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This new dictionary gives a concise overview of key words used in the study and understanding of gangs. Broad in scope, it covers colloquialisms used in gang culture and sociological and criminological terms in relation to gangs, including social disorganization and social learning, as well as general academic concepts which apply to gangs, such as Critical Race Theory, acculturation, moral panic, and identity. With entries on gangs both inside and outside of the United States and theories of key gang researchers, it is a useful resource for students, academics, and researchers studying criminology or law, or those who work in some capacity with gangs

Arising out of a conference on 'Erôs in Ancient Greece', the articles in this volume share a historicizing approach to the conventions and expectations of erôs in the context of the polis, in the Archaic and Classical periods of ancient Greece. The articles focus on (post-Homeric) Archaic and Classical poetic genres – namely lyric poetry, tragedy, and comedy – and some philosophical texts by Plato, Xenophon, and Aristotle. They pursue a variety of issues, including: the connection between homosexual erôs and politics; sexual practices that fell outside societal norms (aristocratic homosexuality, chastity); the roles of sôphrosynê (self-control) and akrasia (incontinence) in erotic relationships; and the connection between erôs and other socially important emotions such as charis, philia, and storgê. The exploration of such issues from a variety of standpoints, and through a range of texts, allows us to place erôs as an emotion in its socio-political context.

The USA and Ireland before 1968 -- The early years of the "Troubles" -- Jimmy Carter and the presidential statement on Northern Ireland -- Thatcher, Reagan, and Northern Ireland -- The Bush administration and Northern Ireland as a local political issue -- Bill Clinton and the path to Good Friday -- George W. Bush, Barack Obama, and post-conflict Northern Ireland.

Het Internationaal Instituut voor Sociale Geschiedenis (IISG) is een van de meest vooraanstaande onderzoeksinstituten ter wereld op het terrein van de sociale geschiedenis, zowel in het wetenschappelijk onderzoek als in het verzamelen en beheren van een unieke internationale collectie archieven. Dit boek onderzoekt de geschiedenis van het Instituut van 1935 tot 1989. Centraal staat de ontwikkeling van het Instituut in de richting van een steeds sterkere professionalisering. Een ontwikkeling in wisselwerking met een driehoek van externe invloeden: de politieke en maatschappelijke context; de ontwikkeling van sociale geschiedenis als academische discipline; en het institutionele en bestuurlijke kader. Het is het verhaal van betrokken historici en activisten, die het erfgoed van en uit de arbeidersbeweging en andere emancipatiebewegingen wilden veiligstellen en voor onderzoek beschikbaar maken. Het boek neemt de lezer mee naar spectaculaire reddingsacties van archieven en bibliotheken die bedreigd waren door de opkomst van Hitler, de ineenstorting van het IISG tijdens de bezetting, en de wonderbaarlijke terugkeer van de meeste collecties na de oorlog. Tijdens de wederopbouw volgde een zoektocht naar een plaats in de academische infrastructuur. Intern raakte het Instituut ontregeld tijdens de roerige jaren zestig en zeventig. In de jaren tachtig vond het IISG de weg naar verdere professionalisering zonder zijn oorspronkelijke bestaansrecht en drijfveren uit het oog te verliezen.

Exam board: Pearson Edexcel Level: AS/A-level Subject: History First teaching: September 2015 First exams: Summer 2016 (AS); Summer 2017 (A-level) Put your trust in the textbook series that has given thousands of A-level History students deeper knowledge and better grades for over 30 years. Updated to meet the demands of today's A-level specifications, this new generation of Access to History titles includes accurate exam guidance based on examiners' reports, free online activity worksheets and contextual information that underpins students' understanding of the period. - Develop strong historical knowledge: in-depth analysis of each topic is both authoritative and accessible - Build historical skills and understanding: downloadable activity worksheets can be used independently by students or edited by teachers for classwork and homework - Learn, remember and connect important events and people: an introduction to the period, summary diagrams, timelines and links to additional online resources support lessons, revision and coursework - Achieve exam success: practical advice matched to the requirements of your A-level specification incorporates the lessons learnt from previous exams - Engage with sources, interpretations and the latest historical research: students will evaluate a rich collection of visual and written materials, plus key debates that examine the views of different historians.

