Suchergebnisse

SummaryThe author considers whether humanitarian intervention can be justified even without express Security Council authorization. Starting with the statement of former Canadian Minister of Foreign Affairs Lloyd Axworthy that Canada intervened in Kosovo knowing that it did not have full legal justification, but feeling that such intervention was nevertheless morally justified, the author explores whether there is an evolving acceptance that explicit Security Council authorization is not necessary. He argues that an evolving reinterpretation of the Charter is appropriate such that, while Security Council authorization remains necessary for humanitarian intervention, there has to be flexibility in determining what constitutes authorization. In this respect, it would be important for a General Assembly declaration on legitimate humanitarian intervention to be in place in order to provide a baseline for interpreting a given Security Council resolution.

Implementation today often takes place indirectly; public service is now delivered through intricate administrative links among public, private, & nonprofit organizations, resulting in complex organizational networks. In this article, the author will draw on the literature of policy tools & implementation networks to empirically study the structure of the new collaborative public-service delivery systems. The policy area that has been selected for research is economic development. State governments, local governments, private business enterprises, & nonprofit organizations frequently collaborate in this policy area. This study will examine enterprise zones, specifically looking at the nature of public-private linkages, one of the more critical components in the management of policy implementation network structures. The author will also discuss the implications to public administration & the management of networks. 6 Exhibits, 57 References. Adapted from the source document.

The author first outlines the case for schools evaluating themselves and present the underlying philosophy and origins of a democratic case study approach to school self-evaluation. Secondly she explores purposes and process and suggests how schools might undertake this task, simply and efficiently taking into account the teaching load and responsibilities they carry. Thirdly she outlines the philosophy of a training programme designed to support schools in this process. Finally, the author examines how the process may be strengthened to include other citizens and to justify the integrity of school self-evaluation to the public, yet maintaining the emphasis on the school evaluating itself. She starts by locating the place of school self-evaluation in the governance of a democratic education system. (DIPF/Orig./Ba.).

Исследована деятельность судебных приставов органов юстиции субъектов Российской Федерации. Проанализирован закон Российской Федерации «Об исполнительном производстве». Раскрыты профессиональные качества, которыми должны обладать лица, назначаемые на должность судебного пристава. Проанализированы полномочия судебного пристава в Российской Федерации. Выявлены недостатки, имеющиеся в правовом статусе пристава-исполнителя. Сформулированы предложения по совершенствованию российского законодательства. ; The author researches the work of offices of the court in the organs of justice of the Russian Federation, analyzes the Law of the Russian Federation «On Executory Process», describes professional qualities that prospective candidates for the position of the officer of court should have. The author also analyzes the authority of the officer of the court and identifies the drawbacks in the officer's legal status. The paper contains suggestions on improving Russian legislation.

Contrary to repeated statements that Israel is a 'democratic state,' the author argues that it is an ethnocratic state. From its inception it has established a system of legal, political, residential and economic segregation of its Palestinian citizens. Since Israel has occupied the West Bank, Jerusalem and the Gaza Strip in 1967, these were subjected to a systematic Jewish colonization and Judaization, which were met with Palestinian resistance. Both created a spiral of political violence. Israel's 'industrial' state terror is now confronted with 'artisan's'' terror of frustrated Palestinian groups. The author is of the opinion that a highly defective 'peace' deal offered by the Israeli government of Ariel Sharon would have transformed the Palestinian state entity in a Bantustan-like cluster of would-be 'autonomous areas'.

Исследованы проблемы доступа к общественно значимой информации. Проанализированы правовые возможности граждан по доступу к информации. Рассмотрены обязанности должностных лиц органов государственной власти и местного самоуправления по обеспечению возможности ознакомления с документами и материалами, непосредственно затрагивающими права и свободы граждан. Представлены результаты опроса граждан об их отношении к реализации права доступа к информации о региональном законодательстве. ; The author researches the issues of accessing socially important information, analyzes the legal opportunities for citizens to assess such information. The author also describes the responsibilities of officers in state and local authorities to provide the opportunities to assess documents and materials that directly affect citizens' rights and freedoms. The paper presents the results of a survey of people's attitude to the exercise of the right to access information about regional legislation.

