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Although the US military officially bars women from serving in active combat, in Iraq and Afghanistan the lines between battle and supply roles are blurred. More than 235,000 women have deployed to combat zones, with 129 killed. Photos by Sascha Pflaeging. In interviews with dozens of women for her book When Janey Comes Marching Home, author Laura Browder found women combat veterans were surprisingly eager to deploy. Many said they found it easier to fight a war than deal with the pressures of home life.

I first discuss reasons for feminists to attend to the role of women in the military, despite past emphasis on antimilitarism. I then focus on the exclusion of women from combat duty, reviewing its sanction by the U.S. Supreme Court and the history of its adoption. I present arguments favoring the exclusion, defending strong replies to each, and demonstrate that reasoning from related cases and feminist analyses of equality explain why exclusion remains entrenched.

Women have historically been excluded from combat roles in state militaries. However, in recent years, women's growing involvement in combat roles has sparked public debate. Currently, only a small minority of countries allow women into their ground combat forces. Given the policy relevance, it is important to examine the conditions under which militaries will allow women into combat roles. Using data from 1970–2016, I empirically examine how a variety of aspects of women's participation in social, political, and economic activities and institutions affects the probability that combat roles will be opened to them. The results provide robust evidence that women's participation in politics, civil society, and economic activities are associated with a higher probability that these exclusionary policies are lifted from combat roles. However, I do not find evidence of an association between expectations pertaining to women's familial roles and the probability of combat positions being opened to them.

"H.A.S.C. no. 103-20." ; Shipping list no.: 94-0049-P. ; Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Using data collected in the Veterans Administration's Survey of Female Veterans, this article describes the characteristics of women veterans who were exposed to combat situations while serving in the armed forces. The definition of combat exposure ranges from "service in a war zone," such as in England during World War II, to being "shot at or being a POW." Slightly over 5 percent of the respondents met the definition. Particular attention is paid to those female veterans who served during World War II, the Korean conflict, and the Vietnam era. No attempt is made to enter the debate concerning whether women should be allowed to work in combat or near-combat (support) military occupations. Such a discussion is beyond the purpose of this paper and study from which it came.

Demi Moore never perspired in the movie "G.I. Jane", she sweated. And she had to do so in order to convey how much work was involved in becoming the first female member of a combat-oriented Special Operations team. No woman currently serves in such a unit. But what Moore's performance suggests is that if only the right female were given the opportunity to prove her ability to meet the same physical standards as the military's most elite combat soldiers, then even these men would have to grant her their grudging respect. She would belong, and presumably pave the way for other gritty women.

"November 19, 1987." ; Shipping list no.: 88-757-P. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Cover -- Half-Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Notes on Contributors -- Introduction: Women in Conflict and Peace-Making -- 1 Women in Combat: Identifying Global Trends -- 2 Catch Them Young: Participation and Roles of Girl Child Soldiers in Armed Conflicts -- 3 Female Combatants, Peace Process and the Exclusion -- 4 Gendering Conflict Analysis: Analysing Israeli Female Combatants' Experiences -- 5 Female Combatants in the Syrian Conflict, in the Fight against or with the IS, and in the Peace Process

Using interview data collected in a 1984 Veterans Administration survey of F veterans (N = 3,003), the characteristics of F veterans who were exposed to combat situations while serving in the US armed forces are described. The definition of combat exposure ranges from "service in a war zone," such as in England during WWII, to being "shot at or being a POW." Slightly over 5% of the Rs met the definition. Particular attention is paid to Rs who served during WWII, the Korean conflict, & the Vietnam era. Results indicate those who were exposed to combat were primarily Army nurses who served in WWII -- primarily white, older women with postsecondary education. 2 Tables. Modified HA

Analysis of data from the Veterans Administration's Survey of Female Veterans; based on conference paper. Women who served during World War II, the Korean conflict, and the Vietnam era.