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Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) ; Open Science is encouraged by the European Union and many other political and scientific institutions.However, scientific practice is proving slow to change.We propose, as early career researchers, that it is our task to change scientific research into open scientific research and commit to Open Science principles. ; Non peer reviewed

Böhme, Gernot: The Aesthetics of Atmospheres. London/New York 2016: Routledge, 230 Seiten. (Dr. Andreas Rauh) Ulber, Marie: Landschaft und Atmosphäre. Künstlerische Übersetzungen. Bielefeld 2017: transcript, 224 Seiten. (Dr. Andreas Rauh) Griffero, Tonino: Atmospheres: Aesthetics of Emotional Spaces. Farnham/Burlington 2014 [2010]: Ashgate, 174 Seiten. (Dr. Andreas Rauh) Schroer, Sara Asu/Schmitt, Susanne B. (Hg.): Exploring Atmospheres Ethnographically. London/New York 2018: Routledge, 192 Seiten. (Dr. Andreas Rauh) Schmitz, Hermann: Atmosphären. Freiburg/München 2014: Verlag Karl Alber, 146 Seiten. (Prof. Dr. Barbara Wolf) Pfaller, Larissa/Wiesse, Basil (Hg.): Stimmungen und Atmosphären. Zur Affektivität des Sozialen. Wiesbaden 2018: Springer VS, 285 Seiten. (Stephanie Schwab M.A.) Breuer, Stefan: Kritische Theorie. Schlüsselbegriffe, Kontroversen, Grenzen. Tübingen 2016: Mohr Siebeck, 271 Seiten. (Prof. Dr. Clemens Albrecht) Wolfdietrich Schmied-Kowarzik: Die Vielfalt der Kulturen und die Verantwortung für die eine Menschheit. Philosophische Reflexionen zur Kulturanthropologie und zur Interkulturellen Philosophie. Freiburg/München 2017: Karl Alber, 325 Seiten. (Prof. Dr. Justin Stagl) Jullien, François: Es gibt keine kulturelle Identität. Wir verteidigen die Ressourcen einer Kultur. Berlin 2017 [2016]: Suhrkamp, 80 Seiten. (Univ. Prof. Dr. Manfred Prisching) Giessen, Hans W./Krause, Arno/Oster-Stierle, Patricia/Raasch, Albert (Hg.): Mehrsprachigkeit im Wissenschaftsdiskurs. Ein Panorama der Möglichkeiten und Schwierigkeiten. Baden-Baden 2018: Nomos, 318 Seiten. (Prof. i.R. Dr. Reinhard Schmidt) Kofahl, Daniel/Schellhaas, Sebastian (Hg.): Kulinarische Ethnologie. Beiträge zur Wissenschaft von eigenen, fremden und globalisierten Ernährungskulturen. Bielefeld 2018: transcript, 317 Seiten. (Dr. Peter Fischer) Fohrmann, Oliver: Im Spiegel des Geldes. Bildung und Identität in Zeiten der Ökonomisierung. Bielefeld 2016: transcript, 216 Seiten. (Lukas Bäuerle M.A.) Klug, Daniel (Hg.): Scripted Reality. Fernsehrealität zwischen Fakt und Fiktion. Perspektiven auf Produkt, Produktion und Rezeption. Baden-Baden 2016: Nomos, 267 Seiten. (Dr. Florian Krauß, Moritz Stock M.A.) Zichy, Michael: Menschenbilder. Eine Grundlegung. Freiburg/München 2017: Verlag Karl Alber, 464 Seiten. (Univ. Prof. Dr. Manfred Prisching)

Based on new comparative and analytical frameworks, this book provides a comprehensive and transnational account of major structural developments that are changing the traditional features of the academic profession. It examines the wider changes in higher education such as new governance models, massification and marketization, identity formation, internationalization and globalization, as well as new forms of knowledge production and their effects on academic life. This collection analyses the effects these changes will have on academic careers, and on employment relationships and academic labour markets in Europe and America. Contents: Enders, Jürgen/Weert, Egbert de: Introduction. - PART I. Modernisation Processes and the Academic Profession (Neave, Guy: The Academic Estate Revisited. Reflections on Academia's Rapid Progress from the Capitoline Hill to the Tarpeian Rock. - Enders, Jürgen/Boer, Harry de/Leisyte, Liudvika: New Public Management and the Academic Profession: the Rationalisation of Academic Work Revisted. - Scott, Peter: Markets and New Modes of Knowledge Production. - Henkel, Mary: Policy Change and the Challenge to Academic Identities. - Marginson, Simon: The Academic Professions in the Global Era). - PART II. Academic Profession and the Academic Workplace (Musselin, Christine: Profession, Market and Organisation. How is Academia Regulated? - Weert, Egbert de: The Organised Contradictions of Teaching and Research. Reshaping the Academic Profession. - Kehm, Barbara M. Doctoral Education. Pressures for Change and Modernisation. - Fairweather, James: Work Allocation and Rewards in Shaping Academic Work). - PART III. Changing Employment Relations in Higher Education (Farnham, David: Employment Relations in Europe. a Comparative and Critical Review. - Finkelstein, Martin J./Galaz-Fontes, Jesus F./Scott Metcalfe, Amy: Changing Employment Relationships in North America. Academic Work in the United States, Canada and Mexico). - PART IV. Conclusion (Enders, Jürgen/Weert, Egbert de: Towards a T-shaped Profession. Academic Work and Career in the Knowledge Society) (HoF/text adopted)

