Suchergebnisse

As climate change becomes accepted as a reality in the scientific community, it is critical to continue to understand its impact on the ground, particularly for communities dependent on agriculture and natural resources. This report reviews the extensive literature on the vulnerability to climate change in South Asia, with a focus on gender. It highlights how vulnerability is intricately connected to existing social structures. With respects to gender inequalities, the report reviews how men and women are affected in different ways by climate shocks, while differing access to resources and cultural ideologies mean that their capacity to 'adapt' is also not equal. The report also notes the importance of other axes of inequality (caste, class and ethnicity) in shaping gendered vulnerability. It concludes by offering insights into potential ways forward to promote more equitable adaptation to change through improved policies and practices.

In the current environment of higher education, universities face the challenge of fostering resilience in graduate students, a crucial element for their academic success and personal development. This study focuses on analyzing the factors that contribute to resilience in graduate students at the State University of Milagro (UNEMI). A mixed-methodological approach was used, integrating quantitative and qualitative analyses of data collected through questionnaires applied to students from three different master's programs. The research, exploratory and descriptive in nature, adopted a non-experimental and cross-sectional design, which allowed for data collection at a specific point in time, without altering variables. The sample consisted of 733 students, utilizing a detailed questionnaire and qualitative analyses for in-depth interpretation. The electronic distribution of the questionnaires facilitated broad participation. The results, structured into seven subscales, revealed significant variations in student experiences across different disciplines. These differences underline the need for educational policies tailored to the specific characteristics of each field of study. Subtle but important differences in the perception of resilience and well-being between genders were observed, highlighting the importance of more inclusive educational approaches. Factorial analysis provided a detailed view of how various factors impact aspects such as health, well-being, motivation, and student satisfaction. It is concluded that this holistic approach is key to understanding the complexity of the university experience and developing educational strategies that promote comprehensive and enriching learning.

Received: 17 January 2024 / Accepted: 6 April 2024 / Published: 5 May 2024

The administrative act, a legal institution of rare preeminence in any legal system of the democratic world, represents a symbol of the structured activity of administration. It involves the manner of transposing the imperative, unequivocal, and unidirectional will of superordinate state structures into objective reality. This will enters specialized legal relations and is characterized by the exercise of public power.
The administrative act represents, in this manner, a representative and well-defined means of imposing the will of organized state structures at every level of society by transposing informed but conceptualized will into a materialized and easily perceptible resort.
As conceptualized in Romanian doctrine, the specific act of administrative law represents the primary and revealing form of public administration activity. It is the only legal act issued/adopted by authorities, institutions, or other public bodies that produces concrete effects concerning its recipients and beyond.
However, this distinct type of legal act is characterized by a series of distinctive features that individualize it within the framework of internal legal relations and reveal its specific aspects, as well as the effects emanating from its content.
Not all administrative acts have the same form, structure, effects, characteristics, purposes, and certainly, not all have the same impact on the individualized legal order at the level of society.
Therefore, in specialized doctrine followed by the practice of national courts, a series of distinct criteria have been imposed for crystallizing distinct typologies of administrative acts.

The aim of this paper is to assess how inflation affects the financial performance of businesses operating in Kosovo. More precisely, the impact of inflation and profit tax on the profitability of businesses is analysed, as well as the relationship between the profitability of businesses with the inflation level, the profit tax, the net wages level and the GDP level of Kosovo for the period 2018 - 2021. In this study, the quantitative approach was applied and the descriptive and verification method was used as the research method. Analyses performed include linear regression analysis and linear trend analysis. The data used in the research are secondary data provided by the financial statements of businesses operating in Kosovo published by the Ministry of Finance, Labour and Transfers. The research sample included 120 businesses. The results of this study show that, for the analysed period 2018 - 2021, inflation and profit tax have a positive impact on the profitability of businesses in Kosovo, as well as there is a positive relationship between the profitability of businesses with the inflation level, the tax on profit, the net wages level and the GDP level in Kosovo. This study contributes to the literature as evidence that makes clear the impact of inflation on the profitability of businesses in Kosovo and can serve as a good basis for other researchers who analyse similar aspects in the future.

Received: 20 March 2023 / Accepted: 13 June 2023 / Published: 5 July 2023

Maker-Centered Project Based Learning is one of the developed learning models that emphasize the concept of stimulation to develop students' creativity, productivity, and innovation. This learning model is suitable because it has a positive simulation value to encourage students to solve real-life problems. Therefore, this research focuses on examining the application of the Maker-Centered Project-Based Learning Model in student lecture activities to improve graphic design skills and student learning activities. This research uses a quasi-experimental method with a Posttest-only Control technique through a quantitative approach. A total of 68 students were involved in this research, with 34 students for each control class experimental class. The sampling technique used in this research is cluster random sampling. Student project assessment sheets consisting of 2 aspects, namely graphic design skills and Student Learning Activities, were used to collect data. The results showed that students' graphic design skills and active learning increased significantly after applying the Maker-Centered Project-Based Learning Model with a 95% confidence level. In its application, the Maker-Centered Project-Based Learning model can give real meaning to life for students. Realizing the goals of human life requires an active role from oneself, which is supported by the role of other individuals from outside oneself. In addition, the application of maker-centered project-based learning on the creator can significantly increase student learning activity.

