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Starting from an autobiographical journey with references to certain experiences in the area of childhood, the article analyzes the shifts in the political agenda of the city of Buenos Aires between the 80's and 90's. Upon the return of democracy, early childhood seemed to be among the agenda priorities but was later relegated. In contrast, the "children from / on the street" emerged as a more urgent and visible problem that allowed to confront with institutionalization policies –which were emblematic of the tutelary model–. In addition, those years witnessed the emergence of programs "alternative" to assistentialism and to the aforementioned model, combining socio-educational projects and territorial support networks in critical situations. The article draws from (and is written from the level of ) the implementation of these experiences -diverse in their modalities but with some shared characteristics in terms of their framing and approach- that are usually overshadowed by the dichotomous confrontation between two models (the tutelary and the rights approach) that strengthened that period's agenda towards a normative dispute. ; de niñez se analizan los giros en la agenda política local entre los años ochenta y los noventa. En el retorno a la democracia, la primera infancia parecía ubicarse entre las prioridades de dicha agenda, pero luego fue relegada. En contraste, los "chicos de/en la calle" emergieron como un problema más urgente y visible que permitía confrontar con las políticas de institucionalización–emblemáticas del modelo tutelar–. También por esos años surgieron programas "alternativos" al asistencialismo y a dicho modelo que combinaban proyectos socioeducativos y redes territoriales de sostén ante situa ciones críticas. El artículo recupera (y se escribe desde el nivel de) la implementación de esas experiencias –diversas en sus modalidades, pero con algunas características compartidas en cuanto al encuadre y abordaje– que suelen quedar opacadas por la confrontación dicotómica entre dos modelos (el tutelar y el enfoque de derechos) que apuntaló la agenda de aquel período hacia una disputa normativa. ; A partir de um percurso autobiográfico com referências a algumas experiências na área da infância, analisam-se os diferentes percursos na agenda política local entre os anos 80 e 90. No retorno à democracia, a primeira infância parecia se situar entre as prioridades dessa agenda, todavia foi posteriormente relegada. Em contrapartida, os "meninos de rua" surgiram como um problema mais urgente e visível que nos permitiu confrontar as políticas de institucionalização – emblemáticas do modelo tutelar –. Igualmente nesses anos, surgiram programas "alternativos" à previdência e ao referido modelo que combinavam projetos socioeducativos e redes de apoio territorial em situações críticas. O artigo recupera (e é escrito partindo do nível de) a implementação dessas experiências – diversas em suas modalidades, mas com algumas características comuns em termos de enquadramento e abordagem – que geralmente são ensombrecidas pelo confronto dicotômico entre dois modelos (o tutelar e a abordagem de direitos) que sustentaram a agenda daquele período para uma disputa normativa.

Dans une usine mécanique de l'Italie centrale, la restructuration permanente de l'établissement durant ces trente dernières années a atrophié la négociation collective et réorienté le travail de terrain des délégués vers l'offre de services syndicaux et les micro-négociations visant à la résolution des problèmes individuels des salariés. Ces mutations du travail syndical et des relations professionnelles ont affecté la relation de représentation entre délégués et ouvriers. Si le caractère personnel des liens qui les unissent s'inscrit dans l'histoire longue du syndicalisme de l'usine, dans la configuration actuelle, ces liens personnels deviennent le support d'échanges pragmatiques qui permettent aux délégués de maintenir une proximité avec les salariés, sans toujours éviter certaines formes de domination personnalisée. Cependant, les ouvriers gardent une capacité à agir sur ces liens, en arrivant à les façonner ou à les remettre en question.

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This paper is not devoted to European citizenship, but rather to the ways we study it. The paper is based on a sample of recent literature on EU citizenship and is developed as follows. Firstly, seven divergent thematizations (the ways EU citizenship is identified and framed) are introduced and analyzed with regard to the problems they show. Then five conceptualizations are presented that come from the same sources, and that should be considered to overcome criticalities. There follows the introduction of a conceptual framework regarding democratic citizenship as an empirical phenomenon. This framework allows the identification of a paradigm that has shaped national citizenship and that is experiencing deep crisis and transformation. European citizenship, from this perspective, can be viewed as anomaly of the paradigm and then appropriately studied.

