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Forensic Speaker Recognition: Law Enforcement and Counter-Terrorism is an anthology of the research findings of 35 speaker recognition experts from around the world. The volume provides a multidimensional view of the complex science involved in determining whether a suspect's voice truly matches forensic speech samples, collected by law enforcement and counter-terrorism agencies, that are associated with the commission of a terrorist act or other crimes. While addressing such topics as the challenges of forensic case work, handling speech signal degradation, analyzing features of speaker recog

Computer-based optical character recognition (OCR) systems allow blind persons access to a wide variety of printed material. This article describes these systems and how they work and discusses the features that should be considered before one purchases them.

AbstractCaricature undeniably excels at mocking people and their foibles. But is this mode of depiction limited to human beings? Can animals, objects, or even abstract concepts be caricatured? The first goal of this paper is to trace the limits of the caricaturable and see how far they extend beyond the human figure. The second goal is to understand how the wondrous modification enacted by caricature works. To do so, I analyze the features that caricature selects, and argue that such features have a relational nature—they are instantiated by the depicted subject but their sense hinges on implicit norms. I then outline the deep structure of reference exploited by caricature for depicting. Finally, I use this account to unravel the paradox of caricature: how can a picture both misrepresent its subject and prompt an accurate recognition? I defend the controversial claim that caricature per se does not amount to misrepresentation.

Modulation recognition is important for both military and commercial communication applications, particularly in cases where enhanced situation awareness and/or channel assessment is required to mitigate intentional or collateral interference. Modulation recognition via template matching or statistical analysis is a key aspect of non-cooperative (nonmatched filtering) signal interception, classification, and exploitation. This research concerns the evaluation and modification of a conventional Digitally Modulated Signal Recognition Algorithm (DMRA) to enable multi-carrier, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), waveform recognition. The original DMRA architecture was developed to classify communication signals for three fundamental data modulations, i.e., Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Phase Shift Keying (PSK), and Frequency Shift Keying (FSK). By adding an additional key feature and threshold to the original DMRA architecture, a modified DMRA architecture is developed to enable the reliable recognition of OFDM waveforms. Simulation results for the modified DMRA architecture show a 95.25% success rate for OFDM waveform recognition at a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 11:0 dB. When operated under scenarios where FSK signals are neither present nor considered an alternative, the modified DMRA architecture yields success rates of 100%, 98.25%, and 98.25% for classifying PSK2, PSK4, and OFDM at a SNR of 5.0 dB.

AbstractFacial recognition is a promising emerging technology, but it sometimes fails to recognize people adequately. Facial recognition applications have been found to regularly misidentify certain demographics, misinterpret traits like gender, age, beliefs, or emotions, and categorize individuals in ways that do not resonate with their own sense of identity. In this paper, I argue that in each of these cases, the person who has their face analyzed is not merely misidentified or misunderstood, but misrecognized in an ethically relevant sense. Following Charles Taylor's The Politics of Recognition (1992) and Axel Honneth's The Struggle for Recognition (1996), I describe how those subjected to facial recognition systems on the one hand struggle to obtain adequate recognition on a universal level, as being equally important to others, and lack recognition for their individual uniqueness, on the other hand. These forms of misrecognition are of ethical concern, because they can harm a person's identity formation. So, ironically, facial recognition technology can give rise to a struggle for recognition.

Abstract
In this paper, I zoom in on linguistic justice for language groups who do not enjoy either local territorial dominance or equality with other language groups within the state. My question is: is there a separate linguistic justice category for such language groups whose recognition is 'subordinate' to that of other language groups? Does subordinate linguistic justice exist? A positive answer would mean that groups who belong to the category would not necessarily want to look at territorial dominance or equality as the proper ideal of linguistic justice: subordinate linguistic justice would not be an oxymoron. The answer I develop is indeed positive; it is possible for language groups to be in such a position of subordination while justice is fulfilled, but only under certain conditions. Nonfulfillment of one of these conditions generates reasons of justice for such groups to emancipate themselves from the position of subordination.

