований, происшедших в конце XX – начале XXI в. Современное российское общество, находящееся в ситуации культурного кризиса, столкнулось с необходимостью поиска новых направлений развития в культурном, политическом, экономическом и социальном контекстах. Кризис компетентности специалистов явился следствием снижения требований к их образованности и ослабления роли профессионального образования как феномена культуры. Усиление культурологического аспекта профессиональной деятельности становится условием становления ее носителей, осознающих общественную значимость своей профессии, и актуализирует проблему качественной профессиональной подготовки, результатом которой должна стать сформированная компетентность. Авторами статьи доказывается, что культурологический аспект – один из важнейших в реализации проектов гуманизации и гуманитаризации профессионального образования, поскольку современная культура выступает, с одной стороны, эффективным фактором созидания и совершенствования мира, а с другой – инструментом самопознания и самоизменения человека.

This paper discusses the means by which work is normalised, some of the manifestations of its normalisation, and the possibilities for the denormalisation of work provided by the renewal of 'political' economy. It suggests that normality is not a static, fixed status which attaches itself permanently to a given social practice or phenomenon, but is subject to a process, constantly in movement and in need of reinforcement. This process is what we might call 'normalisation'. Normality is attained by means of normalisation not only in policy or popular ideology, but moreover in academic representations of the world. Academic representations do not simply reflect an external social reality, but are part of it. This paper asks what is left out in economic accounts of work, and what is missing when stock is taken only of numbers. It is suggested that political economy politicises that which the economic reason of pure economics, which has superseded it hegemonically, obfuscates. Work is central among those social phenomena that economics helps reduce to abstract, quantitative residues of what are in fact more complex networks of social relations, disciplining procedures, and modes of resistance. This paper suggests that the 'normality' that work possesses in capitalist society can be challenged by making these qualitative aspects 'public', making apparent the essential uncertainty underlying work in the context of a society moving away from it, and exposing the irreconcilable demands and desires on which its unsteady normality teeters, confronting the smooth quantitative space of economics with that which it fears most: difference, heterogeneity, incommensurability. By making these aspects public, they are rendered political and thus subject to critique. The critique and repoliticising of work opens up the opportunity of its ideological contestation and, ultimately, the possibility of its overcoming.

Статья посвящена анализу особенностей гражданского участия в условиях становления и развития сетевого общества. Авторы анализируют отличительные характеристики сетевого общества с позиций концепции общества сетей М. Кастельса. Особенности социальных коммуникаций и гражданского участия определяются в контексте перехода от сервисов web 2.0. к сервисам нового поколения web 3.0. Непосредственным объектом исследования выступает деятельность российского движения «СтопХам». Авторы приходят к выводам о том, что, с одной стороны, технологии «новых медиа» способствуют увеличению масштаба информационного вовлечения в публичную повестку гражданских и политических движений. С другой стороны, сетевая публичность в Интернет способна ограничивать развитие гражданский инициатив через размывание, гибридизацию и политизацию их изначальной узкой проблемной повестки. Недостаточная ценностная база акций прямого действия в подобных условиях формируют зависимость гражданских инициатив от сетевой публичности, усиливая негативное влияние групповых дискурсов дискриминации и конфликтов, распространенных в обществе. ; The article is focused on special aspects of civil participation in politics under new conditions of network society. Authors apply the theory of M. Castells of society of networks for exploration of the important aspects of network society. Web 2.0 and 3.0 architecture gives analytical perspective for analysis of social communication and civil participation. Civil initiatives and actions of the Russian social movement «StopHam» combine the target of research. Authors arrive at the conclusion that, on the one hand, technology of the «new media» facilitates the scale shift of audience of the social movement public agenda. On the other hand, networked publicity in the Internet makes constrains for civil initiatives with the processes of blurring, hybridization, and politization of the original claims. Insufficient value and cultural background of the repertoire of direct actions provide dependency of the civil initiatives from networked publicity. This factor increases the influence of the social group popular discourses of discrimination and contention.