This article reviews three recent queer studies anthologies: Queer Methods and Methodology: Intersecting Queer Theories and Social Science Research, by Kath Browne and Catherine J. Nash (2010), Anarchism & Sexuality: Ethics, Relationships and Power by Jamie Heckert and Richard Cleminson (2011) , and After Sex? On Writing Since Queer Theory, by Janet Halley and Andrew Parker (2011) . A brief synopsis of the books is followed by discussion on three key observations. First, I discuss the specificity of the queer 'body', particularly with regard to the scholarly subjectivity articulated by contributors to these anthologies. Second, I discuss the distillation of queer identity from the field of queer corporeality as a specific move to embrace anti-identitarianism through conceiving identity as fluid. Lastly, questions of queer and identity are reconsidered as methodologically specific and, as such, as entailing sensitivity to the movement of concepts between the different epistemological fields of knowledge called the social sciences and the arts and humanities. Through discussion of these observations, this review aims to stimulate thought and reflection on these texts as responding to and participating in the highly contested institutionalisation of queer studies in the academy.

This chapter examines Cornelius Castoriadis's trajectory from obscurity and the margins of post-war French intellectual and political milieu to the misappropriation and canonization of his thought after the 1970s and argues for a re-radicalization of his thought. First, it considers his formative experience in Greece and examines how the post-war French political, economic and ideological conditions and the group and journal Socialisme ou Barbarie contributed to Castoriadis's radicalization. The chapter explores some reasons for the rising interest in the social and political thought of Cornelius Castoriadis, expressed in both academic and political circles after the 1970s and has led not only to his international recognition but also to a triple diversion of the political and radical meaning of his theorizing. After the 1970s, Castoriadis's radical and left critique of totalitarianism, Marx and Marxism was misconstrued and misused by the new philosophers'. The chapter concludes by arguing for a need to restore to Castoriadis's work its proper political and radical problematic.

chapter 1 "Venetian Commercial Expansion in the eastern Mediterranean, 8th–11th centuries", in Marlia Mundell Mango, edition, Byzantine Trade, 4th–12th Centuries. The Archaeology of Local, Regional and International Exchange (Papers of the Thirty-eight Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, St. John's College, University of Oxford, March 2004), Farnham: Ashgate, 2009, pp. 371–391 -- chapter 2 "The Venetians in Byzantine and Lusignan Cyprus: Trade, Settlement, and Politics", in A. Nicolaou-Konnari, edition, La Serenissima and la Nobilissima: Venice in Cyprus and Cyprus in Venice, Nicosia: Bank of Cyprus Cultural Foundation, 2009, pp. 59–100 -- chapter 3 "Commercio e navigazione degli Amalfitani nel Mediterraneo orientale: sviluppo e declino", in Bruno Figliuolo e Pinuccia F. Simbula, editions., Interscambi socio-culturali ed economici fra le citta marinare d'Italia e l'Occidente dagli osservatori mediterranei, Atti del Convegno Internazionale di Studi, Amalfi 14–16 maggio 2011, Amalfi: Centro di Cultura e Storia Amalfitana, 2014, pp. 89–128 -- chapter 4 "The Economic Function of the Crusader States of the Levant: a New Approach", in S. Cavaciocchi, edition, Relazioni economiche tra Europa e mondo islamico. Secc. XIII–XVIII (Istituto Internazionale di Storia Economica "F. Datini", Atti delle Settimane di Studi e altri convegni, 38/1), Firenze: Le Monnier, 2007, pp. 159–191 -- chapter 5 "Acre-Alexandria: A Major Commercial Axis of the Thirteenth Century", in Marina Montesano, edition, "Come l'orco della fiaba". Studi per Franco Cardini, Firenze: SISMEL/Edizioni del Galluzzo, 2010, pp. 151–167 -- chapter 6 "Marco Polo, His Close Relatives, and His Travel Account: Some New Insights", Mediterranean Historical Review, 21 (2006), pp. 193–218 -- chapter 7 "Byzantium, the Italian Maritime Powers, and the Black Sea before 1204", Byzantinische Zeitschrift, 100 (2007), pp. 677–699 -- chapter 8 "Mediterranean Food and Wine for Constantinople: The Long-Distance Trade, Eleventh to Mid-Fifteenth Century", in Ewald Kislinger, Johannes Koder, Andreas Kulzer, eds, Handelsguter und Verkehrswege. Aspekte der Warenversorgung im ostlichen Mittelmeerraum (4. bis 15. Jahrhundert) (Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-historische Klasse, Denkschriften, 388. Band), Wien, 2010, pp. 127–147 -- chapter 9 "Rural Exploitation and Market Economy in the Late Medieval Peloponnese", in Sharon E. J. Gerstel, edition, Viewing the Morea. Land and People in the Late Medieval Peloponnese, Harvard University Press, 2013, pp. 213–275 -- chapter 10 "Jews and Christians in Venetian Crete: Segregation, Interaction, and Conflict", in Uwe Israel, Robert Jutte, Reinhold C. Mueller, editions., "Interstizi": Culture ebraico-cristiane a Venezia e nei suoi domini dal medioevo all'eta moderna (Centro Tedesco di Studi Veneziani, Ricerche 5), Roma: Storia e Letteratura, 2010, pp. 239–279.

