Suchergebnisse

The Gran Chaco of South America: Introducing a Peripheral region in Transnational and Multidisciplinary Perspective / Silvia Hirsch, Paola Canova, and Mercedes Biocca -- The Rise and Fall of an Indigenous Homeland: the River Itiyuro Basin, Argentina / Federico Bossert -- Was the Chiriguano a Colonial Fabrication? Linguistic Arguments for Rethinking Guaraní and Chané Histories in the Chaco / Bret Gustafson -- Cosmology of Development: Humanitarian Narratives and Missionary Work in the Argentine Gran Chaco / César Ceriani Cernadas -- "They only know the public roads" Enlhet Territoriality during the Colonization of their Lands / Hannes Kalisch -- Death Ritual as Ethnopoeisis: a Farewell to an Angaité shaman / Rodrigo Villagra Carron -- Between Resistance and Acquiescence: Experiences of Agrarian Transformation in two Indigenous Communities in Chaco, Argentina / Mercedes Biocca -- Infrastructures of settler colonialism: Geographies of violence, Indigenous labor, and marginal resistance in Paraguay's Chaco / Joel E. Correia -- Tense Territories: Negotiating Natural Gas in Weenhayek Society / Denise Humphreys Bebbington and Guido Cortez -- The Guaraní People's Struggle for Indigenous Autonomy in Bolivia / Nancy Postero -- Ayoreo Women and Access to Healthcare: Negotiating the Multicultural Reform of the State in Paraguay / Paola Canova -- Multiterritoriality and the Tapiete Trinational Experience in the Chaco / Silvia Hirsch -- Afterword: The Contested Terrain of the Gran Chaco / Gastón Gordillo

Klappentext: Latin America sits at the centre of the third wave of democratisation beginning in the early 1980s. It has advanced farther than any other region of the world in its accountability processes for past human rights violations perpetrated during authoritarian regimes and armed conflicts. Despite these human rights achievements, Latin America is known as the most violent global region. In the last two decades since the transitions, serious human rights violations, especially disappearances, have increased exponentially in several countries in the region. This volume seeks to understand these post-transition disappearances. It does so by examining four different countries and the dynamics that play out there. It considers a variety of voices and points of view: those expressing the experiences from the perspectives of victims and relatives; those of activists, advocates, and public officials seeking truth and justice; and those from scholars attempting to draw out the specificities in each case and the patterns across cases. The underlying objective behind the project to gain knowledge and to draw on deep commitment to change within the region is to overcome this tragedy. After reading this volume, readers will not only have an overview of the practice of disappearances in the region, but will also be able to gauge how, despite the differences, the social and political logics that make disappearances possible are similar. The disappearances of the past and those of present are not the same, and it would be a mistake to consider them that way, but the social practices that make them possible are similar. These practices are what we call the logics of disappearance.

Tax revenues have risen robustly across Latin America in recent decades, casting doubt on the region's reputation for having states too poor to finance economic and social development. However, dramatic differences persist in the magnitude of national tax burdens and public sector size, even among seemingly similar countries. This book examines the historical roots of this variation. Through in-depth case studies of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Mexico, as well as evidence from Ecuador and Guatemala, Ondetti reveals the lasting impact of historical episodes of redistributive reform that threatened property rights. Ironically, where such episodes were most extensive, they hindered future taxation by prompting economic elites and social conservatives to mobilize politically against state intervention, forming peak business associations, rightist parties, and other formal and informal organizations that have proven to be remarkably enduring.

