This innovative book analyses the role gender plays in the relationship between globalisation, migration and reproductive labour. Exploring the gendered experiences of migrant men and the social construction of racialised masculinities in the context of the 'international division of reproductive labour' (IDRL), it examines how new patterns of consumption and provision of paid domestic/care work lead to forms of inequality across racial, ethnic, gender and class lines. Based on an ethnographic analysis of the working and family lives of migrant men within the IDRL, it focuses on the practices and strategies of migrant men employed as domestic/care workers in Italy. The authors highlight how migrant men's experiences of reproductive labour and family are shaped by global forces and national public policies, and how they negotiate the changes and potential conflicts that their 'feminised' jobs entail. They draw on the voices of men and women of different nationalities to show how masculinities are constructed within the home through migrant men's interactions with male and female employers, women relations and their wider ethnic network. Bridging the divide between scholarship on international migration, care work and masculinity studies, this book will interest sociologists, anthropologists, economists, political scientists and social policy experts.
Female drug addicts are often stereotyped either as promiscuous, lazy, and selfish, or as weak, scared, and trapped into addiction. These depictions typify the "pathology and powerlessness" narrative that has historically characterized popular and academic conversations about female substance abusers. Neither Villain Nor Victim attempts to correct these polarizing perspectives by presenting a critical feminist analysis of the drug world. By shifting the discussion to one centered on women's agency and empowerment, this book reveals the complex experiences and social relationships of women addicts. Essays explore a range of topics, including the many ways that women negotiate the illicit drug world, how former drug addicts manage the more intimate aspects of their lives as they try to achieve abstinence, how women tend to use intervention resources more positively than their male counterparts, and how society can improve its response to female substance abusers by moving away from social controls (such as the criminalization of prostitution) and rehabilitative programs that have been shown to fail women in the long term. Advancing important new perspectives about the position of women in the drug world, this book is essential reading in courses on women and crime, feminist theory, and criminal justice
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This book examines health trajectories and health transitions at different stages of the life course, including childhood, adulthood and later life. It provides findings that assess the role of biological and social transitions on health status over time.The essays examine a wide range of health issues, including the consequences of military service on body mass index, childhood obesity and cardiovascular health, socio-economic inequalities in preventive health care use, depression and anxiety during the child rearing period, health trajectories and transitions in people with cystic fibrosis, and oral health over the life course. The book addresses theoretical, empirical and methodological issues as well as examines different national contexts, which help to identify factors of vulnerability and potential resources that support resilience available for specific groups and/or populations. Health reflects the ability of individuals to adapt to their social environment. This book analyzes health as a dynamic experience. It examines how different aspects of individual health unfold over time as a result of aging but also in relation to changing socioeconomic conditions. It also offers readers potential insights into public policies that affect the health status of a population.
The central argument of this book is that the univocal ontology and corresponding immanent metaphysics of the French philosopher Gilles Deleuze (1925-1995) can provide a theoretical perspective capable of accounting for the complex nature of world politics. Drawing on a wide variety of Deleuze's writings, it develops a thorough investigation of his ontology and metaphysics as they pertain to core questions of world politics such as power, identity, hierarchy, space, time, territory and the state. The book explores the dynamics of contemporary world politics and issues by focusing on the 'anti' or 'alter-globalization movement' (AGM). It analyses several approaches to social and political theory which deal explicitly with the AGM including global governance theory, international relations, social movement theory, Marxism, and post-Marxism. These are contrasted with a larger Deleuzian theory which can be of use when addressing the diffuse, and often paradoxical aspects of world politics. Deleuze's work poses a major challenge to traditional understanding of global politics and this book will be of considerable interest to those with an interest in social and political theory, critical international relations and globalization studies.
The labor issue understood in a broad sense has become part of the topics on the agenda of international institutions, of the corresponding forums and bodies in the regions and integration processes, and also of governments at the national level. Ultimately, the labor issue in its various manifestations has become one of the substantive aspects of the social issue. In the present work, responses given by the regional processes of North America, Europe and the Southern Cone of Latin America regarding the inclusion of the social dimension in international trade are visualized and it is proposed that the debate in international instances shows the difficulties in defining certain nuclear principles that make it possible to advance in the concretion of norms and rules in the different frameworks of labor relations that affect production and trade. ; La cuestión laboral entendida en un sentido amplio ha pasado a formar parte de los temas de la agenda de las instituciones internacionales, de los foros y órganos correspondientes en las regiones y procesos de integración, y también de los gobiernos en el nivel nacional. En definitiva, la cuestión laboral en sus diversas manifestaciones ha pasado a conformar uno de los aspectos sustantivos de la cuestión social. En el presente trabajo se visualizan las respuestas que otorgan los procesos regionales de América del Norte, de Europa y del Cono Sur de América Latina frente a la inclusión de la dimensión social en el comercio internacional y se plantea que el debate en las instancias internacionales muestra las dificultades para definir determinados principios nucleares que posibiliten avanzar en la concreción de normas y reglas en los diferentes marcos de relaciones laborales que afectan a la producción y al comercio.
Legal status of men who have donated sperm used by women for self-insemination vs. that of sperm donors for artificial insemination performed by a doctor; with reference to child custody and reproductive freedom for lesbians; Great Britain.