The role of Evangelical Christianity in American public life is controversial. The mythology of America as a "Christian nation" and the promissory note of secularism have proved inadequate to cope with the increasing pluralism, the resilience of spirituality, and the wariness toward formal religion that mark our post-secular age. Christianity and democracy have a complex history together, but is there a future where these two great traditions draw the best out of one another? What does that future look like in a heterogeneous society? Sanders argues that democracy is stronger when it allows all of its religious citizens to participate fully in the public sphere, and Christianity is richer when it demonstrates the wisdom of God from the ground up, rather than legislating it from the top down. In this reality, the Evangelical church must return to Christianity's prophetic roots and see itself as a "community in exile," where participation in the political is important, but not ultimate--where the substantive work of the church happens "after the election." -- back cover

In many ways, the United States' post-9/11 engagement with legal rules is puzzling. Officials in both the Bush and Obama administrations authorized numerous contentious counterterrorism policies that sparked global outrage, yet they have repeatedly insisted that their actions were lawful and legitimate. In Plausible Legality, Rebecca Sanders examines how the US government interpreted, reinterpreted, and manipulated legal norms and what these justificatory practices imply about the capacity of law to constrain state violence. Through case studies on the use of torture, detention, targeted killing, and surveillance, Sanders provides a detailed analysis of how policymakers use law to achieve their political objectives and situates these patterns within a broader theoretical understanding of how law operates in contemporary politics. She argues that legal culture—defined as collectively shared understandings of legal legitimacy and appropriate forms of legal practice in particular contexts—plays a significant role in shaping state practice. In the global war on terror, a national security culture of legal rationalization encouraged authorities to seek legal cover-to construct the plausible legality of human rights violations-in order to ensure impunity for wrongdoing. Looking forward, law remains vulnerable to evasion and revision. As Sanders shows, despite the efforts of human rights advocates to encourage deeper compliance, the normalization of post-9/11 policy has created space for future administrations to further erode legal norms.

Target success in Edexcel A-level History with this proven formula for effective, structured revision; key content coverage is combined with exam preparation activities and exam-style questions to create a revision guide that students can rely on to review, strengthen and test their knowledge. - Enables students to plan and manage a successful revision programme using the topic-by-topic planner - Consolidates knowledge with clear and focused content coverage, organised into easy-to-revise chunks - Encourages active revision by closely combining historical content with related activities - Helps students build, practise and enhance their exam skills as they progress through activities set at three different levels - Improves exam technique through exam-style questions with sample answers and commentary from expert authors and teachers - Boosts historical knowledge with a useful glossary and timeline

Introduction -- June 14, 2016 : meeting with Hillary Clinton -- July 9, 2016 : the most progressive political platform in U.S. history -- July 26, 2016 : the Democratic Convention -- August 24, 2016 : our revolution is formally launched -- September 5, 2016 : on the campaign trail for Clinton -- October 17, 2016 : taking on the greed of the pharmaceutical industry -- November 8, 2016 : election night -- November 16, 2016 : part of the Democratic Senate leadership -- January 15, 2017 : saving the Affordable Care Act -- January 20, 2017 : Inauguration Day -- February 28, 2017 : a new way to communicate -- April 26, 2017 : introducing the $15-an-hour minimum-wage bill -- May 31, 2017 : off to Germany, England, and Ireland -- September 21, 2017 : a progressive foreign policy -- October 27, 2017 : I visit Puerto Rico -- December 19, 2017 : the looting of the federal treasury -- January 23, 2018 : we take Medicare For All directly to the people -- January 31, 2018 : the biggest challenge -- February 15, 2018 : an ugly day in the Senate -- February 16, 2018 : more children killed by guns -- February 23, 2018 : on the road again -- March 11, 2018 : politics and baseball -- March 23, 2018 : a hell of a two weeks -- April 3, 2018 : remembering Dr. King -- April 13, 2018 : the political revolution is looking great -- April 16, 2018 : jumping into controversy -- April 19, 2018 : the fight for a moral economy -- May 4, 2018 : criminal justice, politics, and Pennsylvania -- May 18, 2018 : a busy weekend in Vermont -- May 20, 2018 : doing the Sunday news shows -- May 28, 2018 : running for reelection to the U.S. Senate -- June 2, 2018 : taking on Disney -- June 26, 2018 : a good election night -- July 11, 2018 : the Supreme Court matters -- July 19, 2018 : Trump embarrasses America (again) -- July 22, 2018 : which way forward? -- July 27, 2018 : a step forward for economic justice -- August 25, 2018 : reforming the Democratic Party -- Where we go from here.