In recent years, especially since the outbreak of the global economic and financial crisis, various social sectors have highlighted the lack of legitimacy of the institutions of political representation, claiming that their decisions do not serve the interests of citizens; questioning has been made visible through unprecedented social mobilization. An interesting aspect of the recent collective actions of citizens is the exponential increase Legislative Initiative to try to assert their rights and interests in the legislative field. However, the realization of this right has faced barriers normative and political will. This paper provides an overview of the institutional performance of the Legislative Initiative in Spain, including the legal and procedural aspects of the institution and its practical impact; in order to identify their constraints and making lege ferenda proposals to optimize the right to political participation recognized in the Constitution. ; En los últimos años, especialmente a partir del estallido de la crisis económica y financiera global, diversos sectores sociales han puesto de manifiesto la falta de legitimidad de las instituciones de representación política, alegando que sus decisiones no responden a los intereses de los ciudadanos; cuestionamiento que se ha visibilizado gracias a movilizaciones sociales sin precedentes. Un aspecto interesante de las recientes acciones colectivas de los exponencial del recurso a los mecanismos institucionales como Iniciativa Legislativa Popular para intentar hacer valer sus derechos e intereses en el ámbito legislativo. Sin embargo, la efectividad de este derecho se ha enfrentado a barreras de carácter normativo y de voluntad política. Este trabajo ofrece una visión general del rendimiento institucional de la Iniciativa Legislativa Popular en España, incluyendo los aspectos normativos y procedimentales de la institución, así como su incidencia práctica; con el fin de identificar sus limitaciones y hacer propuestas de lege ferenda que optimicen el derecho de participación política reconocido en la Constitución.

The idea behind this paper is to counter traditional thinking on economic and social development that considers development as dependent byproduct of macroeconomic policies led by governments, or as a sole byproduct of entrepreneurial dynamics on the micro level. The idea we are defending here is that the "Community"44 as defined by German sociologist Ferdinand Tönnies, (a tighter and more cohesive social entity) is a context where the "social" and "economic" are less separated and where the spatial dimension becomes more significant. This context could be an adequate analytical framework and a tool for regional development in the context of a developing country like Lebanon. In this context several questions arise: Could the concept of "community" be considered as an appropriate analytical framework of socioeconomic dynamics in the context of developing countries and how? What tools, does a community approach provide for regional development in Lebanon? What role do the existing tangible and intangible resources in the community play in the development process? In order to find answers to these questions, we shall employ the wine industry in the Bekaa Valley in Lebanon as a case study. After a brief background, we shall attempt, in the first section of this paper to present the socio-economic developmental situation in the Bekaa Valley. In particular, we shall focus on the agricultural sector, and examine the failure of both private and public sectors in developing this sector, and analyze the repercussions thereof. In the second section, we shall demonstrate how the wine industry not only grew, in spite of this failure, but in fact outpaced most other local agricultural activities and industries as well. Section three will examine the "community organization" surrounding the vine tree and the wine industry in the Bekaa Valley. This aspect goes beyond the economic factor, as important as this factor is in organizing the sector's activities, to touch upon social, geographical, cultural and historical aspects too.

В статье с философской и социальной точек зрения анализируются требующие незамедлительного решения проблемы отечественной высшей профессиональной школы. Показано, что ее положение и перспективы дальнейшего развития нельзя рассматривать в отрыве от сложных, болезненных процессов, протекающих в обществе, и без учета кардинальных социально-экономических преобразований, происшедших в конце XX начале XXI в. Современное российское общество, находящееся в ситуации культурного кризиса, столкнулось с необходимостью поиска новых направлений развития в культурном, политическом, экономическом и социальном контекстах. Кризис компетентности специалистов явился следствием снижения требований к их образованности и ослабления роли профессионального образования как феномена культуры. Усиление культурологического аспекта профессиональной деятельности становится условием становления ее носителей, осознающих общественную значимость своей профессии, и актуализирует проблему качественной профессиональной подготовки, результатом которой должна стать сформированная компетентность. Авторами статьи доказывается, что культурологический аспект -один из важнейших в реализации проектов гуманизации и гуманитаризации профессионального образования, поскольку современная культура выступает, с одной стороны, эффективным фактором созидания и совер шенствования мира, а с другой инструментом самопознания и самоизменения человека. ; The paper looks at the urgent problems of the Russian higher vocational school from a philosophical and social viewpoint, and maintains that its current situation and prospects should be analyzed in the context of complicated social processes and socio-economic reorganizations undertaken at the turn of the 20th 21st centuries. Facing the cultural crisis, the Russian society requires new cultural, political, economic and social ways out. The research shows that a considerable decline in the specialists' competence level results from the low education quality requirements and decreasing social status of vocational education. The authors emphasize the culture study aspects of professional activity and regard them as the basis for vocational training quality assurance and professional competence acquisition. In authors' opinion, the aspect of culture studies remains the most important in the process of liberalization and humanization of vocational education, since the modern culture is an effective instrument of world perfection as well as students' self-development and self-understanding.

