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This paper presents a data collection effort designed to incorporate the social dimension in social activity-travel behavior by explicitly studying the link between individuals' social activities and their social networks. The main hypothesis of the data collection effort is that individuals' travel behavior is conditional upon their social networks; that is, a key cause of travel behavior is the social dimension represented by social networks. With this hypothesis in mind, and using survey and interview instruments, the respondents' social networks are collected using an egocentric approach that is constituted by the interplay between their individual social structures and their social activity behavior. More explicitly, individuals' networks are a context within which to elicit social activity-travel generation, spatial distribution, and information communication and technology use. The resultant dataset links aspects, in novel ways, that have been rarely studied together, and provides a sound base of theory and method to study and potentially give new insights about social activity-travel behavior.

Sponsored by the Communication, Information Technologies, and Media Sociology section of the American Sociological Association (CITAMS), this volume celebrates the section's thirtieth anniversary. Lead editor Barry Wellman joins forces with former and current CITAMS chairs Wenhong Chen, Shelia Cotten, and Laura Robinson, as well as Casey Brienza, founder of the Media Sociology Preconference, to look back at the history of the section, review some of its most important themes, and set the agenda for future discussion.Alongside its sister volume, The "M" in CITAMS@30: Media Sociology, this valuable book shows the impact CITAMS has had, and continues to have, on academic and public discourse. Featuring leading scholars in the fields of sociology of communication, information technologies and media, it reveals how the section had transcended disciplinary boundaries, and demonstrates how it holds the skills to address some of the biggest challenges of our digital age. It is essential reading for all those interested in both the story of CITAMS to date, and the role it will play in the future.

Although research has demonstrated a grey divide where older adults are less involved and skilled with digital media than younger adults, by treating them as a homogenous group, it has overlooked differences in their digital skills and media use. Based on 41 in-depth interviews with older adults (aged 65+ years) in East York, Toronto, we developed a typology that moves beyond seeing older adults as Non-Users to include Reluctants, Apprehensives, Basic Users, Go-Getters, and Savvy Users. We find a nonlinear association between older adults' skill levels and online engagement, as many East York older adults are not letting their skill levels dictate their online involvement. They engage in a wide range of online activities despite having limited skills, and some are eager to learn as they go. Older adults often compared their digital media use with their peers and to more tech-adept younger generations, and these comparisons influenced their attitudes toward digital media. Their narratives of mastery included both a positive sense that they can stay connected and learn new skills and a negative sense that digital media might overwhelm them or waste their time. We draw conclusions for public policy based on our findings on how digital media intersect with the lives of East York older adults.

When computer networks link people as well as machines, they become social networks. Such computer-supported social networks (CSSNs) are becoming important bases of virtual communities, computer-supported cooperative work, and telework. Computer-mediated communication such as electronic mail and computerized conferencing is usually text-based and asynchronous. It has limited social presence, and on-line communications are often more uninhibited, creative, and blunt than in-person communication. Nevertheless, CSSNs sustain strong, intermediate, and weak ties that provide information and social support in both specialized and broadly based relationships. CSSNs foster virtual communities that are usually partial and narrowly focused, although some do become encompassing and broadly based. CSSNs accomplish a wide variety of cooperative work, connecting workers within and between organizations who are often physically dispersed. CSSNs also link teleworkers from their homes or remote work centers to main organizational offices. Although many relationships function off-line as well as on-line, CSSNs have developed their own norms and structures. The nature of the medium both constrains and facilitates social control. CSSNs have strong societal implications, fostering situations that combine global connectivity, the fragmentation of solidarities, the de-emphasis of local organizations (in the neighborhood and workplace), and the increased importance of home bases.