A significant chapter in the history of American social reform is traced in this skillful account of the rise of the New York penitentiary system at a time when the United States was garnering international acclaim for its penal methods. Beginning with Newgate, an ill-fated institution built in New York City and named after the famous British prison, W. David Lewis describes the development of such well-known institutions as Auburn Prison and Sing Sing, and ends with the establishment of Clinton Prison at Dannemora. In the process, he analyzes the activities and motives of such penal reformers as Thomas Eddy, the Quaker merchant who was chiefly responsible for the founding of the penitentiary system in New York; Elam Lynds, whose unsparing use of the lash made him one of the most famous wardens in American history; and Eliza W. Farnham, who attempted to base the treatment of convicts upon the pseudoscience of phrenology.The history of the Auburn penal system-copied throughout the world in the nineteenth century-is the central topic of Lewis's study. Harsh and repressive discipline was the rule at Auburn; by night, the inmates were kept in solitary confinement and by day they were compelled to maintain absolute silence while working together in penitentiary shops. Moreover, the proceeds of their labor were expected to cover the full cost of institutional maintenance, turning the prison into a factory. (Indeed, Auburn Prison became a leading center of silk manufacture for a time.)Lewis shows how the rise and decline of the Auburn system reflected broad social and intellectual trends during the period. Conceived in the 1820s, a time of considerable public anxiety, the methods used at Auburn were seriously challenged twenty years later, when a feeling of social optimism was in the air. The Auburn system survived the challenge, however, and its methods, only slightly modified, continued to be used in dealing with most of the state's adult criminals to the end of the century.First published in 1965, From Newgate to Dannemora was the first in-depth treatment of American prison reform that took into account the broader context of political, economic, and cultural trends in the early national and Jacksonian period. With its clear prose and appealing narrative approach, this paperback edition will appeal to a new generation of readers interested in penology, the history of New York State, and the broader history of American social reform.

