International audience ; Le présent article invite à concevoir la notion de « personne » dans la formation d'identités culturelles, au sein de communautés s'exprimant dans les divers espaces culturels que sont les « scènes musicales », dans leurs rapports aux politiques publiques de gestion de l'identité selon des contextes nationaux particuliers. La « scène », comme terrain d'analyse, rend compte d'un côté de l'objet musical dans une perspective interactionniste à travers l'ensemble des activités qui le compose et, de l'autre, des activités culturelles urbaines ayant une influence directe sur la formation sociale et institutionnelle des villes. Et parce que ces « scènes culturelles » représentent de véritables espaces publics, ces communautés sont perçues comme autant de mouvements culturels qui reconsidèrent les acteurs et les visées des interventions étatiques, révélant dès lors des rapports de force dans les définitions identitaires
Iranian sociology first drew inspiration from French sociology, but although French influence is still felt, the influence of the American school is increasing. While sociology was founded in the 19th century in Europe & subsequently in the US, this branch of social science has only recently developed in Iran. Sociology has gradually become more professional, especially since 1957 (when Tehran U instituted a degree in social science) to meet the needs of a changing society. The number of sociology students has steadily increased over the past few years. At present, there are 163 U's & institutions of higher education in Iran, the great majority of which offer courses in sociology, either as a basic or as a secondary subject, in relation to such fields as medicine, agriculture, town planning, public administration, commerce, etc. In June 1975, 32,128 students elected to specialize in the social sciences, representing 23.7% of the total N of Iranian U students. This proportion increased from 20.3% for the 1969/70 academic year. The progress of field research is accounted for by the interest recently shown therein by planners & decision-makers. The state has been both the chief financial backer & the chief customer for research. Iran needs a sociology firmly rooted in its own culture, to enable Iranian society to gain a full understanding of its own essential character. The application of sociological research methods imported from the West gives rise, in many respects, to problems of basic importance & leaves much to be desired. 1 Table. Modified AA.
Abstract Background: Complexity received increasing attention from researchers in integration and evaluation studies. Complex adaptive systems (CAS) are the most prominent formulation of complexity used in programme evaluations. However, there remain significant theoretical and conceptual barriers to using complexity as an explanatory model in social sciences, and thus in applying it successfully in integration and evaluation studies. Method: Discussion paper outlining the potential uses and risks of complexity theory for studying integration programmes in health and social care and programme evaluations in general. The paper proceeds by synthesising the work of various critics and proponents of complexity theory in the social sciences and evaluation theory. Results: Complexity offers opportunities and risks to social scientists working in programme evaluations and integration studies. The opportunities are defined by additional modelling and verification/falsification of possible cause and effect links in programme settings. The risks, on the other hand, are twofold. Social scientists may use complexity as a shorthand for as yet insufficient understanding of the contexts under examination, or they mistake it for an explanatory device without testing its potential to explain. The second risk emerges as a result of the nature of complexity and its role in natural sciences. Assigning complexity an explanatory role may prevent further investigation of a given setting that may reveal that complexity is insufficient to understand what is going on. Implications for practice: Researchers should make clear how they have operationalised and measured the various features of the complexity model to allow robust verification of the evidence. Scholars should also assume that complexity as defined by the natural sciences is philosophically and epistemologically problematic when transferred into the realm of social sciences that largely operate with concepts informed by the paradigm of understanding social behaviour.
