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Nearly twenty years ago, the editorial of ROAPE's first special issue (No. 30, 1984) on the Horn of Africa opened with the sombre comment: 'Manifold, violent social conflict is the hallmark of contemporary history in the Horn of Africa.' Civil wars were raging then in Sudan, Ethiopia and Somalia. The latter two states had fought their second war a few years earlier, and relations between them were extremely hostile. Each was patronised and armed by one of the rival superpowers that were running a cold war sideshow in this corner of African. Not unrelated to conflict, a biblical famine was ravaging the region for the second time within a decade. The editorial of the second ROAPE special issue (No. 70, 1996) on this region observed that some things there had changed for the better. One major conflict had ended when Eritrea gained its independence from Ethiopia, and both states now had a young, battle-tested and sophisticated leadership avowedly committed to peace and development. Foreign power interference had subsided with the end of the cold war, and a continent-wide wave of democratisation was seen lapping at the borders of the Horn. Interstate relations in the region had improved greatly, ambitious schemes of regional cooperation were envisaged, and demobilisation of armies and guerilla forces was in progress. Added to the expected peace dividend, foreign investment was anticipated to boost development now that socialism, previously the vogue in the region, had given way to the free market. The editorial also noted some things had changed for the worse. Conflict had caused the collapse of the Somali Republic – a first for Africa – and had spread to Djibouti and to parts of northern Sudan. The latter now claimed the dubious distinction of hosting Africa's oldest conflict.

"Das Thema maritime Sicherheit und ihre flächendeckende Gefährdung am Horn von Afrika ist durch die jüngsten Ereignisse in der Arabischen Welt seit Beginn des Jahres 2011 etwas in den Hintergrund der Medienberichterstattung gerückt. Dennoch bleibt die Region in Ostafrika aufgrund der andauernden Dürrekatastrophe und nun auch wegen der Entführungen in Kenia durch somalische Milizen von Bedeutung. Die somalischen Piraten haben ihren Einsatzradius, den internationalen Gegenoffensiven zum Trotz, erweitert." (Autorenreferat)

Das Thema maritime Sicherheit und ihre flächendeckende Gefährdung am Horn von Afrika ist durch die jüngsten Ereignisse in der Arabischen Welt seit Beginn des Jahres 2011 etwas in den Hintergrund der Medienberichterstattung gerückt. Dennoch bleibt die Region in Ostafrika aufgrund der andauernden Dürrekatastrophe und nun auch wegen der Entführungen in Kenia durch somalische Milizen von Bedeutung. Die somalischen Piraten haben ihren Einsatzradius, den internationalen Gegenoffensiven zum Trotz, erweitert. (KAS-Auslandsinformationen / SWP)

Discusses conflict in the Horn of Africa, focusing on relations between Eritrea and Ethiopia, and the situation in Somalia and the Sudan; 8 articles. Contents: The betrayals of the intellectuals, by Ali Moussa Iye; The Ethiopia-Eritrea war, by Leenco Lata; TPLF: reform or decline?, by Medhane Tadesse, John Young; State collapse in Somalia: second thoughts, by Ken Menkhaus; Sudan: liberation movements, regional armies, ethnic militias & peace, by John Young; Eritrea: transition to dictatorship, 1991-2003, by Debessay Hedru; Anatomy of a conflict: Afar and Ise Ethiopia, by John Markakis; Somaliland: choosing politics over violence, by Mark Bradbury, Adan Yusuf Abokor, and Haroon Ahmed Yusuf.

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