Pazos, A.M. (ed.), Pilgrims and Politics: Rediscovering the Power of the Pilgrimage, Farnham: Ashgate, 2012: 9-27. (Usado con permiso de los editores. Copyright © 2012. www.ashgate.com/isbn/9781409447597) ; [EN] In order to understand the image that Muslims in the Middle Ages formed of the pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela, this paper reviews a series of Arabic narrative texts which mention it and which provide insight into its religious, political and military implications from the perspective of Muslim authors. This is one aspect of the cult of St James which has received little attention until recently1 and which constitutes an interesting facet in contrast to its more familiar image in Christian circles. This work gathers together the threads of information in medieval Arabic sources that relate to the shrine of St James at Santiago de Compostela, as well as to the routes trodden by the travellers on their Jacobean pilgrimage, just as they are set down in the work of a twelfth-century Muslim author. Subsequently, it discusses the religious, political and military repercussions which arose from the cult of St James in the Islamic world, including a special mention of the way in which the city of Santiago and its church were sacked towards the end of the tenth century by the might of al-Andalus. ; [ES] A fin de conocer la imagen que los musulmanes del medievo se habían forjado de la peregrinación a Santiago de Compostela, en este trabajo reviso una serie de textos árabes de tipo narrativo que hacen referencia a este fenómeno y que permiten entrever las implicaciones religiosas, políticas y militares derivadas de él, según la perspectiva adoptada a este respecto por los autores musulmanes. Es este un aspecto del culto jacobeo al que no se ha prestado especial consideración hasta fechas recientes y que constituye una faceta interesante como contrapunto a la imagen más conocida que del mismo se tenía en el ámbito cristiano. En este trabajo se traen a colación las noticias contenidas en las fuentes árabes medievales en relación con el santuario compostelano, así como los itinerarios que seguían los viajeros en su peregrinación jacobea, tal y como aparecen consignados en la obra de un autor musulmán del siglo XII. Posteriormente, se abordan las repercusiones de índole religiosa, política y militar derivadas del culto jacobeo en el ámbito islámico, incluyendo una mención especial al saqueo al que fueron sometidos la ciudad de Santiago y su templo por la autoridad andalusí a finales del siglo X. ; Peer reviewed

Support for this work was provided by the NASA Solar System Observations program (80NSSC20K0673), the Space Telescope Science Institute (HST-GO-15372), the National Science Foundation (PHY-2010970), the National Research Foundation (NRF; No. 2019R1I1A1A01059609), the MINEDUC-UA project ESR1795, the European Union H2020-MSCA-ITN-2019 under Grant no. 860470 (CHAMELEON), and by the Novo Nordisk Foundation Interdisciplinary Synergy Program (NNF19OC0057374). ; Cometary activity is a manifestation of sublimation-driven processes atthe surface of nuclei. However, cometary outbursts may arise from other processes that are not necessarily driven by volatiles. In order to fully understand nuclear surfaces and their evolution, we must identify the causes of cometary outbursts. In that context, we present a study of mini-outbursts of comet 46P/Wirtanen. Six events are found in our long-term lightcurve of the comet around its perihelion passage in 2018. The apparent strengths range from -0.2 to -1.6 mag in a 5" radius aperture, and correspond to dust masses between ∼104 to 106 kg, but with large uncertainties due to the unknown grain size distributions. However, the nominal mass estimates are the same order of magnitude as the mini-outbursts at comet 9P/Tempel 1 and 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, events which were notably lacking at comet 103P/Hartley 2. We compare the frequency of outbursts at the four comets, and suggest that the surface of 46P has large-scale (∼10-100 m) roughness that is intermediate to that of 67P and 103P, if not similar to the latter. The strength of the outbursts appear to be correlated with time since the last event, but a physical interpretation with respect to solar insolation is lacking. We also examine Hubble Space Telescope images taken about 2 days following a near-perihelion outburst. No evidence for macroscopic ejecta was found in the image, with a limiting radius of about 2 m. ; Publisher PDF ; Peer reviewed