Aquest estudi analitza les pràctiques diàries, els valors socials i les actituds de la població catalana en el procés de transició cap a la societat xarxa. Analitza el comportament de les persones a Internet i fora d'Internet, investigant el paper específic dels usos d'Internet a l'hora d'influenciar pràctiques i actituds. Es basa en les respostes a una enquesta de 3.005 individus, una mostra representativa de la població catalana el 2002. L'enquesta es va fer entre el febrer i el maig del 2002, i es basava en entrevistes cara a cara a partir d'un qüestionari de 179 preguntes. Es van utilitzar fonts secundàries per a situar els resultats catalans, particularment sobre els usos d'Internet, en el context global. L'anàlisi es va completar el 2007 incorporant-hi noves dades secundàries. L'estudi va cobrir pràctiques socials de treball, comunicació, sociabilitat, usos d'espai i temps, usos d'Internet, identitat cultural, pràctica política, associacionisme i formació de projectes d'autonomia. Es van construir diversos models estadístics per a proporcionar una anàlisi causal de cada una d'aquestes àrees d'estudi. El descobriment més significatiu fa referència a la relació entre els usos d'Internet i la construcció d'autonomia per part d'actors socials. Fent servir anàlisis factorial, l'estudi va definir cinc índexs d'autonomia que eren estadísticament independents: autonomia personal, autonomia professional, autonomia comunicativa, autonomia corporal i autonomia sociopolítica. Cada un d'aquests índexs d'autonomia independents estan fortament associats amb la freqüència i la intensitat de l'ús d'Internet, i les relacions observades es mantenen quan es controlen per variables sociodemogràfiques. A partir d'aquest estudi es pot afirmar que Internet és una plataforma important per a la construcció d'autonomia en la societat xarxa. En general, la societat catalana sembla que canviï de manera similar a altres societats en transició, amb l'èmfasi afegit del paper del territori i la família a l'hora d'enfortir les relacions socials, amb la contribució positiva d'Internet a un dens patró d'interacció social. ; El estudio analiza las prácticas diarias, los valores sociales y las actitudes de la población catalana en el proceso de transición hacia la sociedad red. Analiza el comportamiento de las personas en Internet y fuera de Internet, investigando el papel específico de los usos de Internet a la hora de influenciar prácticas y actitudes. Se basa en las respuestas a una encuesta de 3.005 individuos, una muestra representativa de la población catalana en el 2002. La encuesta se realizó entre febrero y mayo del 2002, y se basó en entrevistas cara a cara a partir de un cuestionario de 179 preguntas. Se utilizaron fuentes secundarias para situar los resultados catalanes, particularmente sobre los usos de Internet, en el contexto global. El análisis se completó en el 2007 incorporando nuevos datos secundarios. El estudio cubrió las prácticas sociales de trabajo, comunicación, sociabilidad, usos de espacio y tiempo, usos de Internet, identidad cultural, práctica política, asociacionismo y formación de proyectos de autonomía. Se construyeron varios modelos estadísticos para proporcionar un análisis causal de cada una de estas áreas de estudio. El descubrimiento más significativo hace referencia a la relación entre los usos de Internet y la construcción de autonomía por los actores sociales. Utilizando análisis factorial, el estudio definió cinco índices de autonomía que eran independientes estadísticamente: la autonomía personal, la autonomía profesional, la autonomía comunicativa, la autonomía corporal y la autonomía sociopolítica. Cada uno de estos índices de autonomía independientes están estrechamente asociados con la frecuencia y la intensidad del uso de Internet, y las relaciones asociadas se mantienen cuando se controlan por variables sociodemográficas. A partir de este estudio se puede afirmar que Internet es una plataforma importante para la construcción de autonomía en la sociedad red. En general, la sociedad catalana parece cambiar del mismo modo que otras sociedades en transición, con el énfasis añadido del papel del territorio y la familia a la hora de fortalecer las relaciones sociales, con la contribución positiva de Internet a un patrón muy denso de interacción social. ; This study analyzes the everyday practices, social values, and attitudes of the Catalan population in the process of transition towards the network society. It analyzes behavior online and off-line, investigating the specific role of Internet uses in influencing practices and attitudes. It is based on the answers to a survey of 3,005 individuals, a representative sample of the Catalan population in 2002. The survey was conducted between February and May 2002, and was based on face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire of 179 questions. Secondary sources were used to place the Catalan findings, particularly on the uses of the Internet, in the global context. The analysis was completed in 2007 by incorporating new secondary data. The study covered social practices of work, communication, sociability, uses of space and time, uses of the Internet, cultural identity, political practice, associationism, and formation of individual projects. A number of statistical models were built to provide a causal analysis of each one of these areas of study. The most striking finding refers to the relationship between Internet uses and the construction of autonomy by social actors. Using factor analysis, the study defined five indexes of autonomy that were statistically independent: personal autonomy, professional autonomy, communicative autonomy, body autonomy, and socio-political autonomy. Each one of these independent autonomy indexes were closely associated with frequency and intensity of Internet use, and the relationship when controlled by socio-demographic variables. On the basis of this study it is possible to claim that Internet is a significant platform for the construction of autonomy in the network society. Overall, Catalan society seems to be changing along paths similar to those of other societies in transition, with the added emphasis of the role of territory and family in strengthening social relations, with the positive contribution of the Internet to a very dense pattern of social interaction.