"This handbook presents a collection of essays including the development of crucial contributions to sociological debates in Latin America over the last 80 years, the period in which the sociology discipline became institutionalized in the region. The sociology of Latin America is a thriving field whose major contributions include Dependence theory, World-systems theory, historical debates on economic development, among others. This handbook offers research essays that introduce the readers to the main assessments of the discipline's key areas and current trends, specifically with regard to contemporary sociology in Latin America, as well as a collection of innovative empirical studies deploying a variety of qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The handbook is organized in eight subfields in which the most significant theoretical and methodological contributions are being made. These include studies in classical areas of sociology, such as sociology of inequalities, sociology of religions, and the well-established sociology of the state, collective action and social movements. The sociology of migrations in Latin America, which has rapidly consolidated into a specialized subfield in the region, provides analytical and conceptual categories that offer alternative theories. This collection also offers a group of sociological studies in diverse fields such as sociology of gender, medical sociology, and sociology of violence. Due to the deterioration of social and economic conditions, as well as recent disruptions to an already tense political environment, these have become some of the most productive and important fields in the sociology of the region. This roiling sociopolitical atmosphere also generates new and innovative expressions of protest and survival, which are being explored by sociologists across different continents today. The essays included in this collection presents a guided map and a thematic articulation to central sociological debates that introduces readers to contemporary sociology in Latin America"--

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Neoliberal Globalism and the Biotechnology Revolution: Economic and Historical Context -- 2. Latin American Agriculture, Food, and Biotechnology: Temperate Dietary Pattern Adoption and Unsustainability -- 3. Exporting Crop Biotechnology: The Myth of Molecular Miracles -- 4. Biosafety Regulation and Global Governance: The Problem of Absentee Expertise in Latin America -- 5. Unnatural Growth: The Political Economy of Biotechnology in Mexico -- 6. Importing Corn, Exporting Labor: The Neoliberal Corn Regime, GMOs, and the Erosion of Mexican Biodiversity -- 7. Political Economy of Agricultural Biotechnology in North America: The Case of rBST in La Laguna, Mexico -- 8. Genetically Modifi ed Soybeans and the Crisis of Argentina's Agriculture Model -- 9. Brazilian Biotechnology Governance: Consensus and Confl ict over Genetically Modifi ed Crops -- 10. Brazilian Farmers at a Crossroads: Biotech Industrialization of Agriculture or New Alternatives for Family Farmers? -- 11. Social Movements and Techno-Democracy: Reclaiming the Genetic Commons -- 12. Conclusion: Food for the Few? -- About the Contributors -- Index

Frontmatter -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Acknowledgments -- PART I: THEORETICAL AND COMPARATIVE ISSUES -- 1. Economic Reform and Democratization in Latin America -- 2. The Missing Social Contract: Governability and Reform in Latin America -- 3. The Prospects for Open Regionalism in Latin America -- PART II: COUNTRY CASE STUDIES: POLITICAL PARTIES AND SOCIAL FORCES -- 4. Economic Reform in Argentina: Which Social Forces for What Aims? -- 5. Brazil's Drifting Economy: Stagnation and Inflation During 1987-1996 -- 6. Macroeconomic Adjustment in Chile and the Politics of the Popular Sectors -- 7. Trade Unions and the Corporatist System in Mexico -- 8. Interest Representation and the Party System in Mexico -- PART III: HYBRID REGIMES AND NEOPLURALIST POLITICS -- 9. Is the Century of Corporatism Over? Neoliberalism and the Rise of Neopluralism -- 10. New Democracies and Economic Crisis in Latin America -- 11. Conclusions: What Kind of Democracy? What Kind of Market? -- References -- Index

