Progress toward the millennium development goals in Africa
In: World development: the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development, Volume 31, Issue 1, p. 23-52
ISSN: 0305-750X
1054983 results
Sort by:
In: World development: the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development, Volume 31, Issue 1, p. 23-52
ISSN: 0305-750X
World Affairs Online
World Affairs Online
Sustainable development refers to a mode of humandevelopment in which resource use aims to meet human needs while ensuring the sustainability of natural systems and the environment, so that these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for generations to come. Sustainable development encompasses four domains -economic, ecological, political and cultural sustainability. In order to have a sustainable world, it is very important to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The role of mass media has been phenomenal in eradicating extreme poverty and hunger. Today, attaining Universal Primary Education has been on the top of the agenda of every government. Today women are more empowered, there is reduction in the Child Mortality Rates and improvement in maternal health which have been possible due to the intervention of mass media. Further, media have been able to create ample awareness across the globe in combating HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases. To achieve MDGs, it is very essential to have a global partnership for development wherein developed countries contribute for the progress of developing countries. Through its preventive, curative, rehabilitative, developmental and correctional approach, mass media have become a key stakeholder contributing to move towards accomplishing the MDGs. The paper discusses on role of mass media in realizing all the eight MDGs.
BASE
In: https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:43b94c47-712f-4c0a-bfdf-878adbd032f0
Millennium development goal (MDG) of poverty reduction aims for halving of the head-count ratio over the period 1990-2015. Available studies draw attention to the gap between observed and required growth rates, the difficulties of sustaining the latter over time, and whether the policy stance of a government makes a difference to its overall performance. Trade-offs between growth and redistribution in achieving the MDG have also been examined. The present study builds on earlier work in several respects. A two-stage procedure is developed in which income per capita depends on agricultural GDP, a measure of openness of the economy, and regional characteristics in the first stage, and poverty depends on the (estimated) income per capita, a measure of income inequality, and regional characteristics in the second stage. Alternative estimation techniques - including a panel data method- have been employed to check the robustness of the results. The feasibility of halving poverty is examined at the global, regional and country levels. The gaps between required and observed growth rates of aggregate and agricultural income, and the trade-offs between growth and redistribution of income are assessed. While doubts persist about the feasibility of halving poverty in some regions, the results bring into sharper relief the potential of redistribution in achieving this goal.
BASE
In: https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d4bb60d3-9234-49fd-8ff8-3a2a9090a61e
Millennium development goal (MDG) of poverty reduction aims for halving of the head-count ratio over the period 1990-2015. Available studies draw attention to the gap between observed and required growth rates, the difficulties of sustaining the latter over time, and whether the policy stance of a government makes a difference to its overall performance. Trade-offs between growth and redistribution in achieving the MDG have also been examined. The present study builds on earlier work in several respects. A two-stage procedure is developed in which income per capita depends on agricultural GDP, a measure of openness of the economy, and regional characteristics in the first stage, and poverty depends on the (estimated) income per capita, a measure of income inequality, and regional characteristics in the second stage. Alternative estimation techniques – including a panel data method- have been employed to check the robustness of the results. The feasibility of halving poverty is examined at the global, regional and country levels. The gaps between required and observed growth rates of aggregate and agricultural income, and the trade-offs between growth and redistribution of income are assessed. While doubts persist about the feasibility of halving poverty in some regions, the results bring into sharper relief the potential of redistribution in achieving this goal.
BASE
The Millennium Development Goals, present in the UN Millennium Declaration 2000, are a set of goals to reduce poverty, disease, and deprivation of the world's poorest people This paper examines the Development and increscent that Millennium Development goals have lived in a transition country like Kosovo, which is one of the less developed countries in Europe. Furthermore, Kosovo is one of the ancient lands in Balkan passing through many wars and difficulties in achieving growth and prosperity, international presence and effect in all the institutions and government have helped Kosovo to increase the overall economical, political and social life. MDG's are becoming a very important part of changing the standard of living in many of the countries in the world, where living conditions are not in an acceptable position. Also, it critically evaluates each of 8 MDG's and the improvement that they have achieved during these post war years, even though Kosovo is not officially part of MDG's Agreement that all the states have signed. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n14p123
BASE
In: The world today, Volume 66, Issue 8-9
ISSN: 0043-9134
What has become of the grand goals set by world leaders at the turn of the millennium? Poverty and hunger are still with us, education is not yet universal. Two-thirds of the way through the allotted period, in this time of economic crisis, how have we done and what next? What about a rallying cry to stop children dying now? Adapted from the source document.
In: Development: journal of the Society for International Development (SID), Volume 48, Issue 1, p. 1-4
ISSN: 1461-7072
In: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8BV7PFH
The United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) set the stage for developing countries to reduce extreme poverty and the problems that accompany it, such as hunger, high rates of infant, child and maternal mortality, insufficient disease control, lack of education, illiteracy, gender disparity and environmental degradation. Each goal has a specific target level for progress, such as halving poverty or reducing infant mortality rates by two thirds. All goals are to be reached by 2015, using 1990 as the benchmark year. By setting a time frame and specific levels of reductions for a variety of indicators, progress towards the goals is measurable, if data on indicators is available. Tracking progress is an essential step towards meeting the goals, as problem areas can be identified only through monitoring and evaluation, and interventions and strategies can then be developed to target them. South Asia as a whole seems likely to halve poverty levels by 2015, due in large part to India's progress on this MDG indicator. However, the situation is not as promising in other areas, such as reduction of high rates of infant, under-five and maternal mortality. There are wide inter-country, inter-state and intra-state differences in levels of progress towards the goals throughout South Asia. In a country as large and as populous as India, tackling problems such as high maternal mortality rates at the state and even at the district levels could determine whether India as a whole achieves the MDGs. Over one billion of the roughly 1.37 billion residents of South Asia reside in India, which means that India's achievement of any of the goals brings South Asia as a whole a step closer towards regional goal attainment. For South Asia as whole and for India in particular, public spending must be increased in the areas of health, education, rural infrastructure and agricultural research and development. The Indian government under-invests in all of these areas. Not only must public spending be increased, but spending must be accompanied by reforms. Decentralization would lead to greater control and oversight, conditions necessary for accountability. There are only 11 years remaining to meet the MDGs. It is time for South Asian governments to focus on problem areas related to extreme poverty in the region, such as high rates of infant and maternal mortality, low primary school enrollment and completion rates, poor rural infrastructure and low rates of access to safe drinking water and sanitation, especially in rural areas.
BASE
This report emphasizes high-income countries' responsibility to lead byexample in pursuing more open markets and in supporting the Least DevelopedCountries to raise their export competitiveness. It proposes concrete andpractical steps that governments and international agencies can undertake tobring trade to bear on development.The report has been prepared by a group of leading experts who contributedin their personal capacity and volunteered their time to this importanttask. I am very grateful for their thorough and skilled efforts, and I am sure that the practical options for action in this report will make an importantcontribution to achieving the Millennium Development Goals. I stronglyrecommend it to anyone who is interested in how to mobilize trade fordevelopment.
BASE
This report emphasizes high-income countries' responsibility to lead byexample in pursuing more open markets and in supporting the Least DevelopedCountries to raise their export competitiveness. It proposes concrete andpractical steps that governments and international agencies can undertake tobring trade to bear on development.The report has been prepared by a group of leading experts who contributedin their personal capacity and volunteered their time to this importanttask. I am very grateful for their thorough and skilled efforts, and I am sure that the practical options for action in this report will make an importantcontribution to achieving the Millennium Development Goals. I stronglyrecommend it to anyone who is interested in how to mobilize trade fordevelopment.
BASE