Suchergebnisse

Einschätzung der Gefahr des Kommunismus innerhalb und außerhalb der USA
durch lokale Eliten. Einstellung zur Einschränkung bürgerlicher
Freiheitsrechte, um diese Bedrohung abzuwenden.

Themen: Lebenszufriedenheit; wichtigste persönliche und politische
Probleme; wichtigste Gesprächsthemen mit Bekannten und Freunden;
Einschätzung der Gefahr des Kommunismus in der Welt und der Gefahr
eines neuen Krieges; präferiertes Verhalten gegenüber der Sowjetunion;
Einstellung zur Rüstungsbegrenzung; Charakterisierung amerikanische
Kommunisten; Einschätzung der Gefahr durch inneramerikanischer
Kommunisten; Einstellung zur Begrenzung bürgerlicher Freiheitsrechte
zur Bekämpfung von Kommunisten; Einstellung zu Kommunisten (Skala);
Toleranz und Konformität; Vermutungen über die Informiertheit des FBI
über die Kommunisten im Lande; Einstellung zur Beschäftigung von
Kommunisten im Bildungssystem; Beurteilung der Arbeit des Congressional
Committees bzw. Nixon-Komitees; Erziehungsstil; Mediennutzung;
Parteipräferenz; Religiosität.

Demographie: Beruf; Konfession; Schulbildung; regionale Herkunft;
soziale Herkunft; Familienstand; Militärdienst; Parteimitgliedschaft;
Alter (klassiert); Geschlecht.

Interviewerrating: Rasse und Position des Befragten.

Though there has been a great deal of discussion of communism & fascism, much less attention has been devoted to their mutual relations. Early relations of the two movements & the possible influence of communism on fascism are discussed, together with their early polemics against, & interpretations of, each other. After an examination of the relations between fascist Italy & the Soviet Union, the differences between communism's "first" & "second" anti-fascisms are analyzed. The Nazi-Soviet pact of 1939 produced major temporary changes, but the Nazi-Soviet war of 1941-1945 proved decisive for both movements. Maintenance of the antifascist banner remained a major feature of Soviet policy & propaganda throughout the post-WWII era, But the eventual Sinn-Soviet split produced recurrent mutual charges of "fascism" by each of the two major communist powers against each other. The article concludes with discussion of the dialectic between fascism & communism & of the extent of their common characteristics. Adapted from the source document.

This chapter examines the history of the Vietnamese Communist Party [VCP] from its origins in 1930 until contemporary times. I argue that, for a period of around forty years, the VCP tried to reconcile two antagonistic positions. It stressed the necessity of divisive, even violent, class-based struggles in politics and economic life and, at the same time, continually called for national unity against France and the US. At the Sixth Party Congress in 1986, the VCP resolved this tension by introducing the policy of 'renovation' (đổi mới), which is responsible for the shift in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam [SRV] from socialism to 'market' socialism (chủ nghĩa xã hội thị trường). No longer focused on the dynamics of class, the VCP now emphasizes morality and culture, even though some socialist structures remain in place. The circulation of two symbols clearly articulates this new path. The hammer and sickle signals reverence for Lenin, an indebtedness to his idea of the vanguard party, and respect for Soviet-style communism more generally. The lotus bloom alludes to more primordial patterns. Both icons are similarly pervasive. This chapter is divided into three parts. Part I clarifies the contexts in which Vietnamese communism emerged and the Party's formative years. Part II concentrates on the Indochina Wars (1946-1975) and the period after national reunification in 1976 when the SRV tried to 'protect' socialism in the North and 'build' socialism in the South. Part III centers on the period since the Sixth Party Congress (1986), when the Government and Party systematically dismantled communes, cooperatives, collectives, and many state-owned enterprises as well. When the VCP was established in 1930 it had one principal goal: uproot and eradicate the status quo. Now its overriding aim is to maintain it.

In 1931 the Workers Cultural Federation declared: ''Art is a weapon.'' Within six months the New Dance Group (NDG) premiered in New York City. The following year it appeared as a member of the Worker's Dance League and deployed the slogan ''The Dance is a Weapon of the Class Struggle.'' The NDG program notes explained: ''The working class is growing in number, growing in strength, and growing in knowledge. It is simultaneously developing itself and its weapons. One of its most important weapons is our modern revolutionary dance.'' The NDG and WDL dancers brought Communist propaganda tools to cultural projects.

As a philosophy for the masses, Karl Marx, combined the essential components of both socialism and nationalism to create an ideology that would aid in shaping the latter part of the Twentieth Century: Communism. Many facets of a country's political culture combine to compose the overall environment of a country. The manipulation of these components is how communists were able to develop and dominant within these countries. There are three countries that represent the extreme spectrum of the communist takeover: Bulgaria, with its historic ties to Russia, Poland, with Russia as its traditional adversary, and Yugoslavia, which developed communism completely independent of Russia and did not bend to Moscow's rule. While communism too different paths to get established, each nation felt a desire for change and a feeling of despair and failure with Western political ideology. These sentiments were evident in the different sectors of the culture during the development, establishment, and domination of the communist party. The elements most important for communist rule are the tensions between the majority ethnicity and the multiplicity of ethnic minorities, the focus of individuality versus communalism and the economic status of the country at the end of WWII versus the initial performance of the communist governments. Other factors include the development, actions, and platform of the communist party, the relationship of the communist party with the Soviet Union, and the use of the military in the communist takeover. although these differed in each country, the outcome was the same by 1948: communist rule. ; A Thesis submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation with Honors in the Major. ; Spring Semester, 2011. ; April 18, 2011.