Special Topics In Assessing Democracy In Latin America; Measuring Democracy in Latin America: The Fitzgibbon Index; (Philip Kelly. ); Studying the Ebb and Flow of Political Parties in the Quest for Democracy; (John D. Martz. ); Social Democracy in Latin America; (Robert L. Peterson. ); Democracy and the Environment in Latin America; (Kathryn Hochstetler and Stephen Mumme. ); Assessing Democracy Then and Now: A Personal Memoir; (Martin Needler. ); * Assessing Democracy In Mexico And Middle America; Mexicos Problematic Transition to Democracy; (Guy Poitras. ); Province Versus the Center: Democratizing Mexicos Political Culture; (Roderic Ai Camp. ); The Quest for Central American Democracy Since 1945; (Thomas M. Leonard. ); Elections and Democracy in Central America: The Cases of Costa Rica and Nicaragua; (Charles L. Stansifer. ); Institutional Development, Democratization, and Independence in the Anglophone Caribbean; (W. Marvin Will. ); Passion and Democracy in Cuba; (Damin J. Fernndez. ); Haitian Democracy: Oxymoron or Emerging Reality?; (Richard L. Millett. ); The Dilemmas of Democracy in the Dominican Republic: A Paradigm for All of Latin America?; (Howard J. Wiarda. ); * Assessing Democracy In South America; The Emergence of a Dominant Political Culture: Venezuelan Professionals and Post-1958 Democracy; (David J. Myers. ); Democracy for the Few: Ecuadors Crisis-Prone Democracy; (Robert E. Biles. ); Democracy in Peru?; (David Scott Palmer. ); Democratic Crises and Assumptions in Chile and Uruguay; (Ronald H. McDonald. ); The Military and Democracy in Argentina; (Jack Child. ); Democracy in Bolivia and Paraguay: A Comparison; (P. Kelly and Thomas Whigham. ); Democracy and Development in Brazil: Cardosos Catch-22; (Jan Knippers Black.

"Cultural Management and Policy in Latin America provides in-depth insights into the education and training of cultural managers from interdisciplinary and comparative perspectives. The book focuses on the effects of neoliberalism on cultural policies across the region, and questions how cultural managers in Latin America deal not only with contemporary political challenges but also with the omnipresent legacy of colonialism. In doing so, it unpacks the methods, formats, and narratives employed. Reflecting on emerging and contemporary research topics, the book analyses the key literature and scholarly contexts to identify impacts in the region and beyond. The volume provides scholars, students and reflective practitioners with a comprehensive resource on international cultural management that helps to overcome Western-centric methods and theories"--

1. Crime and (No) Punishment: Business Corporations and Dictatorships -- 2. Business and the Military in the Argentine Dictatorship (1976-1983): Institutional, Economic, and Repressive Relations -- 3. Building the Dictatorship: Construction Companies and Industrialization in Brazil -- 4. Authoritarian Rule and Economic Groups in Chile: A Case of Winner-Takes-All Politics -- 5. Big Business and Bureaucratic Authoritarianism in Uruguay: A Network-Based Story of Policy Infiltration for Self-Preservation -- 6. From Business Associations to Business Groups: Business-Government Relations and Corporate Networks during the Military Dictatorship, Peru 1968-1980 -- 7. Banking Southern Cone Dictatorships -- 8. Confronting Labor Power: Ford Motor Argentina and the Dictatorship (1976-1983) -- 9. A Typology of the Collaboration between Multinational Corporations, Home Governments, and Authoritarian Regimes: Evidence from German Investors in Argentina -- 10. Class Conflict and the Ascent of Globalized Business Groups under Chile's Dictatorship: A Case Study of the Copper Manufacturing Industry -- 11. The Limits of Repression: State-Owned Enterprises, Corruption, Environmental Activism, and the Brazilian Tucuruí Dam (1974-1984) -- 12. Business as Usual under a Military Regime? Volkswagen Do Brazil and the Military Dictatorship in Brazil (1964-1980) -- 13. Securing the Expansion of Capitalism in Colombia: Canadair and the Military Regime of General Gustavo Rojas Pinilla (1953-1957) -- 14. Slippery Alliances in Central America: Multinationals, Dictators, and (under) Development Policies.

Frontmatter -- CONTENTS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION -- CHAPTER 2. What Gets Women Elected -- CHAPTER 3. Elected Women's Paths to Power -- CHAPTER 4. Elected Women as Legislators and Representatives -- CHAPTER 5. Women and Democratization in Central America -- CHAPTER 6. Public Policy -- APPENDIX A. Methodology -- APPENDIX B. Interview Schedule for Elected Women Legislators -- NOTES -- GLOSSARY -- REFERENCES -- INDEX