<div><p><em>Women in India are approximately about out half of the population, they have been the weakest of the weaker sections which have been the most exploited in every field and in all sectors .Women in have been the most abused and have been undergone a various types of hardships in their everyday life. Even though the government of India have been implemented some of policies implemented as their social security not many of them have come to reality. The women domestic workers in India are the unorganized group who strived to make their living without any life security and are in the vital situations in their social life. Over the last few years, studies on domestic life security in India have noted the increase in the numbers of migrant female domestic workers in the cities. They have also observed that domestic work is highly informal in its organization and tinted the vulnerabilities of domestic workers who belong to the poorer and uneducated sections of society. These studies also note that women from <strong>marginalized castes</strong> form a substantive group of domestic workers (Kaur 2006; Neetha 2004 and 2008). Domestic workers form a significant part of this informal economy which is unorganised. Despite the fact, domestic workers, constitute a crushing 90% of this unorganized labor force in India, they have always been <strong>marginalized</strong> as the unorganised sector. Whether they work part time, full day or as live in workers, they are forced to put up with various indignities, in the privacy of the households they work in. This part of my paper constitutes the study of Domestic workers in the Bangalore city is significant aspect due to its urban development process and women domestic have found to be the most wanted. Domestic workers, an estimated <strong>4 lakhs</strong> in <strong>Bangalore City</strong> work under illogical rules, are largely unskilled and illiterate. For years, women have been doing the drudgery of washing, cleaning, cooking and all menial tasks in other households for their own survival. Long hours of work, years of toil often with no living wage, no rest or recreation, sexual harassment, abuse of their dignity, untouchability, often treated callously are the story of their lives. The conditions of lakhs of child women domestic workers, the 24 hours live in workers, are even more exploitative and obnoxious. There have been many cases of rape and murder, horror tales of children being beaten, locked in bathrooms, bitten and burnt by employers. In my paper I have highlight some of the vital incidents where women have been facing and also the government policies and programmes and polices in the women empowerment in the social sector.</em></p></div>
This paper analyzes the development of political science in Argentina taking into account the social, political, cultural and economic processes in which the discipline developed during the twentieth century. Analytically, this paper emphasizes actors, scientific-academic products, teaching and research institutions, and networks. The process of institutionalization and professionalization initiated in the eighties is studied based on the conformation of disciplinary areas, including: State, administration and public policy; institutions, political processes and comparative politics, and international relations. ; Este trabajo analiza el desarrollo de la ciencia política en Argentina, teniendo en cuenta los procesos sociales, políticos, culturales y económicos en los que se desenvuelve la disciplina durante el siglo XX. Analíticamente, se da énfasis en los actores, los productos de la actividad científico-académica, las instituciones de docencia e investigación y las redes. El proceso de institucionalización y profesionalización iniciado en los años ochenta, se estudia sobre la base de la conformación de las áreas disciplinarias, entre ellas: la política del Estado, la administración y el público, las instituciones, los procesos políticos y de política comparada, y relaciones internacionales.
The Oxford Handbook of Digital Technology and Society will equip readers with the necessary starting points and provocations in the fields of social science and technology so that students, scholars, and policy makers can effectively assess future research, practice, and policy.
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Through entirely new interviews, Organizing for Power and Empowerment: The Fight for Democracy features the voices and experiences of more than forty organizers, telling the stories of twenty geographically and racially diverse progressive organizations. The authors highlight how organizations use innovative new strategies, like targeting corporate expansion, operating at statewide levels, building new structures for electoral action, and establishing community-labor coalitions to win on such critical issues as worker protections, bail reform, immigration, climate change, and affordable housing.The book describes organizations working across a range of issues. The organizers discuss campaigns that activate people around issues that matter in their daily lives—work schedules, bail reform, schools, voting, and affordable housing—and connect them to broader topics such as racial justice, immigration, climate change, criminal justice, and workers' rights. They share their thoughts on building community organizations and empowering ordinary citizens to become leaders. The book underscores the leadership of Black Americans, other people of color, women, and LGBTQ+ people as they lead campaigns to address the disparate effects of inequality faced by their communities. It provides detailed analysis of the new and effective organizational structures and change strategies, and sheds important new light on foundational organizing practices, innovations, and the challenges and opportunities for progressive social action today
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Outstations, which dramatically increased in numbers in the 1970s, are small, decentralised and relatively permanent communities of kin established by Aboriginal people on land that has social, cultural or economic significance to them. In 2015 they yet again came under attack, this time as an expensive lifestyle choice that can no longer be supported by state governments. Yet outstations are the original, and most striking, manifestation of remote-area Aboriginal people's aspirations for self-determination, and of the life projects by which they seek, and have sought, autonomy in deciding the meaning of their life independently of projects promoted by the state and market. They are not simply projects of isolation from outside influences, as they have sometimes been characterised, but attempts by people to take control of the course of their lives. In the sometimes acrimonious debates about outstations, the lived experiences, motivations and histories of existing communities are missing. For this reason, we invited a number of anthropological witnesses to the early period in which outstations gained a purchase in remote Australia to provide accounts of what these communities were like, and what their residents' aspirations and experiences were. Our hope is that these closer-to-the-ground accounts provide insight into, and understanding of, what Indigenous aspirations were in the establishment and organisation of these communities.