Machine generated contents note: -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Author -- Introduction -- A History of Respectable Fears -- Estimating the Number of Gangs, Gang Members, and Gang Crimes -- Chapter 1. Early Research and Perspectives -- 18th- and 19th-Century Gangs -- Thrasher: The First Gang Researcher -- Gangs as Delinquent Subcultures -- Differential Opportunity Theory -- Lower-Class Culture and Adolescence -- Gangs as Near-Group -- Group Process and Gang Delinquency -- Roles within Gangs: Keiser and the Vice Lords -- Street Gangs and Street Workers -- Chapter 2. Definitions, Daily Life, Dynamics, and Risk Factors -- Sociological Definitions -- Legal Definitions -- What Gangs Are Not -- A Structured Typology -- Daily Life -- Positive and Negative Aspects -- Interrelated Dynamics -- Membership -- Organization -- Subgroups -- Intensity -- The Causes and Correlates Studies -- Protective Factors -- Chapter 3. Race, Migration, and Immigration -- A Brief Note on Race Relations in American History -- Black Gangs -- The Crips and Bloods -- Latino Gangs -- The People Nation and the Folks Nation -- A Typology of Mexican American Gangs -- Asian and Asian Pacific Islander Gangs -- Chinese Gangs -- Southeast Asian Gangs -- Filipino Gangs -- Native American Gangs -- White Gangs -- Skinheads -- Skinheads as Gangs -- Nazi Low Riders -- Chapter 4. Females -- Early Studies and Stereotypes -- Increases in Female Arrests and Incarceration -- Further Developments in Female Gang Research -- Differences and Similarities between Gang Females and Males -- The Number of Female Gangs and Gang Members -- Different Types of Female Gangs -- Female Gang Violence -- Sexual Victimization -- Identity, Femininity, Sexuality, and Respect -- Pregnancy and Motherhood -- Prosocial Functions and Post-Gang Lives -- Chapter 5. Drug Use and Sales -- Substance Use Patterns -- Alcohol -- Marijuana -- Other Illicit Drugs -- Attitudes about Hard Drug Use -- Drug Addiction -- Drug Selling -- Myths ab --- "Gangs: An Introduction provides a wide-ranging overview ideal for courses on gangs. Opening with a discussion of early research and perspectives from the late 1920s until the early 1970s, the book then moves on to cover sociological and legal definitions of gangs; daily life and risk and protective factors; race and immigration; female gang members; drug use and selling; violence and victimization; the cultural criminology of gangs; theories on gangs and gang behaviors; desistance; suppression, intervention, and prevention; and more. FEATURES * A focus on theories of gangs, rather than on criminological theories * Original contributions to the gang literature * An emphasis on evidence-based practices * Examples of real-life court cases * Interview excerpts from gang members, drawn from the author's research *Media Check! sections in each chapter featuring examples from movies, documentaries, TV shows, and music"--- "This is a textbook for undergraduate majors and non-majors in an introductory Juvenile Delinquency course or course on Gangs"--

Een van de belangrijkste vragen die bij het tuchtrecht kunnen worden gesteld is welke belangen erdoor worden gediend. Gaat het louter om de handhaving van de orde en discipline binnen een bepaalde groep? Is het tuchtrecht een middel van kwaliteitsbewaking? Of biedt het degenen die een klacht indienen de mogelijkheid om voor hun particuliere belangen op te komen?00In het bijzonder bij het door de overheid ingestelde wettelijk tuchtrecht zijn zowel publiek-maatschappelijke als private belangen betrokken. Voor het advocatentuchtrecht is dat niet anders: binnen die specifieke vorm van tuchtrecht staat het waarborgen van het publieke belang van een behoorlijke beroepsuitoefening naast het groepsbelang van de advocatuur, het belang van de particuliere klager en het belang van adequate rechtsbescherming voor de betrokken advocaat.00Deze studie gaat in op de verhouding tussen die verschillende bij het advocatentuchtrecht betrokken belangen aan de hand van achtereenvolgens de tuchtnorm, de tuchtsancties, de toegang tot de tuchtprocedure en de rechtsbescherming die binnen die procedure wordt geboden.00De verhouding tussen de verschillende betrokken belangen wordt behandeld tegen de achtergrond van de historische ontwikkeling van het advocatentuchtrecht. Het huidige stelsel is immers grotendeels een erfenis van de Franse overheersing van ons land, nadien gemodelleerd door de beleidsuitgangspunten van de Nederlandse wetgever en beginselen die in de (tucht) rechtspraak zijn ontwikkeld

There has been a significant increase in the focus on sex offending in recent years. This has occurred in both the academic and the public spheres. In attempting to understand sexual offending, this collection recognizes two different discourses that currently operate in relation to sex crime. At the public level there is an explicit focus on regulation and control. At the same time there has been a less public but equally fervent discourse centered on the importance of the assessment and treatment of sexual offenders. The Handbook moves from theoretical explanations to a dissection of who the offenders are, who the victims are, and how offenders are treated and managed; it then proceeds onward, using a sociological lens to examine the social and cultural contexts in which crimes and sexual activities take place.