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This chapter investigates the integration processes of immigrants in Germany by comparing certain immigrant groups to natives differentiating by gender and immigrant generation. Indicators which are supposed to capture cultural integration of immigrants are differences in marital behavior as well as language abilities, ethnic identification and religious distribution. A special feature of the available data is information about overall life satisfaction, risk aversion and political interest. These indicators are also presented. All of these indicators are depicted in comparison between natives and immigrants differentiated by ethnic origin, gender and generation. This allows visualization of differences by ethnic groups and development over time. Statements about the cultural integration processes of immigrants are thus possible. Furthermore, economic integration in terms of female labor force participation is presented as an additional feature. Empirical findings suggest that differences among immigrants and between immigrants and Germans do exist and differ significantly by ethnic origin, gender and generation. But differences seem to diminish when we consider the second generations. This indicates greater adaption to German norms and habits, and thus better cultural, socio-economic and political integration of second generation immigrants in Germany.

Mit Beiträgen von:Franco Algieri | David John Allen | Franz-Lothar Altmann | Heinz-Jürgen Axt | Esther Barbé | Florian Baumann | Peter Becker | Werner Becker | Matthias Belafi | Stephan Bierling | Barbara Böttcher | Gesa-Stefanie Brincker | Matthias Chardon | Johanna Deimel | Udo Diedrichs | Kai Diekmann | Roland Döhrn | Hans-Georg Ehrhart | Ole Funke | Heiko Fürst | Anneli Ute Gabanyi | Armando García Schmidt |Anke Gimbal | Cyril Gläser | Gerlinde Groitl | Martin Große Hüttmann | Christoph Gusy | Detlef Henning | Julie Herschend Christoffersen | Bernd Hüttemann | Markus Johansson | Friedemann Kainer | Robert Kaiser | Iris Kempe | Daniela Kietz | Nadia Klein | Henning Klodt | Wim Kösters | Sinisa Kusic | Kai-Olaf Lang | Marij Leenders | Christian Lequesne | Ingo Linsenmann | Barbara Lippert | Christian Lippert | Paul Luif | Siegfried Magiera |Remi Maier-Rigaud | Roman Maruhn | Andreas Maurer | Laia Mestres | Wim van Meurs | Jürgen Mittag | Almut Möller | Sebastian Müller | Peter-Christian Müller-Graff | Daniel Naurin | Matthias Niedobitek | Tuulia Nieminen | Kristina Notz | Thomas Petersen | Nicholas Rees | Elfriede Regelsberger | Bettina Reiter | Sammi Sandawi | Sebastian Schäffer | Siegmar Schmidt | Otto Schmuck | Livia Schroedel | Frank Schulz-Nieswandt | Oliver Schwarz | Martin Selmayr | Jan Seifert | Günter Seufert | Otto W. Singer | Burkard Steppacher | Isabel Stirn | Isabelle Tannous | Kathleen Toepel | Gabriel N. Toggenburg | Thomas Traguth | Jürgen Turek | Gaby Umbach | Günther Unser | Volker Weichsel | Werner Weidenfeld | Wolfgang Wessels | Sabine Willenberg | Klaus Winkler | Wichard Woyke | Peter Zervakis

"Diese Arbeit entwickelt und überprüft Hypothesen über den Einfluss von in Medientexten angebotenen Interpretationsrahmen (= Medien Frames) auf die mentalen Modelle (= individuelle Frames) der Rezipienten. Dazu wurde ein Experiment durchgeführt. Dabei wurde die Veränderung des Antwortverhaltens zwischen zwei Itempaaren, die Pre und Post gemessen wurden, analysiert. Entsprechend unserer theoretischen Annahmen, konnte kein Haupteffekt des Medien Frames festgestellt werden. Dennoch konnte festgestellt werden, dass sich die Antworten systematisch verändern. Diese Veränderung ist in starkem Maße von a priori mentalen Modellen abhängig (standardisiertes Beta = -0.4). Weiter konnte ein signifikanter Interaktionseffekt der Experimentalbedingung (Textversion) mit einer Prävariable (Schulart) gefunden werden (standardisiertes Beta = 0.12). Diese Ergebnisse zeigen deutlich, dass der Kongruenz, beziehungsweise Inkongruenz von a priori mentalem Modell und Medien Frame eine entscheidende Rolle zukommt." (Autorenreferat)

The article analyzes the process of Three Horizons of Eurasian Integration. The authors consider the Eurasian Economic Community, the European Union and Belt and Road to be the main political, moral, economic and technological leaders in building a new world order. The global pandemic COVID‑19 made it clear that the Westphalian political system, based on the nation state and sovereignty, is still relevant and that it is the state that is able to cope with various types of crises.

We examine vertical backward integration in a reduced-form model of successive oligopolies. Our key findings are: (i) There may be asymmetric equilibria where some firms integrate and others remain separated, even if firms are symmetric initially; (ii) Efficient firms are more likely to integrate vertically. As a result, integrated firms also tend to have a large market share. The driving force behind these findings are demand/mark-up complementarities in the product market. We also identify countervailing forces resulting from strong vertical foreclosure, upstream sales and endogenous acquisition costs.