Aquest estudi analitza les pràctiques diàries, els valors socials i les actituds de la població catalana en el procés de transició cap a la societat xarxa. Analitza el comportament de les persones a Internet i fora d'Internet, investigant el paper específic dels usos d'Internet a l'hora d'influenciar pràctiques i actituds. Es basa en les respostes a una enquesta de 3.005 individus, una mostra representativa de la població catalana el 2002. L'enquesta es va fer entre el febrer i el maig del 2002, i es basava en entrevistes cara a cara a partir d'un qüestionari de 179 preguntes. Es van utilitzar fonts secundàries per a situar els resultats catalans, particularment sobre els usos d'Internet, en el context global. L'anàlisi es va completar el 2007 incorporant-hi noves dades secundàries. L'estudi va cobrir pràctiques socials de treball, comunicació, sociabilitat, usos d'espai i temps, usos d'Internet, identitat cultural, pràctica política, associacionisme i formació de projectes d'autonomia. Es van construir diversos models estadístics per a proporcionar una anàlisi causal de cada una d'aquestes àrees d'estudi. El descobriment més significatiu fa referència a la relació entre els usos d'Internet i la construcció d'autonomia per part d'actors socials. Fent servir anàlisis factorial, l'estudi va definir cinc índexs d'autonomia que eren estadísticament independents: autonomia personal, autonomia professional, autonomia comunicativa, autonomia corporal i autonomia sociopolítica. Cada un d'aquests índexs d'autonomia independents estan fortament associats amb la freqüència i la intensitat de l'ús d'Internet, i les relacions observades es mantenen quan es controlen per variables sociodemogràfiques. A partir d'aquest estudi es pot afirmar que Internet és una plataforma important per a la construcció d'autonomia en la societat xarxa. En general, la societat catalana sembla que canviï de manera similar a altres societats en transició, amb l'èmfasi afegit del paper del territori i la família a l'hora d'enfortir les relacions socials, amb la contribució positiva d'Internet a un dens patró d'interacció social. ; El estudio analiza las prácticas diarias, los valores sociales y las actitudes de la población catalana en el proceso de transición hacia la sociedad red. Analiza el comportamiento de las personas en Internet y fuera de Internet, investigando el papel específico de los usos de Internet a la hora de influenciar prácticas y actitudes. Se basa en las respuestas a una encuesta de 3.005 individuos, una muestra representativa de la población catalana en el 2002. La encuesta se realizó entre febrero y mayo del 2002, y se basó en entrevistas cara a cara a partir de un cuestionario de 179 preguntas. Se utilizaron fuentes secundarias para situar los resultados catalanes, particularmente sobre los usos de Internet, en el contexto global. El análisis se completó en el 2007 incorporando nuevos datos secundarios. El estudio cubrió las prácticas sociales de trabajo, comunicación, sociabilidad, usos de espacio y tiempo, usos de Internet, identidad cultural, práctica política, asociacionismo y formación de proyectos de autonomía. Se construyeron varios modelos estadísticos para proporcionar un análisis causal de cada una de estas áreas de estudio. El descubrimiento más significativo hace referencia a la relación entre los usos de Internet y la construcción de autonomía por los actores sociales. Utilizando análisis factorial, el estudio definió cinco índices de autonomía que eran independientes estadísticamente: la autonomía personal, la autonomía profesional, la autonomía comunicativa, la autonomía corporal y la autonomía sociopolítica. Cada uno de estos índices de autonomía independientes están estrechamente asociados con la frecuencia y la intensidad del uso de Internet, y las relaciones asociadas se mantienen cuando se controlan por variables sociodemográficas. A partir de este estudio se puede afirmar que Internet es una plataforma importante para la construcción de autonomía en la sociedad red. En general, la sociedad catalana parece cambiar del mismo modo que otras sociedades en transición, con el énfasis añadido del papel del territorio y la familia a la hora de fortalecer las relaciones sociales, con la contribución positiva de Internet a un patrón muy denso de interacción social. ; This study analyzes the everyday practices, social values, and attitudes of the Catalan population in the process of transition towards the network society. It analyzes behavior online and off-line, investigating the specific role of Internet uses in influencing practices and attitudes. It is based on the answers to a survey of 3,005 individuals, a representative sample of the Catalan population in 2002. The survey was conducted between February and May 2002, and was based on face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire of 179 questions. Secondary sources were used to place the Catalan findings, particularly on the uses of the Internet, in the global context. The analysis was completed in 2007 by incorporating new secondary data. The study covered social practices of work, communication, sociability, uses of space and time, uses of the Internet, cultural identity, political practice, associationism, and formation of individual projects. A number of statistical models were built to provide a causal analysis of each one of these areas of study. The most striking finding refers to the relationship between Internet uses and the construction of autonomy by social actors. Using factor analysis, the study defined five indexes of autonomy that were statistically independent: personal autonomy, professional autonomy, communicative autonomy, body autonomy, and socio-political autonomy. Each one of these independent autonomy indexes were closely associated with frequency and intensity of Internet use, and the relationship when controlled by socio-demographic variables. On the basis of this study it is possible to claim that Internet is a significant platform for the construction of autonomy in the network society. Overall, Catalan society seems to be changing along paths similar to those of other societies in transition, with the added emphasis of the role of territory and family in strengthening social relations, with the positive contribution of the Internet to a very dense pattern of social interaction.