Introduction: Scope of the problem, definitions and concepts / Jacob Holzer, Andrea J. Dew, Patricia R. Recupero, and Paul Gill -- Historical aspects and evolution of lone-actor violence / Mark Hamm and Tammy Ayres -- Case reviews in lone-actor terrorism incidents / Jacob Holzer, Olivia Zurek, and Lauren Simpson -- Clinical psychiatric and neuropsychiatric aspects of lone-actor terrorism / Robert P. Granacher, Jr., Danielle B. Kushner, and Jacob Holzer -- Psychoactive agents and mental disorders in lone-actor terrorism / Michael Arieli, Aviv Weinstein, Uri Ben Yaakov, Ronnie Berkovitz, Alina Poperno, Hagit Bonny-Noach, and Robert P. Granacher, Jr. -- Developmental aspects of lone-actor terrorists / Karl Mobbs, Gen Ignatius Tanaka, and Terry R. Bard -- The role of psychometrics in investigating lone-actor terrorism / Nancy P. Moczynski, Allen Schiller, Theodora Farah, and Eric Drogan -- Understanding lone-actor violence through linguistic analysis / Isabelle W.J. van der Vegt, Bennett Kleinberg, and Paul Gill -- Propaganda and lone-actor terrorism / Eric Drogan -- Lone-actor mass casualty events and linkages to organized violent Salafist-Jihadist inspired terror groups / Andrea J. Dew and Daniel Starr -- The internet and social media as an enabling force / Patricia R. Recupero and Samara E. Rainey -- Geographic context : domestic vs. international lone-actors / Christopher Jasparro and Suzanne Levi-Sanchez -- Means, mechanisms, and trends of operationalizing violence / Christopher Winter, Ramón Spaaij, and Marilyn Price -- Role of forensic mental health and lone-actor violence / Ashley H. VanDercar, Ryan C. Wagoner, Phillip J. Resnick, Frank Farnham, and Emily Corner -- An ethics analysis of lone-actor terror and society's response / Danielle B. Kushner and Philip J. Candilis -- Law enforcement response to lone-actor incidents at the local through federal levels / Douglas Brennan, Mark Concordia, and Michael Madden -- Post-9/11 U.S. Military and intelligence approaches to lone-actors / Corri Zoli -- U.S. Legal perspectives : legislative, intelligence, and law-enforcement aspects / Jeffrey H. Smith, Amy Jeffress, Christopher E. Beeler, and Tian Tian Xin -- Pursuing lone-actor terrorists : U.K. counterterrorism law and policy / Stuart Macdonald -- Lone-actor terrorism : understanding online indoctrination / Steven Hassan, Jon Caven-Atack, Mansi J. Shah, and Simran Malhotra -- Hatred and grievance as constructs in lone-actor terrorism / Jacob Holzer, Arya Shah, Eric Drogan, and Robert P. Granacher, Jr -- Comparing lone-actor terrorism to other high-threat groups / Jacob Holzer, Emily Threlkeld, William Costanza, Patricia R. Recupero, and Samara E. Rainey -- A risk analysis framework of lone-actor terrorism / Noémie Bouhana, Emily Corner, and Paul Gill -- A framework for preempting lone-actor terrorists during the pre-incident phases / Joshua Sinai -- Threat assessment : the TRAP-18 and application to a lone-actor terrorism incident / J. Reid Meloy and Jacob Holzer -- Use of threat and risk assessment tools in the evaluation of lone-actor terrorists / Hy Bloom, Reem Zaia, and Arya Shah -- Developing a risk assessment and intervention strategy : future directions in research and practice / Jacob Holzer, Andrea J. Dew, Patricia R. Recupero, and Paul Gill.

BACKGROUND: Biting midges of the genus Culicoides Latreille, 1809 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) cause a significant biting nuisance to equines and are responsible for the biological transmission of African horse sickness virus (AHSV). While currently restricted in distribution to sub-Saharan Africa, AHSV has a history of emergence into southern Europe and causes one of the most lethal diseases of horses and other species of Equidae. In the event of an outbreak of AHSV, the use of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) to screen equine accomodation is recommended by competent authorities including the Office International des Épizooties (OIE) in order to reduce vector-host contact. METHODS: Seven commercially avaliable pyrethroid insecticides and three repellent compounds, all of which are licensed for amateur use, were assessed in modified World Health Organization (WHO) cone bioassay trials in the laboratory using a colony line of Culicoides nubeculosus (Meigen), 1830. Two field trials were subsequently conducted to test the efficiency of treated net screens in preventing entry of Culicoides. RESULTS: A formulation of cypermethrin (0.15 % w/w) and pyrethrins (0.2 % w/w) (Tri-Tec 14®, LS Sales (Farnham) Ltd, Bloxham, UK) applied to black polyvinyl-coated polyester insect screen (1.6 mm aperture; 1.6 mm thickness) inflicted 100 % mortality on batches of C. nubeculosus following a three minute exposure in the WHO cone bioassays at 1, 7 and 14 days post-treatment. Tri-Tec 14® outperformed all other treatments tested and was subsequently selected for use in field trials. The first trial demonstrated that treated screens placed around an ultraviolet light-suction trap entirely prevented Culicoides being collected, despite their collection in identical traps with untreated screening or no screening. The second field trial examined entry of Culicoides into stables containing horses and found that while the insecticide treated screens reduced entry substantially, there was still a small risk of exposure to biting. CONCLUSIONS: Screened stables can be utilised as part of an integrated control program in the event of an AHSV outbreak in order to reduce vector-host contact and may also be applicable to protection of horses from Culicoides during transport. ; The work of LEH and GLI was supported by funding from the Horserace Betting Levy Board (HBLB) (Vet/PRJ/766); TR was supported by funding from the University of Surrey; and JW was supported by the Alborada Trust and by the European Union FP7 project ANTIGONE (contract number 278976). RN is supported through a combined contribution to the Animal Health Trust's Equine Infectious Disease Service from the HBLB, the Racehorse Owners' Association (ROA) and the Thoroughbred Breeders' Association (TBA). The Pirbright Institute receives grant aided support from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council of the United Kingdom. ; This is the final version of the article. It was first available from BioMed Central via http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-015-1182-x