Received: 18 September 2021 / Accepted: 9 February 2022 / Published: 5 May 2022

Abstract
The paper concerns a longitudinal empirical study aiming to establish the relation between certain factors that facilitate (or sometimes hinder) academic achievement such as motivation to study, the cognitive strategies employed and the levels of wellness or distress expressed by indicators like anxiety and depression. It thus aimed to identify the role of these factors on the risk of student drop-out. The study was carried out on a sample of 68 self-selected students enrolled in various degree courses at "Roma Tre" University, who had fully completed the three consecutive surveys geared to investigating their academic experience over a one-year period. The measurement tools used assessed: a) "drop-out intentions" (Hardre & Reeve Scale, 2003); b) "wellness/distress levels", (Adult Self-Report ASR; Achenbach & Rescorla, 2003); c) cognitive/study strategies (self-regulated knowledge; Manganelli, Alivernini, Mallia & Biasi, 2015); d) motivational aspects (Academic Motivation Scale AMS, validated in Italy by Alivernini and Lucidi (2008). The results show how that the drop-out risk is linked to high levels of depression or distress, poor competence in cognitive strategies adopted, and high levels of "Amotivation" and "External Motivation". On the basis of the above empirical evidence we propose starting up specific ongoing actions within the university guidance services in order to simultaneously improve wellbeing through emotional support, redefine decisions in the study path in line with personal motivation, and develop adequate cognitive strategies to devise a functional study method.

La gestion des rendez-vous dans un service médical spécialisé. Organisation et communication en régime de «surcharge cognitive».

L'article traite les pratiques organisationnelles et discursives durant des aspects ordinaires mais souvent négligés de la prestation de soins médicaux: les problèmes d'organisation du temps dans un service médical spécialisé. Un problème typique survient lorsque les patients ne se présentent pas et que beaucoup de temps (et d'argent) est perdu, ou lorsqu'un patient doit être « glissé » dans un planning déjà surchargé de traitements et de rendez-vous confirmés. Ceci implique de consacrer moins de temps aux patients et/ou de les faire attendre plus longtemps. Pour les organisations de santé (Health Maintenance Organizations, HMO) aux États-Unis, l'absence aux rendez-vous peut perturber les procédures bureaucratiques car le service des rendez-vous peut se trouver géographiquement éloigné de l'unité de soins médicaux. Le personnel de bureau peut appeler d'autres patients pour remplacer les rendez-vous annulés. Enfin, cet article discute l'idée de « surcharge cognitive » au cours d'expériences personnelles et interpersonnelles de tension sur le lieu de travail, par exemple lorsque les exigences des tâches attribuées au personnel excèdent leur capacité à y répondre « en douceur» ou sans effort à l'aide des ressources qui sont à leur disposition immédiate. L'idée de «surcharge cognitive» permet de comprendre comment, dans des conditions de travail où la collaboration est difficile, des stratégies discursives et motrices sont nécessaires pour répondre aux besoins organisationnels qui pèsent sur les ressources individuelles et collectives.

"This handbook provides a comprehensive and cutting-edge strengths-based resource to the subject of Indigenous resilience. Indigenous Peoples demonstrate considerable resilience despite the social, health, economic, and political disparities they experience within surrounding settler societies. This book considers Indigenous resilience in many forms: cultural, spiritual, and governance traditions remain in some communities and are being revitalized in others to reclaim aspects of their cultures that have been outlawed, suppressed, or undermined. It explores how Indigenous people advocate for social justice and work to shape settler societies in ways that create a more just, fair, and equitable world for all human and non-human beings. Divided into five sections: From the Past to the Future, Pillars of Indigeneity, The Power in Indigenous Identities, The Natural World, Reframing the Narrative: From Problem to Opportunity and comprised of 25 newly commissioned chapters from Indigenous scholars, professionals and community members from traditions around the world, this book will be a useful tool for anyone seeking a deeper understanding of manifestations of wellness and resilience. This handbook will be of particular interest to all scholars, students and practitioners of social work, social care and human services more broadly, as well as those working in sociology, development studies and environmental sustainability"--

"The modern Chinese state has traditionally affected every major aspect of domestic society. With the growing liberalization of the economy, coupled with increasingly complex social issues, there is a belief that the state is retreating from an array of social problems from health to the environment. Yet, a survey of China's contemporary political landscape today reveals not only a central state which plays an active role in managing social problems, but also new state actors at the local level which are increasingly seeking to partner with various non-governmental organizations or social associations. This book looks at how NGOs, social organizations, business associations, trade unions, and religious associations interact with the state, and explores how social actors have negotiated the influence of the state at both national and local levels. It further examines how a corporatist understanding of state-society relations can be reformulated, as old and new social stakeholders play a greater role in managing contemporary social issues. The book goes on to chart the differences in how the state behaves locally and centrally, and finally discusses the future direction of the corporatist state. Drawing on a range of sources from recent fieldwork and the latest data, this timely collection will appeal to students and scholars working in the fields of Chinese politics, Chinese economics and Chinese society."