International audience Marking the 25 th anniversary of the "digital divide," we continue our metaphor of the digital inequality stack by mapping out the rapidly evolving nature of digital inequality using a broad lens. We tackle complex, and often unseen, inequalities spawned by the platform economy, automation, big data, algorithms, cybercrime, cybersafety, gaming, emotional well-being, assistive technologies, civic engagement, and mobility. These inequalities are woven throughout the digital inequality stack in many ways including differentiated access, use, consumption, literacies, skills, and production. While many users are competent prosumers who nimbly work within different layers of the stack, very few individuals are "full stack engineers" able to create or recreate digital devices, networks, and software platforms as pure producers. This new frontier of digital inequalities further differentiates digitally skilled creators from mere users. Therefore, we document emergent forms of inequality that radically diminish individuals' agency and augment the power of technology creators, big tech, and other already powerful social actors whose dominance is increasing.

Are Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) connecting families? And what does this mean in terms of family routines, relationships, norms, work, intimacy and privacy? This edited collection takes a life course and generational perspective covering theory, including posthumanism and strong structuration theory, and methodology, including digital and cross-disciplinary methods. It presents a series of case studies on topics such as intergenerational connections, work-life balance, transnational families, digital storytelling and mobile parenting. It will give students, researchers and practitioners a variety of tools to make sense of how ICTs are used, appropriated and domesticated in family life. These tools allow for an informed and critical understanding of ICTs and family dynamics