Object recognition is a very interesting task with multiple applications and for that reason it has been dealt with very intensively in the last years. In particular, the application to naval ship pictures may facilitate the work of the coastguards or the navy. However, this type of images entails some difficulties due to their specific environment. Water reflects the light and as a consequence, some areas may presumably show different brightness and color. Waves from wind or moving ships pose a problem due to the additional edges that they produce. The camouflage of ships in the military context is also an issue to take into account. Therefore, it is difficult to propose a simple method that is valid for every image. A discussion about which techniques may solve these problems is presented and finally a combined solution based on contour recognition is suggested. Test images are preprocessed by histogram stretching. Then, the Canny method is applied to the image and to the reference contour in order to obtain not only their edges, but also their respective orientations. The problem of recognizing the reference contour within the detected edges is addressed by making use of the Generalized Hough Transform (GHT).

AbstractThis article explores how media content may facilitate processes of recognition through playfulness and comedy. Mediated recognition is typically understood as a matter of respectful and positive representation of subaltern groups and in terms of struggles for visibility and dignity. Yet at the same time, the media address audiences in much less deferential ways that are nonetheless consequential to processes of recognition: by means of playfulness, subversion, and irreverence. This article introduces the concept of 'playful recognition' to account for the contradictory ways in which humor can incite recognition. The article empirically illustrates this concept drawing upon a case study of Svart Humor – a comedy show aired in Norway. On the one hand, this article explores an important yet neglected dimension of mediated recognition, on the other, it introduces a recognition perspective to the study of televised comedy.

Preliminary Material /H. Ikaheimo and A. Laitinen -- 1. Recognition And Social Ontology: An Introduction /Heikki Ikäheimo and Arto Laitinen -- 2. The Structure Of Desire And Recognition: Self-Consciousness And Self-Constitution /Robert B. Brandom -- 3. On Hegel's Claim That Self-Consciousnessis "Desire Itself" ("Begierde Überhaupt") /Robert B. Pippin -- 4. Intuition, Understanding, And The Human Form Of Life /Pirmin Stekeler-Weithofer -- 5. Mutual Recognition: Hegel And Beyond /Ludwig Siep -- 6. Holism And Normative Essentialism In Hegel's Social Ontology /Heikki Ikäheimo -- 7. The Relevance Of Hegel's "Absolute Spirit" To Social Normativity /Paul Redding -- 8. Recognition As The Social Grammar Of Species Being In Marx /Michael Quante -- 9. Mutual Recognition And Some Related Phenomena /Margaret Gilbert -- 10. Social Space And The Ontology Of Recognition /Italo Testa -- 11. Recognition, Acknowledgement, And Acceptance /Arto Laitinen -- 12. Institutional Power, Collective Acceptance, And Recognition /Titus Stahl -- 13. The Problem Of Collective Identity:The Instituting We And The Instituted We /Vincent Descombes -- Index /H. Ikaheimo and A. Laitinen.

This article explores the possibilities offered by theories of recognition and identity politics for a better understanding of religious – in this case, Christian – environmentalism. Insights related to recognition are gleaned from literature in ecological theology. Themes for further research and possibilities for practical adaptation are explored. It is argued that theories of recognition help to understand the dynamics related to processes where a certain group asks for more recognition of nature. Identity questions and developments in environmentalism are clarified by an understanding of what happens when partial recognition is granted. The role of mutuality as a basis for recognition is widened by Arto Laitinen's proposal for recognition as "adequate regard" for something, i.e. for an ecosystem. The complex relations between humans and non-human nature are explored through such themes as reciprocity and the question of "voices" of nature. Creaturely difference and the role of seeing a "face" in nature are discussed in relation to recognition. The significance of place and environmental conditions for recognition are probed. Special attention is given to Andrew Dobson's application of Nancy Frazer's theory of transformative recognition to environmental matters, which offers new ways of understanding the role of non-human nature in politics, ethics and discussions on justice. ; Peer reviewed