Las transformaciones urbanas en zonas consideradas de conflicto constituyen un mecanismo de política urbana que incide en la participación comunitaria, el mejoramiento del espacio público, la movilidad y la consolidación habitacional de un determinado territorio. Más allá de los impactos que puedan generar en esos ámbitos, los equipamientos, las infraestructuras, los programas y proyectos sociales que se desarrollan permiten inhibir el crimen y brindar seguridad. En este caso se aborda la puesta en marcha del sistema de transporte Metrocable y la ejecución del Proyecto Urbano Integral en una de las zonas de la ciudad con menores Índices de Desarrollo Humano y más altos índices de criminalidad. Los desarrollos urbanísticos en las comunas 1 y 2 de Medellín son una manifestación de la presencia estatal y de la gobernabilidad en zonas donde ha primado el conflicto por abandono histórico del estado. En ellas se han concentrado actores del crimen como: delincuencia común, delincuencia organizada y grupos de control paraestatal, que se disputan el control del territorio y el tráfico de estupefacientes. Se parte de la premisa de que las transformaciones urbanas han tenido incidencia sobre el crimen, por lo tanto, este trabajo busca determinar cómo el Metrocable y el Proyecto Urbano Integral afectan la actividad criminal en una zona de la ciudad considerada como conflictiva. Por un lado cómo este sistema de transporte y sus obras complementarias disuaden el crimen en la zona de estudio puesto que estas actividades restan incentivos a los delincuentes por el incremento de la presencia de la fuerza pública, mejoramiento del espacio público y mayor flujo de personas en el área. Por otro lado, entender la generación de efectos espaciales de desplazamiento del crimen en las vecindades del área de influencia, son los propósitos perseguidos ; Maestría

AbstractAdam Smith had a longstanding interest in colonialism and more generally relations between Europe and the rest of the world. It was through engagement with these issues that he worked through some of the central elements of his thought. This paper examines both Smith's contexts and our own and argues that Smith's work provides an important resource for reflecting today on relations with distant and diverse others today. It identifies three aspects of Smith's thought that are particularly relevant: the political and economic costs of colonial ventures to the colonisers themselves, the question of whether and how imperialism had encouraged 'progress', and the question of how social and cultural differences should be understood and judged. The paper teases out Smith's sometimes uncertain arguments in these areas and suggests that they can contribute to our own reflections on the troubled practices of liberal imperialism.

Poor people, poor places -- Chicago : economic and social transformation of an urban metropolis -- The study of population -- Family matters : turning points from orientation to procreation -- Doles and safety nets : public assistance and income support -- Makin' a living : employment opportunity in the inner city -- The contours of opportunity

Cultural Psychiatry with emphasis on its impact on etio-pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical practice, preventive and research activities are topics discussed in this publication which give readers a general conceptual perspective of this field. Cultural aspects of psychiatric diagnosis in DSM-5 in particular and the current status of Cultural Psychiatry in European countries are discussed. Of unique importance to the field of psychosomatics are the reviews on so-called culture-bound syndromes and somatization and culture. Ethnopsychopharmacology, pharmacogenomics, current and future research perspectives in Cultural Psychiatry and bioethical dimensions of cultural psychosomatics are also reviewed. The volume closes with an epilogue and conclusions resulting from the examined topics.Psychiatrists, psychologists, social scientists and other mental health professionals involved in clinical practice and research groups as well as trainees and students will find that this publication provides a cogent perspective of current practice and research issues about a field that has enormous clinical relevance and which, until recently, has been systematically neglected

Infants' Sense of People focusses on infants during their first year of life, exploring how they begin to think about other people, their feelings, emotions and intentions, and how they become aware of these aspects of their own development. Drawing on a broad range of research and developmental theory, Maria Legerstee takes the view that infants have an innate sense of people at birth, which is activated through sympathetic emotions. She questions the idea that infants use physical parameters such as contingencies or motion to distinguish people from objects, and rejects the assumption that infants are mechanical creatures before they become psychological ones. She argues persuasively that before infants learn to speak, interactions with others are possible because infants have a primitive pre-linguistic 'theory of mind'. This accessible book provides a valuable synthesis of current thinking on early social and cognitive development and the origins of theory of mind

In the global knowledge economy of the twenty-first century, India's development policy challenges will require it to use knowledge more effectively to raise the productivity of agriculture, industry, and services and reduce poverty. India has made tremendous strides in its economic and social development in the past two decades. Its impressive growth in recent years-8.2 percent in 2003-can be attributed to the far-reaching reforms embarked on in 1991 and to opening the economy to global competition. In addition, India can count on a number of strengths as it strives to transform itself into a