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Success of city development depends not only on its political or economic power, level of infrastructure or favorable geographic location. The key factor of success is people living in the city and their ability to collectively and proactively respond to challenges that 21st century cities are facing. In democratic societies local communities of cities are the most important cells of their structure as they facilitate or impede a sustainable and balanced local development. Although the term of (urban) community vitality is becoming more popular in political agendas and academic research, still there is a lack of consistent and scientifically-based definition of this concept and its research methodology. This article justifies the relevance of the urban community vitality for city development, reviews interpretations of the content of this concept from different sciences perspective and proposes an interdisciplinary definition. This article presents the initial results of a broader research, which aim was to create a methodology for identification and analysis of vitality of urban communities.

Success of city development depends not only on its political or economic power, level of infrastructure or favorable geographic location. The key factor of success is people living in the city and their ability to collectively and proactively respond to challenges that 21st century cities are facing. In democratic societies local communities of cities are the most important cells of their structure as they facilitate or impede a sustainable and balanced local development. Although the term of (urban) community vitality is becoming more popular in political agendas and academic research, still there is a lack of consistent and scientifically-based definition of this concept and its research methodology. This article justifies the relevance of the urban community vitality for city development, reviews interpretations of the content of this concept from different sciences perspective and proposes an interdisciplinary definition. This article presents the initial results of a broader research, which aim was to create a methodology for identification and analysis of vitality of urban communities.

Success of city development depends not only on its political or economic power, level of infrastructure or favorable geographic location. The key factor of success is people living in the city and their ability to collectively and proactively respond to challenges that 21st century cities are facing. In democratic societies local communities of cities are the most important cells of their structure as they facilitate or impede a sustainable and balanced local development. Although the term of (urban) community vitality is becoming more popular in political agendas and academic research, still there is a lack of consistent and scientifically-based definition of this concept and its research methodology. This article justifies the relevance of the urban community vitality for city development, reviews interpretations of the content of this concept from different sciences perspective and proposes an interdisciplinary definition. This article presents the initial results of a broader research, which aim was to create a methodology for identification and analysis of vitality of urban communities.

Success of city development depends not only on its political or economic power, level of infrastructure or favorable geographic location. The key factor of success is people living in the city and their ability to collectively and proactively respond to challenges that 21st century cities are facing. In democratic societies local communities of cities are the most important cells of their structure as they facilitate or impede a sustainable and balanced local development. Although the term of (urban) community vitality is becoming more popular in political agendas and academic research, still there is a lack of consistent and scientifically-based definition of this concept and its research methodology. This article justifies the relevance of the urban community vitality for city development, reviews interpretations of the content of this concept from different sciences perspective and proposes an interdisciplinary definition. This article presents the initial results of a broader research, which aim was to create a methodology for identification and analysis of vitality of urban communities.

Based on a systematic and comprehensive review of literature on emigration, we identify potential non-economic push factors that might drive Lithuanian citizens to emigrate. Based on a random sample nationwide survey conducted in spring 2019 with Lithuanian citizens living in Lithuania, two categories have emerged as most critical non-economic drivers to lead to higher intention to emigrate: quality of working life and confidence in the future. Further research can add necessary nuance to understanding these factors while also experimenting with possible policy and project interventions that can reduce intent to emigrate and/or encourage return migration. This research is implemented under the project "The importance of non-economic factors to the emigration of the Lithuanian population", funded by the Research Council of Lithuania under the Programme "Improvement of researchers' qualification by implementing world-class R&D projects" (Agreement No. 09.3.3-LMT-K-712-01-170). ; Pagrindinis straipsnio tikslas yra aptarti neekonominius emigracijos stūmos veiksnius, kurie daro įtaką gyventojų ketinimams emigruoti iš Lietuvos. Remiantis išsamia literatūros analize, straipsnyje apžvelgiami emigracijos stūmos ir traukos veiksniai bei jų klasifikacija. Ypatingas dėmesys skiriamas galimiems neekonominiams stūmos veiksniams, kurie paskatina Lietuvos gyventojus emigruoti. Atsižvelgiant į teorijoje išskiriamus emigraciją skatinančius veiksnius ir 2019 m. birželio mėnesį atliktos reprezentatyvios Lietuvos gyventojų apklausos empirinius duomenis, išskiriamos dvi svarbiausios neekonominių veiksnių kategorijos, kurios paskatina emigruoti: darbo aplinkos kokybė ir saugumo jausmas dėl ateities. Tolimesni moksliniai tyrimai apie neekonominius emigracijos stūmos faktorius gali suteikti pridėtinės vertės siekiant gautus tyrimo rezultatus toliau pritaikyti politikos formavimo srityje bei sumažinti gyventojų norą emigruoti ar paskatinti jų reemigraciją. Šis tyrimas vykdomas įgyvendinant projektą "Neekonominių veiksnių poveikis Lietuvos gyventojų emigracijai". Projektas yra finansuojamas Lietuvos mokslų tarybos pagal programą "Mokslininkų, kitų tyrėjų, studentų mokslinės kompetencijos ugdymas per praktinę mokslinę veiklą" (sutarties Nr. 09.3.3-LMT-K-712-01-170).

Based on a systematic and comprehensive review of literature on emigration, we identify potential non-economic push factors that might drive Lithuanian citizens to emigrate. Based on a random sample nationwide survey conducted in spring 2019 with Lithuanian citizens living in Lithuania, two categories have emerged as most critical non-economic drivers to lead to higher intention to emigrate: quality of working life and confidence in the future. Further research can add necessary nuance to understanding these factors while also experimenting with possible policy and project interventions that can reduce intent to emigrate and/or encourage return migration. This research is implemented under the project "The importance of non-economic factors to the emigration of the Lithuanian population", funded by the Research Council of Lithuania under the Programme "Improvement of researchers' qualification by implementing world-class R&D projects" (Agreement No. 09.3.3-LMT-K-712-01-170). ; Pagrindinis straipsnio tikslas yra aptarti neekonominius emigracijos stūmos veiksnius, kurie daro įtaką gyventojų ketinimams emigruoti iš Lietuvos. Remiantis išsamia literatūros analize, straipsnyje apžvelgiami emigracijos stūmos ir traukos veiksniai bei jų klasifikacija. Ypatingas dėmesys skiriamas galimiems neekonominiams stūmos veiksniams, kurie paskatina Lietuvos gyventojus emigruoti. Atsižvelgiant į teorijoje išskiriamus emigraciją skatinančius veiksnius ir2019 m. birželio mėnesįatliktos reprezentatyvios Lietuvos gyventojų apklausos empirinius duomenis, išskiriamos dvi svarbiausios neekonominių veiksnių kategorijos, kurios paskatina emigruoti: darbo aplinkos kokybė ir saugumo jausmas dėl ateities. Tolimesni moksliniai tyrimai apie neekonominius emigracijos stūmos faktorius gali suteikti pridėtinės vertės siekiant gautus tyrimo rezultatus toliau pritaikyti politikos formavimo srityje bei sumažintigyventojų norąemigruoti ar paskatinti jų reemigraciją. Šis tyrimas vykdomas įgyvendinant projektą "Neekonominių veiksnių poveikis ...

Using a global and multi-generational approach, this volume reveals the persistent need to engage as a scholarly community with questions of public ethics and citizenship. Grounded in Prof. Terry Cooper's scholarship, the editors and contributors bridge the past to the future while applying research to critical concerns of today.

This book offers a review of cases, data, and literature addressing the impact of national service programs and volunteerism in and across communities. The chapters, written by diverse authors, are structured to appeal to students and practitioners of policy, government, and nonprofit studies.