The article compares the Norwegian and Lithuanian models of welfare state provision and seeks to identify factors that may influence the choice of a particular model. This paper offers an overview of social policy in Norway and Lithuania after World War II, the development of a social security system in independent Lithuania, and main characteristics and changes in the social policies of Norway and Lithuania in the context of globalization. For the purposes of this paper, the institutional social democratic Norwegian welfare state model is selected as a reference point for analysing the Lithuanian social security system. ; Artikkelen tar for seg utviklingen av den sosiale velferdspolitikken i Litauen og Norge med særlig vekt på utviklingen etter 1991. At utviklingen i to landene har gått atskilte veier forklares med politikken til de politiske partiene og særlig de sosialdemokratiske i de to landene ; publishedVersion
International audience ; A l'heure de la mondialisation, des mutations du travail et de la responsabilité sociale de l'entreprise (RSE), la gestion des ressources humaines (ou GRH) vise à conjuguer les stratégies de compétitivité de l'entreprise et une gestion qualitative de l'emploi. La GRH est aussi une discipline actuellement en plein renouveau qui relève des sciences de gestion. Comment rejaillit-elle sur le management des entreprises et des organisations? Comment peut-elle intégrer les mutations anthropologiques (nouveaux modes de vie, recherche de développement de soi et d'épanouissement, comportements déviants, souffrances au travail, etc.) auxquelles elle est confrontée? Cet ouvrage expose les fondements et les politiques de GRH.Il présente les nouveaux enjeux et outils, notamment le modèle de la compétence et le management des savoirs. Enfin, l'auteur réfléchit sur la nature même de cette activité: Que produit-elle puisqu'il s'agit d'une production immatérielle? Pour quels acteurs? Quelle est sa contribution à la création de valeur?
International audience ; A l'heure de la mondialisation, des mutations du travail et de la responsabilité sociale de l'entreprise (RSE), la gestion des ressources humaines (ou GRH) vise à conjuguer les stratégies de compétitivité de l'entreprise et une gestion qualitative de l'emploi. La GRH est aussi une discipline actuellement en plein renouveau qui relève des sciences de gestion. Comment rejaillit-elle sur le management des entreprises et des organisations? Comment peut-elle intégrer les mutations anthropologiques (nouveaux modes de vie, recherche de développement de soi et d'épanouissement, comportements déviants, souffrances au travail, etc.) auxquelles elle est confrontée? Cet ouvrage expose les fondements et les politiques de GRH.Il présente les nouveaux enjeux et outils, notamment le modèle de la compétence et le management des savoirs. Enfin, l'auteur réfléchit sur la nature même de cette activité: Que produit-elle puisqu'il s'agit d'une production immatérielle? Pour quels acteurs? Quelle est sa contribution à la création de valeur?
International audience ; A l'heure de la mondialisation, des mutations du travail et de la responsabilité sociale de l'entreprise (RSE), la gestion des ressources humaines (ou GRH) vise à conjuguer les stratégies de compétitivité de l'entreprise et une gestion qualitative de l'emploi. La GRH est aussi une discipline actuellement en plein renouveau qui relève des sciences de gestion. Comment rejaillit-elle sur le management des entreprises et des organisations? Comment peut-elle intégrer les mutations anthropologiques (nouveaux modes de vie, recherche de développement de soi et d'épanouissement, comportements déviants, souffrances au travail, etc.) auxquelles elle est confrontée? Cet ouvrage expose les fondements et les politiques de GRH.Il présente les nouveaux enjeux et outils, notamment le modèle de la compétence et le management des savoirs. Enfin, l'auteur réfléchit sur la nature même de cette activité: Que produit-elle puisqu'il s'agit d'une production immatérielle? Pour quels acteurs? Quelle est sa contribution à la création de valeur?
An empirically sensitive formulation of the norms of transformative criticism must recognize that even public and shared standards of evaluation can be implemented in ways that unintentionally perpetuate and reproduce forms of social bias that are epistemically detrimental. Helen Longino's theory can explain and redress such social bias by treating peer evaluations as hypotheses based on data and by requiring a kind of perspectival diversity that bears, not on the content of the community's knowledge claims, but on the beliefs and norms of the culture of the knowledge community itself. To illustrate how socializing cognition can bias evaluations, we focus on peer-review practices, with some discussion of peer-review practices in philosophy. Data include responses to surveys by editors from general philosophy journals, as well as analyses of reviews and editorial decisions for the 2007 Cognitive Science Society Conference.
<div><p><strong><em>I</em></strong><em>ndia's demography is changing. At present, India is known worldwide for its demographic advantage on account of the young population at the time when world's population is rapidly aging. Different aspect of this demographic advantage is the gender disparity.</em><em> </em></p><p><em>Women comprise almost half of the human population of the world. No development can be thought without their help and support</em><em>.</em><em> Manusmriti(the ancient legal text of Hinduism) says,"yatr naryasto pojyantay, ramantay tatra devta [3/56](where women are provided place of honor, gods are pleased and reside there in that household)"</em><em>but in </em><em>much of South Asia and particularly in India sons are preferred over daughters and both are raised differently for a number of financial, economic, religious and social reasons including property inheritance, old age security, dowry, family lineage, power and prestige, rituals and beliefs about religious duties and salvation. A report by the United Nations' Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) has revealed that the Indian girl child is the most vulnerable in world. Gender disparity is prevalent in different dimensions of life.</em><em></em></p><p><em>This paper is an attempt to study the inter district gender disparity in the Indian state of Haryana by examining the variables which have a bearing on gender and equity issues.</em></p></div>