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Part I. Case Studies -- 1. The Origins of Southern California Latino Gangs -- 2. Street Gangs of El Salvador -- 3. Street Gangs of Guatemala -- 4. Street Gangs of Honduras -- 5. Street Gangs of Nicaragua -- Part II. Responses to Gang Violence -- 6. State Power and Central American Maras: A Cross- national Comparison -- 7. Government responses and the Dark Side of Gang Suppression in Central America -- 8. Elite Membership and Sexualized Violence among Central American Gangs -- 9. the Use of Intelligence to Combat Maras -- 10. the Impact of U.S. Anti- gang Policies in Central America: Quo Vadis? -- Conclusion: The Dilemma of Fighting Gangs in New Democracies -- Notes -- Glossary -- List of Acronyms -- Bibliography -- About the Contributors -- Index

Frontmatter -- CONTENTS -- Acknowledgments -- 1. Introduction: Studying Indigenous Activism in Latin America -- 2. The Indigenous Public Voice:The Multiple Idioms of Modernity in Native Cauca -- 3. Contested Discourses of Authority in Colombian National Indigenous Politics:The 1996 Summer Takeovers -- 4. The Multiplicity of Mayan Voices:Mayan Leadership and the Politics of Self-Representation -- 5. Voting against Indigenous Rights in Guatemala: Lessons from the 1999 Referendum -- 6. How Should an Indian Speak? Amazonian Indians and the Symbolic Politics of Language in the Global Public Sphere -- 7. Representation,Polyphony, and the Construction of Power in a Kayapó Video -- 8. Cutting through State and Class: Sources and Strategies of Self-Representation in Latin America -- Contributors -- Index

Criminal extortion is an understudied, but widespread and severe problem in Latin America. In states that cannot or choose not to uphold the rule of law, victims are often seen as helpless in the face of powerful criminals. However, even under such difficult circumstances, victims resist criminal extortion in surprisingly different ways. Drawing on extensive fieldwork in violent localities in Colombia, El Salvador and Mexico, Moncada weaves together interviews, focus groups, and participatory drawing exercises to explain why victims pursue distinct strategies to resist criminal extortion. The analysis traces and compares processes that lead to individual acts of everyday resistance; sporadic killings by ad hoc groups of victims and police; institutionalized and sustained collective vigilantism; and coordination between victims and states to co-produce order in ways that both strengthen and undermine the rule of law. This book offers valuable new insights into the broader politics of crime and the state.