In the 1960s, in Nicaragua, the magazine Ventana directed by young university students, Sergio Ramírez and Fernando Gordillo, became a political and literary sounding board. The political debate and claim of freedom and autonomy in the context of the dictatorship came together with a broad and cosmopolitan literary commitment. A multiplicity of authors and literary texts from different languages and cultures came together. ; En la década de 1960, en Nicaragua, la revista Ventana, dirigida por los jóvenes universitarios, Sergio Ramírez y Fernando Gordillo, se constituyó en una caja de resonancia política y literaria. Confluyeron en ella el debate político y el reclamo de libertad y de autonomía, en el contexto de la dictadura con una apuesta literaria amplia y cosmopolita. Se dieron cita allí una multiplicidad de autores y textos literarios procedentes de diversas lenguas y culturas.

This study focuses on northern Uganda in the context of war between the Government of Uganda and the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) rebels. I argue that the idea of Church as "field hospital" can help the Church there to reflect on its mission of bringing lasting healing, reconciliation and reintegration. During the war, the people experienced displacement, gender and sexual violence, abduction, recruitment into the rebel ranks especially the children, mutilations of all kinds and horrific deaths. Moreover, the people were herded into internally displaced people' s camps with very appalling conditions. The Church apart from attending to some of the immediate needs of the people, modeled its presence in the form of the "Church on its knees." The Church focused its mission on praying and appealing to the perpetrators of the war to come to the negotiating table to talk peace. Given the changed circumstances due to the end of the war, I argue that the Church needs to move beyond being on its knees. With its emphasis on encounter, proximity, and accompaniment, the Church as "field hospital," in my view continues better the mission of the Church in the changed circumstances. This model enables the Church to pay attention to the people affected and afflicted by this war. This capacity helps the Church tap into the agency of the people and help them toward their healing, reconciliation and reintegration.

This article deals with the institutional build-up ofnew areas for children and adolescents in municipalitiesof Buenos Aires Province close to Buenos Aires City.Findings of a qualitative research conducted in two municipalsettings (La Matanza and Quilmes) together withan institutional analysis, enable us to critically asses someaspects in the design, regulations and implementation ofpolicies addressed at children and the adolescent at thelocal level, in addition to some observations on the coordinatingrole performed by the provincial government´s administrative agencies. According to our findings theprevalent institutional focus on the domestic-family environmentin the attention of cases of human rights violations,to the detriment of the expansion of programsaddressed at the promotion and access to rights ,leads toa short-sighted as well restrictive view of the policy transformationsaimed at by normative regulations. The interventionsoriented towards the enforcement of rights alsoconfront with limits in their capability to function undera logic of co-responsibility. An allegation is made, then,for a "new architecture" taking into account the scope ofpolicies for childhood and adolescence at the local leveltogether with a definition of the problem these areas dealwith, and a territorial overview on social policies. ; Este artículo analiza el desempeño de las nuevas áreas municipales de niñez y adolescencia en el conurbano bonaerense. Se apoya en hallazgos de una investigación cualitativa enfocada en dos municipios (La Matanza y Quilmes) para ponderar críticamente algunos aspectos del diseño, de su implementación a nivel local y de la normativa respectiva,incluyendo algunas observaciones sobre el nivel provincial en su rol de coordinación. Se argumenta que el énfasis en el eje de atención en el ámbito doméstico-familiar en desmedro de la expansión de una oferta programática de promoción y acceso a derechos plantea un alcance limitado y restrictivo de la transformación declamada en la normativa. Se concluye asimismo que las intervenciones de restitución de derechos también encuentran límites en su capacidad de funcionar bajo una lógica de corresponsabilidad. A partir de estos hallazgos, el artículo postula la adopción de una "nueva arquitectura" institucional que contemple los alcances de la política de niñez y adolescencia en el nivel local, la definición del problema con la que trabajan estas áreas y una mirada territorial de las políticas sociales.