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Exploitation of female labor as well as more general issues of gender equity have emerged as universal concerns of nations in the past decade. In addition, women often face problems of sexual exploitation. Women's movements have been organized in most societies to address these problems and to demand more equitable conditions for women. The social and political responses of both men and women to these movements have been culturally constrained. There are as many perspectives and approaches to resolving gender inequities as there are societies. In this article, illustrations are drawn from a cross section of societies to illustrate several assumptions regarding women's rights and women's movements. More specifically, the constraints imposed by behavioral culture that affect issue development and change mechanisms will be considered in the context of universal calls for gender equity and an end to the exploitation of female labor and sexuality.

In 1990, The Coopers & Lybrand Consulting Group at the request of the Mining Association of Canada carried out a survey of reclamation regulations in selected countries and jurisdictions outside Canada. This initial study was later supplemented by data from Canadian provincial jurisdictions. This paper presents a summary of the findings of these studies and comparisons between the various jurisdictions. There has been a progression in various Mining Acts from legislation covering the safety aspects of mining and health to much more complex environmental concerns ranging from disturbance of flora and fauna to the ultimate reclamation of the areas affected by mining. Identification of and compliance with reclamation regulations, the funding of reclamation activities, and the responsibility of operator beyond the abandonment of the property are issues which are becoming of increasing concern to mine developers and operators ; Non UBC ; Unreviewed ; Other

Exploitation of female labor as well as more general issues of gender equity have emerged as universal concerns of nations in the past decade. Women's movements have been organized in most societies to address these problems & to demand more equitable conditions for women. Here, examples are drawn from a cross section of societies to illustrate several assumptions regarding women's rights & women's movements. Focus is on how constraints imposed by behavioral culture affect issue development & change mechanisms. Adapted from the source document.