List of Figures -- Preface / David L. Eng -- Journeys, Itineraries, Horizons: An Introduction / Martin F. Manalansan IV, Alice Y. Hom, and Kale Bantigue Fajardo -- Enduring Spaces and Bodies. 1. "Shanghai, Hong Kong, Egg Fu Yung, Fortune Cookie Always Wrong" / Danni Lin -- 2. All the Pinays are straight, all the queers are Pinoy, but some of us / Kimberly Alidio -- 3. The Hybridity of Race: Science, Geopolitics, and the Queer Genealogy of the "Chinese Jew" / Jih-Fei Cheng -- 4. "Sewing Patches through Performance" and "Courses in Brown Love" / D'Lo -- 5. nine genealogies (of un/belonging) / Patti Duncan -- 6. Lateral Diasporas and Queer Adaptations in Fresh Off the Boat and The Family Law / Douglas S. Ishii -- Queer Unsettlings: Geographies, Sovereignties. 7. "Khmer Alphabet," "Galaxies Like Blood," "Teeth and Chairs (Phnom Penh)," "Pornography of Days," "LDR (Amsterdam ssà San Francisco) (for Wai)," "Samsara," "'Eighteen Levels of Hell' (Đại Nam Amusement Park, Sài Gòn)," "Impossible Poem" / Việt Lê -- 8. You're Here, You're Queer, But You're Still a Tourist / Kim Compoc -- 9. Filipinx and Latinx Queer Critique: Houseboys and Housemaids in the US-Mexican Borderlands / Sony Coráñez Bolton -- 10. Queer South Asian Desire, Blackness, and the Apartheid State / Vanita Reddy -- 11. Pinkwashing, Tourism, and the (In)visibility of Israeli State Violence / Jennifer Lynn Kelly -- 12. Asian Settler Abstraction and Administrative Aloha / Reid Uratani -- Building Justice: Queer Movements in Asian North America. 13. In All Our Splendid Selves: A Roundtable Discussion on Queer API Activism in Three Political Moments / Eric Estuar Reyes and Eric C. Wat -- 14. Manservants to Millenials: A Brief Queer APA History / Amy Sueyoshi -- 15. From Potlucks to Protests: Reflections from Organizing Queer and Trans API Communities / Sasha Wijeyeratne -- 16. Sing Freedom, Sing / Kim Tran -- 17. Building a Queer Asian Movement: Building Communities and Organizing for Change / Glenn D. Magpantay -- Messing up the Archives and Circuits of Desire. 18. inspector of journals makes introductions: Fan & Basket plot escape from Peabody Essex Museum / Ching-In Chen -- 19. On (En)countering the Archival Sidekick / Joyce Gabiola -- 20. Camp Objects: Orientalist Kitsch and Trashy Re-Collections of the Japanese American Incarceration / Chris A. Eng -- 21. Asian Men and the Construction of Racial Desire on Craigslist / C. Winter Han -- 22. "I Think I'll Be More Slutty": The Promise of Queer Pilipinx/a/o/American Desire on Mobile Digital Apps in Los Angeles and Manila / Paul Michael Leonardo Atienza -- 23. Re/Generations: A Queer Korean American Diasporic Response / Anthony Yooshin Kim and Margaret Rhee -- Burning Down the House-Institutional Queerings. 24. Model/Minority Veteran: The Queer Asian American Challenge to Post-9/11 US Military Culture / Long T. Bui -- 25. Disrupting normative choreographies: queer Asian Canadian interventions making a mess with/in a "Too Asian" university / John Paul Catungal -- 26. Open in Emergency: on Queer(ing) Asian American Mental Health / Mimi Khúc -- 27. Religion and Ritual in the Lives of Queer Filipinx in Canada / May Farrales -- 28. Coming Back Around to a Place of Grace: A personal theological reflection and journey by a 1.5 generation Korean American transman / Sung Won Park -- 29. "Save the Thai Temple": Wat Mongkolratanaram, Thai America, and the Heteronormative Logics of South Berkeley / Pahole Sookkasikon -- Mediating Queer. 30. In which I watch Youtube to watch fan video edits of you For Nico Minoru on Marvel's Runaways / Kay Ulanday Barrett -- 31. PhilippinExcess: Queerness, Multiraciality, Midwesternness, and the Cultural Politics of Legibility / Thomas Xavier Sarmiento -- 32. Balang's Dance: Puro Arte as Queer Affect / Casey Mecija -- 33. "I Will Always Love You": Queer Filipino Performances of Blackness, Death, and Return / Thea Quiray Tagle -- 34. The Opposite of Performance: M. Butterfly in 2017 / Emily Raymundo -- 35. The Craft: QTPOC Tarot in Mariko Tamaki and Jillian Tamaki's Skim / Christine "Xine" Yao -- Finding One's Way: Routes of Lives and Bodies. 36. Loving Our Children, Finding Our Way / Marsha Aizumi -- 37. Needles + Cushions: a reflection on memory / Syd Yang -- 38. Queercore Prepped Me For Cancer / Leslie Mah -- 39. This One Body / Maiana Minahal -- 40. Mamang Or Death in Vegas / Karen Tongson -- 41. To Fukaya Michiyo / traci kato-kiriyama.

This book explores the emergence and evolution of family firms throughout Latin America, from the colonial period to the modern day. In the course of Latin American history, institutions evolved to create order and reduce the uncertainty of the market. Using institutional change theory, social capital theory in organizational settings and resource-based view as organizing frameworks, the authors show how differences among family business in the region developed by examining the influx of foreign settlers, the shift from state-owned enterprises to privatized family business groups, and the effect of globalization. This text, presenting cases of family firms across several countries, offers entrepreneurship scholars a fresh perspective of a neglected region.