El estudio de las estructuras de significación y la conformación de hegemonías desempeñan un papel protagónico para las teorías post-estructuralistas de la política. En el presente escrito abordo una serie de aspectos ontológicos de dichas teorías a partir de la reflexión de las condiciones de emergencia de los sistemas de significación, el modo en que estos sistemas son construidos y la manera en que los mismos constituyen al campo de lo social y a los sujetos que se posicionan en él. De este modo, me motiva el objetivo de analizar una serie de categorías que considero centrales para cualquier investigación post-estructuralista, a saber: discurso, performatividad y sujeto. En pocas palabras, el presente escrito tiene la doble finalidad de indagar en aspectos ontológicos que fundan a las teorías en cuestión, a la vez que comenzar a desarrollar un marco conceptual desde el cual abordar las condiciones de emergencia de las estructuras discursivas que conforman y dan sentido a los sujetos y a lo social. ; The study of the structures of meaning and the formation of hegemonies play a leading role in post-structuralist theories of politics. In the present paper addresses a series of ontological aspects of these theories from the reflection of the conditions of emergence of systems of meaning, the way these systems are built and how they constitute the social field and the subjects are positioned in it. Thus, motivates me to analyze some of the main epistemological categories that I consider central to any post-structuralist research, namely, discourse, performativity and subject. In short, this paper has two purposes: to investigate ontological aspects that underlie the theories in question, while beginning to develop a conceptual framework from which to address the emergency conditions of the discursive structures that shape and give meaning and social subjects.

The present paper describes the background of the policy development of multicultural education in the Visegrad countries (Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovak Republic). Since 1990s, due to the steady democratization processes of these societies, the social diversity has been reemerged again in this region, gaining special significance at the time of the EU joining and integration. It is stated that changes in society are undoubtedly linked with changes in education. The purpose of this article is to present a context in which the multicultural education has become a domain of the public policies in the V4 with special attention paid to the needs of contemporary societies which are becoming more and more diversified due to the arrival of economic migrants. The author strives to answer the question: should multicultural aspects remain only a theoretical approach to the education or should they be within the domain of the public social cohesion policy ; The present paper describes the background of the policy development of multicultural education in the Visegrad countries (Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovak Republic). Since 1990s, due to the steady democratization processes of these societies, the social diversity has been reemerged again in this region, gaining special significance at the time of the EU joining and integration. It is stated that changes in society are undoubtedly linked with changes in education. The purpose of this article is to present a context in which the multicultural education has become a domain of the public policies in the V4 with special attention paid to the needs of contemporary societies which are becoming more and more diversified due to the arrival of economic migrants. The author strives to answer the question: should multicultural aspects remain only a theoretical approach to the education or should they be within the domain of the public social cohesion policy

В статье с философской и социальной точек зрения анализируются требующие незамедлительного решения проблемы отечественной высшей профессиональной школы. Показано, что ее положение и перспективы дальнейшего развития нельзя рассматривать в отрыве от сложных, болезненных процессов, протекающих в обществе, и без учета кардинальных социально-экономических преобразований, происшедших в конце XX начале XXI в. Современное российское общество, находящееся в ситуации культурного кризиса, столкнулось с необходимостью поиска новых направлений развития в культурном, политическом, экономическом и социальном контекстах. Кризис компетентности специалистов явился следствием снижения требований к их образованности и ослабления роли профессионального образования как феномена культуры. Усиление культурологического аспекта профессиональной деятельности становится условием становления ее носителей, осознающих общественную значимость своей профессии, и актуализирует проблему качественной профессиональной подготовки, результатом которой должна стать сформированная компетентность. Авторами статьи доказывается, что культурологический аспект -один из важнейших в реализации проектов гуманизации и гуманитаризации профессионального образования, поскольку современная культура выступает, с одной стороны, эффективным фактором созидания и совер шенствования мира, а с другой инструментом самопознания и самоизменения человека. ; The paper looks at the urgent problems of the Russian higher vocational school from a philosophical and social viewpoint, and maintains that its current situation and prospects should be analyzed in the context of complicated social processes and socio-economic reorganizations undertaken at the turn of the 20th 21st centuries. Facing the cultural crisis, the Russian society requires new cultural, political, economic and social ways out. The research shows that a considerable decline in the specialists' competence level results from the low education quality requirements and decreasing social status of vocational education. The authors emphasize the culture study aspects of professional activity and regard them as the basis for vocational training quality assurance and professional competence acquisition. In authors' opinion, the aspect of culture studies remains the most important in the process of liberalization and humanization of vocational education, since the modern culture is an effective instrument of world perfection as well as students' self-development and self-understanding.

