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Research on the management of mass media must begin by studying the origins, careers, & values of the people who run them. Special attention should be paid to critical incidents in which conflicting values are reconciled through difficult decisions. The study of media managements poses special problems for the social researcher. It is difficult to subsume all media & all levels of management within the same theoretical structure. A variety of fields of social science offer potential hypotheses for investigation. AA.

The impact of the new media on the old is described and competition among the various media as well. It is concluded that the FCC's discouragement of cross-channel affiliation seems fo induce adjustments which are likely to improve the media. An anti-affiliation rule may aggravate the older media's sensitivity to organized groups, especially in the short run. But in newspaper publishing, long run adjustments in price and quality, developing the newspaper's strong points, seem to have helped the printed medium to hold its ovn. And though TV's sharp blows on radio and the movies may well continue, them ~s some evidence that competitive adjustments may eventually help stabilize the older media. Indeed many (though not all) adjustments older media have made to their newer rivals, appear to enhance the adequacy of the press in their own right. Economic stability of media, lastly, may facilitate realization of certain theoretical benefits of separate ownership. It follows that FCC would do well to reconsider the meaning of its Newspaper Rule today and also ways of applying it to movie producers and theater owners. (AA).

The explosive growth of public opinion polling in recent years has produced a variety of significant consequences for the American news media. Poll information has become a newsworthy staple, particularly during election campaigns when survey findings are one of the leading categories of news. Polling has a distinct impact on the nature of political news coverage, shaping the allocation of coverage, the horse-race focus in campaigns, and election-day reporting. Findings from opinion surveys also play a role in editorial commentary and endorsements and provide an important resource for journalists in their adversarial relationship with government leaders. As a key component of precision journalism, polling has introduced a quantitative element into the traditionally qualitative news profession.

Ample work in political communication showed that high-level politicians get more media attention than their lower ranking colleagues. With power comes media attention. More than hard work, charisma, or experience, it is the political function performed by politicians that is the crucial factor in explaining how much media attention they receive. But what about the opposite relationship: does media attention also generate power? In this paper, we examine the media path leading to power. Basically, two important career steps of politicians are assessed: becoming a party leader and becoming a minister; we test whether, compared to those who did not make a top career, the politicians who came to take these steps were more prominent in the media before they moved up and became elite politicians. We draw on the case of Belgium here and leverage on a longitudinal automated media content analysis (2000–2020) combined with a data set of 532 national/regional politicians and their careers. The study finds that media occurrences matters for being promoted to a top function in Belgium, more so for becoming a minister than for becoming a party leader. Furthermore, rejecting our initial idea based on political mediatization theories, the influence of media occurrence does not seem to increase through time for both functions.

Ed Shane here traces a change in the American pervasive mass media that once disseminated information quickly and stimulated mass cultural response, to a de-massified individual media that incubate a new electronic narcissicism, producing an inwardly-focused society