Suchergebnisse

Soziale Medien wie Wikis, Weblogs und soziale Netzwerke kommen zunehmend auch unternehmensintern zum Einsatz. Unternehmen versprechen sich von »Enterprise 2.0« eine effektivere Kommunikation, eine Verbesserung des Wissensmanagements sowie die Steigerung ihrer Attraktivität für junge Bewerber_innen. Vernachlässigt wurde bisher jedoch die Frage, wie sich Arbeitsbedingungen und Anforderungen aus Sicht der Beschäftigten ändern und welche Herausforderungen sich für die betriebliche Mitbestimmung ergeben. Auf der Basis von Unternehmensfallstudien präsentiert das Buch Ergebnisse zu den Erfahrungen, Anforderungen und Umgangsweisen von Beschäftigten und Interessenvertretungen mit Social Media. Tanja Carstensen (Dr. phil.) forscht als Soziologin an der Technischen Universität Hamburg-Harburg, Arbeitsgruppe Arbeit-Gender-Technik, zu den Schwerpunkten Internetforschung, Arbeits- und Techniksoziologie sowie Geschlechterforschung.

"What is 'social capital'? The enormous positivity surrounding it conceals the instrumental economic rationality underpinning the notion as corporations silently sell consumer data for profit. Status chasing is just one aspect of a process of transforming qualitative aspects of social interactions into quantifiable metrics for easier processing, prediction, and behavioural shaping. A work of critical media studies, Social Capital Online examines the idea within the new 'network spectacle' of digital capitalism via the ideas of Marx, Veblen, Debord, Baudrillard and Deleuze. Explaining how such phenomena as online narcissism and aggression arise, Faucher offers a new theoretical understanding of how the spectacularisation of online activity perfectly aligns with the value system of neoliberalism and its data worship. Even so, at the centre of all, lie familiar ideas – alienation and accumulation – new conceptions of which he argues are vital for understanding today's digital society."

In the article explores the concept of fiscal policy, the essence of state regulation of social and economic development as a process of inclusion of the state in the economic sphere of society through of fiscal policy. Defines types of fiscal policy. ; В статье исследуется понятие фискальной политики, раскрывается сущность государственного регулирования социально-экономического развития как процесса включения государства в экономическую сферу общества посредством бюджетно-налоговой политики. Даются определения видов фискальной политики.

This book explores some of the projects on which robotic engineers are presently working and the possible futures generated by the development of artificial intelligence. Its main focus is on the social dimensions of robotics. It examines sociological, economic, ethical, and political problems related to the developments of industrial, domestic, entertainment, and military robotics.

Social media greatly enables people to participate in online activities and shatters the barrier for online users to create and share information at any place at any time. However, the explosion of user-generated content poses novel challenges for online users to find relevant information, or, in other words, exacerbates the information overload problem. On the other hand, the quality of user-generated content can vary dramatically from excellence to abuse or spam, resulting in a problem of information credibility. The study and understanding of trust can lead to an effective approach to addressing both information overload and credibility problems. Trust refers to a relationship between a trustor (the subject that trusts a target entity) and a trustee (the entity that is trusted). In the context of social media, trust provides evidence about with whom we can trust to share information and from whom we can accept information without additional verification. With trust, we make the mental shortcut by directly seeking information from trustees or trusted entities, which serves a two-fold purpose: without being overwhelmed by excessive information (i.e., mitigated information overload) and with credible information due to the trust placed on the information provider (i.e., increased information credibility). Therefore, trust is crucial in helping social media users collect relevant and reliable information, and trust in social media is a research topic of increasing importance and of practical significance. This book takes a computational perspective to offer an overview of characteristics and elements of trust and illuminate a wide range of computational tasks of trust. It introduces basic concepts, deliberates challenges and opportunities, reviews state-of-the-art algorithms, and elaborates effective evaluation methods in the trust study. In particular, we illustrate properties and representation models of trust, elucidate trust prediction with representative algorithms, and demonstrate real-world applications where trust is explicitly used. As a new dimension of the trust study, we discuss the concept of distrust and its roles in trust computing

This article explores the way the 'native' ethnographer's location within the nation, and the nation's location within the global level, affects the production of knowledge. The production of knowledge emanates from the interplay of subjectivities and the author takes this up in this article. Representation is a situated political act which is manifest in the choice of theories, methodologies and linguistic codes made by researchers. Exogenously trained 'indigenous' researchers tend to appropriate and in so doing adapt 'western' enunciative codes to help them in their attempt to define a situated identity. The issue that is raised in this essay is whether this helps transform scientific conceptualizations and/or just helps to consolidate the power of one type knowledge over other forms of knowledge/s. ; peer-reviewed

The article discusses major threats that the Western society has hadto deal with after the end of the Cold War. This issue seems to be of particularconcern due to the fact that nowadays certain new trends in the world of geopolitics can be observed. Due to the change in the global balance of power afterthe year 1991, the role of the main geostrategic actors has also changed whilenew actors have begun to appear. Among the new challenges for the geostrategic position of the West there are the military ambitions of the Russian Federation and the economic hegemonic aspirations of China. Other threats includeterrorism, mass migration, transnational organized crime, infectious diseases,and environmental degradation.