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"This book asserts the emergence of the fourth era of entrepreneurship, based on a brain-driven approach to the study, instruction, and practice of entrepreneurship. This paradigm shift stems from the need to incorporate appropriate neuro-technologies into the exploration and enhancement of entrepreneurial phenomena in order to best address the field's methodological challenges. The author explains why a paradigm shift is necessary in the field of entrepreneurship and provides the foundational guidelines for those interested in implementing it. Furthermore, a model of entrepreneurial enhancement is conceptualized and signalled as the ultimate goal of this new era. Scholars, practitioners, policymakers, and students interested in advancing entrepreneurship's contribution to academia, business, and society at large will benefit from this new era's multidisciplinary perspective and unique strengths"--

"The growth of entrepreneurship research has been accompanied by an increased convergence and institutionalization of the field. In many ways this is of course positive, but it also represents how the field has become 'mainstream' with the concomitant risk that individual scholars become embedded in a culture and incentive system that emphasizes and rewards incremental research questions, while reducing the incentives for scholars to conduct challenging research. This book challenges this status quo from accepted theories, methodologies and paradigmatic assumptions, to the relevance (or lack of) for contemporary practice and the impact of key journals on scholars' directions in entrepreneurship research. An invited selection of the younger generation of scholars within the field of entrepreneurship research adopt a critical and constructive posture on what has been achieved in entrepreneurship research, the main assumptions which underly it, but also open-up new paths for creative entrepreneurship research in the future. This is a must-read for all scholars, educators and advanced students in entrepreneurship research."--Publisher's website

Entrepreneurship in the Region approaches many different aspects of entrepreneurship from a regional perspective. The regional influences on entrepreneurship analyzed entail regional peculiarities and disparities in new business formation processes, the success and the employment effects of new firms, the importance of social capital and of network structures as well as entrepreneurship education and training provided in the regions. The articles in this book provide strong evidence for the importance of regional factors that shape entrepreneurship and new firm formation processes. It is shown that regional differences of start-up rates and entrepreneurial attitudes are not at all elusive but tend to be rather persistent and prevail over longer periods of time. The evidence clearly suggests that the regional level can be an appropriate starting point for entrepreneurship policy and that research on the issue may considerably benefit from properly accounting for the spatial dimension.

MADEN EYIUSTA, CEYDA/0000-0002-6505-8698 ; WOS:000214071700003 ; Purpose - This study aims to shed light on women's entrepreneurship in Turkey by focusing on the profile of women entrepreneurs, key drivers behind their decision to establish their own business, challenges they face while initiating and running their business and support mechanisms for women entrepreneurs. Design/methodology/approach - Semi-structured interviews were conducted by ten successful women entrepreneurs in Turkey. Survey forms were also sent to the representatives of four different organizations that support women entrepreneurship. Three completed survey forms were received back from these organizations. Four key areas that originate from the research question (i.e. profile, drivers, problems and support mechanisms) have constituted the basis of the semi-structured interview guide and that of thematic analysis. Findings - The results have revealed that there are important similarities among Turkish women entrepreneurs with respect to their personality traits or characteristics. Successful women entrepreneurs in Turkey were described as being persistent and determined, patient, mentally strong and visionary and innovative. The interviews also revealed that exploiting unique opportunities in the business environment, working for the good of society and being independent in one's decisions and actions are the major factors behind Turkish women entrepreneurs' decision to become entrepreneurs. On the other hand, finding and managing capital emerged as the most important problem for women entrepreneurs in Turkey despite the existence of various support mechanisms. Finally, the findings showed that the majority of women entrepreneurs in Turkey use traditional ways (i. e. governmental and non-governmental support mechanisms and banks) to get financial support. Family members and business partners are the other sources of financial support, which may also provide moral support to women entrepreneurs. Research limitations/implications - The generalizability of the findings is limited, as the study is exploratory, rather than causal in nature. Practical implications - This study provides certain recommendations to the interested parties, such as policymakers, to create a proper economic, social, political, cultural and legal environment for women in which they can freely and willingly go into and run business. Originality/value - The paper fills an important gap in the literature by systematically reviewing the extant literature on women entrepreneurship in Turkey and combining and comparing the prior findings with qualitative data derived from the interviews with ten successful women entrepreneurs.

