Suchergebnisse

The inter- & non-state Commonwealths may be more necessary in the unilateralist world of the early twenty-first century than in the somewhat multilateral 'new world order' of the post-bipolar 1990s. But neither official nor unofficial Commonwealth has yet been treated seriously in the literatures & discourses of global governance or new multilateralisms. Given the Commonwealth's checkered history, including almost falling apart over the resilience of minority regimes in Southern Africa, it is remarkable that it has now come to suspend members who violate human rights, unlike almost all other international organizations. Currently, its myriad professional associations constitute a hotbed of civil society activity. If they are to survive, let alone thrive, in the new unilateral millennium, the Commonwealths need to harness such energy & potential. Adapted from the source document.

Papers presented at the International Seminar on "Globalisation: Opportunities and Challenges", held in Guntūr in 2005; organized by Centre for Scientific Socialism of Acharya Nagarjuna University, Andhra Pradesh, India

Our paper will show preliminary results of the FP7 EUCROSS project to examine the scope and nature of cross-border practices within six European nations (Germany, Italy, Spain, UK, Denmark and Romania), based on a quantitative survey undertaken on a random telephone sample of more than 6,000 EU residents. The paper presents the results of two hierarchical logistic regressions assessing the extent to which cross-border practices (mobility and consumption practices) can be associated with both European and global identities (feeling European - feeling citizen of the world). We show that transnational consumption practices are crucially associated with both European and global identities, and indeed are more important than socio-demographic variables and personal experiences of mobility. The systematic comparison of the results of both regressions helps us disentangle processes of cosmopolitisation and europeanisation of daily lives in the context of globalisation. Are the most mobile the most European? Or is it only some specific practices that trigger a higher affinity with the idea of Europe? Can cross-border practices be related to a greater cosmopolitan attitude defined as openness to diversity? We show that specific cross-border practices related to Europe (e.g. purchase in the EU – and not outside the EU, preferences for European cuisines, familiarity with specifically European countries) are associated with a stronger European identity. Other practices are associated with a global identity, such as listening to global music, indicating a certain degree of differentiation between the two processes.

Summary: Economics calls no morals or ethics. It claims to be science and it affirms that the proper functioning of individual interest constitutes the best economic and social solution for all economic agents. Any measure aimed at modifying the relentless and fair game of the market leads to perverse effects, such as unemployment, public debt or capital transfers, which will strain the future horizons of collective well-being. In this context, economic globalization constitutes major social progress. Heterodox economists question this sketchy concept of man. Concretely, the deviations from hypotheses compared to reality are numerous, such as the existence of competitive monopolies or oligopolies, the necessary political, strategic and sovereign interventions of the States, economic crises, growing inequalities, all the problems collective pollution and the excessive exploitation of the Earth that the particular economic interests can easily neglect to the detriment of the world community. ; Résumé : La science économique n'appelle aucune morale ou éthique. Elle se veut science et elle affirme que le bon fonctionnement de l'intérêt individuel constitue la meilleure solution économique et sociale pour l'ensemble des agents économiques. Toute mesure tendant à modifier le jeu implacable et juste du marché conduit à des effets pervers, comme le chômage, l'endettement public ou les transferts de capitaux, qui grèveront les futurs horizons du bien-être collectif. Dans ce contexte, la globalisation économique constitue un progrès social majeur. Les économistes hétérodoxes s'interrogent sur cette conception sommaire de l'homme. Concrètement, les entorses des hypothèses par rapport à la réalité sont nombreuses, comme l'existence de monopoles ou d'oligopoles concurrentiels, les interventions politiques, stratégiques et régaliennes nécessaires des Etats, les crises économiques, les inégalités croissantes, l'ensemble des problèmes de pollution collective, notamment le réchauffement climatique, et l'exploitation excessive de ...

In a globalised world, companies are encouraged to change the location of their activities in order to take advantage of the different advantages of the many eligible territories. For their part, public authorities at the various territorial levels are engaged in actions that can increase their attractiveness. However, it would be dangerous to perceive territories as simply competitors to capture market shares on the market for localisations of undertakings on the basis of generic advantages. The development of territories is, admittedly, dependent on the local advantages enjoyed by undertakings, but also on the link between territories, which, although in competition, are in competition with each other, but competition of multiple dimensions which can be beneficial to everyone. The question raised is not so much to identify the advantages of proximity, but to show how and how the performance of territories depends both on the agglomeration of activities and on the globalisation of trade in a context of permanent restructuring. The objective of public action is less to address direct cost benefits for businesses than to contribute to a coherent functioning of markets and to the development of cooperation between innovation actors in an open environment. The effectiveness of this action is conditional on the size of the geographical area concerned and/or the degree of cooperation between the different regions. The evolution of a policy aimed at the development of technopoles towards a policy of pole of competitiveness is significant of this requirement. ; In a globalised world, firms are looking for the best place to produce goods and services. Local governments, on the other hand, are looking to attract these firms and associated jobs on their territory. This leads to the outsourcing and relocation phenomena that are the most visible aspects of globalisation. However, it would be dangerous to consider that competition amongst geographical regions is a simple struggle for a larger share of activity.Regional ...

There has been no shortage of theories which purport to explain why globalisation may have, adverse, insignificant or even beneficial effects on income and earnings inequality. Surprisingly, the empirical realities remain an almost complete mystery. In this paper we use data on industrial wage inequality, household income inequality as well as measures of the economic, social and political dimensions of globalisation to examine this controversial issue. We find that the economic dimension of globalisation, and – less robustly – political integration, have exacerbated wage inequality in developed countries. In contrast, the impact of globalisation on both income and earnings inequality in less-developed countries has been negligible.