Much attention is currently being given to the relationship of land use and transportation. At the heart of this issue is the notion of urban sprawl: the wasteful use of undeveloped land on the fringes of urban regions. This article reviews the literature on urban sprawl and provides a historical background for understanding transportation systems in the United States. The author concludes that transportation policy entered a new period after the passage of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991, which required state transportation agencies and metropolitan planning organizations to work together in formulating transportation programs. The author examines the impact of the new approach to transportation and land use planning by examining changes in how transportation decisions are related to statewide and regional land use issues in Pennsylvania.

In this article the author explores the ways in which the media articulate discursive structure and lived experience through an analysis of the coverage of the 1999 Israeli national elections in one Israeli newspaper. Recent changes in Israeli electoral law unleashed new social forces that granted major political influence to ethnic parties. The renewed salience of (Jewish) ethnicity clashes, however, with dominant discourses of national identity, according to which a unitary Israeli identity subsumes particularistic Jewish ethnicities, while silencing Palestinian identity. Such changes imply an important role for the Israeli media, which has traditionally marked identity difference through distinct regimes for the expression and control of affect. The author examines constructions of affect, and their inscription onto particular social identities, in Yediot Ahronot , Israel's widest-circulation daily.

AbstractThis article is concerned with the significance of personal relationships in contemporary social life, principally drawing on recent British research. After reviewing traditional sociological theories concerning the impact of economic transformations on family and community ties, the author examines the character of couple and family commitment in the context of the radical demographic changes that have been occurring, particularly in patterns of family formation and dissolution. Relating these changes to theories of "late modernity," the author assesses their implications for the relevance of personal relationships in general, and friendship in particular, in contemporary social formations. The author's argument is that far from becoming socially marginal as dominant theories generally imply, personal relationships are likely to become increasingly significant as social life becomes more fragmented and less predictable.

The purpose of this article is to provide one possible answer to the question of how ethnography can remain useful in the age of globalization in which the assumption of a well-bounded site is harder to maintain than ever. The author bases the answer on the example of research, a historical study of the concept of waste involving the case study of a siting controversy around a planned waste incinerator in Hungary. The author argues that George Marcus's solution to the problem above is limited and instead suggests to redefine the concept of ethnographic site by adopting Doreen Massey's global sense of place. The article tackles two political implications of this choice: the subject position of the ethnographer in multiple fields and the consequences for a critical environmental sociology.

A preserved movie theater in Tampa, Florida, provides an interpretive site for investigating and untangling the meanings of popular memory, nostal gia, and ghosts. By making sense of interviews with theater employees and patrons, chasing a ghost, and investigating personal experiences in the the ater, the author discovers that the past that is located within the auditorium is the collision of both sanctioned, fixed histories and individual, wander ing meanings. Although nostalgia may help to guide consumption of the past, the storied particulars of individuals also help create the meanings of history. Ghost stories become a metaphor for the intersection between these fixed and wandering meanings. The author argues that this metaphor helps us make sense of the many contradictions that we confront as we consume the past.

While scholars recognize that the media devote significant attention to electoral expectations, most notably in the form of horse race coverage, little is known about the content of and variance in these media expectations. In this article, the author argues that the media's reporting on electoral expectations should vary in sensible and meaningful ways. In particular, he examines the basis for media expectations, the extent of this coverage, and how expectations coverage varies across electoral settings and over the course of elections. Based on an analysis of the media coverage of eight gubernatorial elections, the author demonstrates that while electoral expectations are a significant component of campaign coverage, the media expectations environment is less uniform than is typically assumed and that this variance in electoral expectations matters politically.