Emerging Paradigms in International Entrepreneurship identifies key themes that collectively demonstrate the convergence of thinking at the interface between the disciplines of international business and entrepreneurship. These are: development of the field and the effects of international entrepreneurship on a new economy; conceptual and paradigmatic developments; international entrepreneurship and the internet as a developing research agenda; contacts links and networks as process driven internationalisation; cross-sectoral, cross-national and cross-cultural comparisons of entrepreneurship; and the experiential emphasis in entrepreneurial internationalisation

This paper addresses the concept of serendipity in entrepreneurship, defined as search leading to unintended discovery. It conceptually delineates serendipity, showing how it is related to the entrepreneurship literature on prior knowledge and systematic search. The paper also discusses how serendipitous entrepreneurship relates to some aspects of evolutionary theory, socio-economic institutions, and social psychology. It is suggested that serendipity may be a quite prevalent feature of entrepreneurship and thus has implications for both research and practice.

This book explores different aspects of entrepreneurship from both an academic and a commercial point of view. The first chapter the university culture is considered. The nature of the technology or service is important. Some technologies are adaptive, in that they are developing products that are already in the marketplace, and these fit easily in academic institutions. Other technologies are disruptive and new products must be developed. These fit less easily into university structures since a commercial entity is required. Chapter 4 considers the important requirements of conflict of interest (COI). Either the university culture or COI can hinder or aid entrepreneurial faculty. The second chapter deals with the reasons why an individual faculty might wish to become entrepreneurial. In many cases, a faculty member wants to see their technology in practice and not just a publication in a scientific journal. If a technology is disruptive, then a commercial entity is probably essential. If so, then funding must be obtained. There are valleys of death where scientific discoveries to useful products and (2) the development, production and marketing of a commercially viable product. Chapter 6 deals specifically with methods of funding start-up companies. Chapter 3 describes several innovative programs in biology. These include genetic approaches, plant management systems and the authors own program that deals with microbial approaches to sustainable agriculture. Chapter 5 describes the crucial areas of agreements, contracts, regulatory affairs and patents. These legal documents are critical components of entrepreneurial efforts and must be understood and pursued correctly. Finally, this book could have been entitled "things I wish I had known when I first started commercial activities." It is my hope that it can make the path of fledgling entrepreneurial smoother and more successful.

Historically, entrepreneurs have always played a central role in the development of nation states. Aside from rentier states, which depend extensively on the availability of mineral resource rents, most economically prosperous nations in the world have strong, innovative and competitive business enterprises and entrepreneurs as the bedrock of their economic development and prosperity. It was arguably because of the above historical fact that the World Bank in 1989 declared that entrepreneurs will play a central role in transforming African economies. Chapters in this book contribute to our understanding of the theory, structure and practice of entrepreneurship in diverse African countries. Case studies examined include: African multinational banks and businesses, female entrepreneurs, culture and entrepreneurship, finance and entrepreneurship and SMEs.

2.9. ConclusionsReferences; Chapter 3 Agricultural Entrepreneurship And Development; 3.1. Introduction; 3.2. The Exclusion Of Agriculture From Entrepreneurship Research; 3.3. Developing Synergies Between Entrepreneurship And Agriculture; 3.4. The Separation Of Agriculture And Industry; 3.5. The Focus On Entrepreneurial Opportunities And Resources; 3.6. Innovations In Food Production And Distribution; 3.7. Agricultural Entrepreneurship And Its Spatial Context; 3.8. What Can Agriculture Do For Development