En este artículo se presenta una reflexión conceptual referida a la noción de territorio, el espacio y sus procesos de apropiación en los sectores populares, con el propósito de contribuir a la construcción de herramientas analíticas útiles para los diversos estudios territoriales contemporáneos en América Latina. Principalmente, en esta dirección, se recupera una noción de territorio que captura la riqueza de las múltiples dimensiones que lo (re) configuran. Es decir, la articulación entre la trama de relaciones sociales, políticas y económicas que se despliegan, constituyen y reelaboran en un espacio particular, temporalmente situado. A partir de allí, se profundizan los vínculos existentes entre el espacio percibido, concebido y vivido buscando revelar la trascendencia que esa dinámica trialéctica asume en el despliegue de la vida cotidiana de los sectores populares. Dado que constituye el contexto de sentido donde los sujetos (re)construyen la subjetividad social, la aprehensión identitaria y el apego al lugar. ; This article shows a reflection relating to the concept of territory, space and its appropriation processes in popular areas. The purpose of this is to contribute to the construction of useful analytical tools for various contemporary territorial studies in Latin America. In this respect, a concept of territory with all its numerous aspects is picked up. In other words, the articulation between the theme of social, political and economic relations that are displayed, constituted and remade in a certain time and space. From there, the existing links between the perceived, conceived and lived space go in depth, trying to show the importance that the dynamics of these three aspects has in everyday life of popular areas. This constitutes the context where individuals (re)build social subjectivity, identity apprehension and closeness to the place. ; Fil: Vila, Mariana Paola. Universidad Nacional de La Plata ; Fil: Ursino, Sandra Valeria. Universidad Nacional de La Plata

"A computer-assisted content analysis (Bolasco 2000) of seven textbooks currently used for history teaching in Italian high schools was carried out to examine to what extent past atrocities perpetrated during Italy's African colonial wars are acknowledged and taught. More specifically, the authors investigated the relative importance these texts devote to teaching established historical facts or to achieve socio-psychological aims, such as advancing reconciliation processes and protecting the in-group's social identity. Social psychologists working in the field of intergroup reconciliation usually consider these two aims as partially competing. The models reviewed by Nadler et al. (2008a) all consider the need to protect personal social identity as a source of biases, which the search for historical truth has to accommodate. In contrast, a recent work by Pratto and Glasford (2008) stresses that social identity can play a positive role as a powerful motivation for reconciliation. They suggest that acknowledging historical faults may assist the difficult process of finding a balance between the need for self-esteem and self-integrity and the need to belong. Their results seem to confirm certain aspects of the first group of models, and other aspects of Pratto and Glasford's review. The crucial point seems to be the use of abstract or concrete terms to describe in-group wrongdoings. Strikingly, more than seventy years after the Italian colonial wars only three textbooks out of seven fully describe atrocities perpetrated by the in-group using clear, concrete terminology; this is consistent with the idea of a tension between reconciliation and justice. On the other hand, the more concrete descriptions, although less frequent, seem better able to protect the in-group's self-integrity by showing their young readers a clearer acceptance of moral responsibility for the historical faults of their group." (author's abstract)

Ataturk, who comprehended the administration and music relationship very well within the political period of community administrations in the history of the world in terms of politics, society and social psychology, knew the importance of that Turkish Republic was able to take place in the international area with respect to social, political, cultural, scientific and artistic points and that its relationship with modern basic music education required to be given to Turkish society. In addition, he started many studies related to basic music education with the establishment of the Republic. Today, the period related to the participation in the European Union continues currently. Many obstacles have being faced in terms of political, economical, legal, social and cultural aspects within the period of participation in the European Union. One of the most important elements for the cultural aspect is music. With respect to this subject, Turkish Republic has to determine governmental policies for the integration of Turkish music education, culture, art, and industry with modern world throughout the EU period. In order to perform the basic music education concerning the modernization of social music culture, it is required that basically certain factors coexist as they have modern characteristics. These can be classified as in the following3A Music lessons in the curriculums of formal education institutions, Music Teachers, Music curriculums, Music education environment, Musical artists, Music education resources, Contributions of musical industry, and Effects and contributions of mass media. With this study to be made, elementary education music curriculum of the year 2006 which is the curriculum still being applied in general music education will be tried to be analyzed in terms of music curriculum development based on literature review and view through application within the framework of effects and contributions throughout the period of participation in EU.