Die doppelte und dreifache Diskriminierung der Frauen kommt insbesondere bei der Migration zum Vorschein und wirkt sich sowohl im sozialen als auch im rechtlichen System negativ auf ihre Lebenssituation aus. Es handelt sich um Diskriminierung aufgrund des Geschlechtes, der Ethnie, der Religion und wird auch in der letzten Zeit am Arbeitsmarkt ausgetragen. Daher werden in dieser Masterarbeit die frauenspezifischen Fluchtgründe und ihre Auswirkungen auf die rechtliche und soziale Lebenssituation der Migrantinnen im Raum Graz analysiert. Der Schwerpunkt wurde auf die frauenspezifischen Fluchtgründe wie Genitalverstümmelung, Zwangsheirat und Frauenhandel gelegt, da hier am deutlichsten gezeigt werden kann, dass rechtliche Aspekte im praktischen Leben der Fluchtmigrantinnen sehr oft nicht anwendbar sind. Damit die Kluft zwischen den rechtlichen Aspekten und dem praktischen Leben gezeigt werden kann, wurden die wichtigsten Rechtsquellen im Asylrecht aus der Genderperspektive heraus analysiert und daran anschließend frauenspezifische Fluchtgründe untersucht. Die rechtlichen Unstimmigkeiten im EU-Asylrecht können am besten an Beispielen der frauenspezifischen Fluchtgründe wie Genitalverstümmelung, Zwangsheirat und Frauenhandel veranschaulicht werden.Darüber hinaus werden die Begrifflichkeiten erklärt sowie die bestehenden Rechtsquellen kritisch untersucht, die die frauenspezifischen Fluchtgründe als solche nicht deutlich wahrnehmen und definieren. Ein wichtiger Aspekt stellen soziale und rechtliche Auswirkungen der Fluchtmigration im Raum Graz dar, die in dieser Masterarbeit unter die Lupe genommen werden. Schließlich werden die Thesen mit einigen Fallbeispielen bekräftigt, die aus meiner Arbeit bei der Caritas am Projekt ?Gewalt im Namen der Ehre? herangeholt werden und darauf hinweisen, dass Frauen, die zwangsverheiratet sind oder Gewalt in der Familie erfahren, weiterhin struktureller Unterdrückung ausgesetzt sind. ; The double and triple discrimination against women is especially coming to light during migration, as it affects their life situation negatively both in the social and legal system. This issue of gender, race and religious discrimination encounters the labor market lately. The theme of this master thesis therefore is to analyze the female-specific flight reasons and its impact on the legal and social situation of migrants in the area of Graz. The main focus lies on the women-specific reasons for flight, such as genital mutilation, forced marriages and trafficking of women, because the above mentioned practices tend to most evidently demonstrate the inapplicability of the legal aspects in the practical life of forced migrants. The most significant sources of law regarding the right of asylum from a gender perspective are analyzed in order to manifest a wide gulf between the legal and practical aspects of life. The juridical inconsistencies in EU asylum law and policy are best represented by the examples of women-specific flight reasons, such as genital mutilation, forced marriages and trafficking of women. This master thesis sets out an important aspect of social and legal implications of forced migration in the Graz area. In addition, the social obstacles and the problems of living life in exile, such as the socio-cultural and political integration into the existing society and the labor market, are shown from a gender perspective. Finally, these findings are confirmed through case studies, and they do reaffirm the experiences and knowledge that I did gain from my practical work for Caritas on a project called ?Gewalt im Namen der Ehre/Violence in the Name of Honor?. These experiences point out that women forced into marriage and/or subjected to violence in the family, are further exposed to continued structural oppression. ; vorgelegt von Emina Saric ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers ; Graz, Univ., Masterarb., 2012 ; (VLID)217150
Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- The Theoretical Rationale -- The Book Outline -- Chapter 1: Ipe and Migration: The Role of the State -- Chapter 2: The three paradoxes of globalisation and migration -- Chapter 3: The paradox of marginalisation: the case of migration from the MENA area to the EU -- Chapter 4: The paradox of regionalisation within globalisation: migration to the EU and migration to the US compared -- Chapter 5: The paradox of securitisation: Is there a common migratory policy in the eu? -- Chapter 6: Towards a political economy of irregular migration: theory and practice -- Chapter 7: The insertion of migrants into the labour force of receiving countries: competition or complementarity? -- Chapter 8: Migration and social capital: from islamophobia to social unrest and terrorism -- Chapter 9: Populism and migration -- Conclusion: Migration and the dark side of globalisation -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 IPE and Migration: The Role of the State -- Positioning the Book in the IPE Debate: The State of the Debate -- Realist Approaches to the IPE of Immigration: The State in the Debate -- The Liberal-State Thesis and the Role of the Judiciary in the Neo-Institutionalist View -- Conclusion -- References -- 2 The Three Paradoxes of Globalisation and Migration -- Does Globalisation (Still) Exist? Between Sceptics and the De-Globalisation Debate -- The Consequences of Globalisation on Migration and the New Global Division of Labour and Power -- Discussing the Relation Between Globalisation and Migration in Sociology -- Conclusion: The Three Paradoxes of Regionalisation, Marginalisation and Securitisation within Globalisation -- References -- 3 The Paradox of Marginalisation: The Case of Migration from the Mena Area to the EU -- Introduction.
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Esta nota no intentará cerrar la brecha entre los modelos analíticos del economista y la realidad exuberante del politólogo, sino esbozar a grandes trazos un programa de investigación común a las dos disciplinas. La siguiente sección describe el carácter metodológico del programa neoclásico, entendido en este sentido general, y aclara algunos, malentendidos del escéptico tradicional. Hay que notar que la interpretación que ofrecemos (y aplicamos en las siguientes secciones) tiene dos precedentes relevantes en el pensamiento político: uno en la tradición utópica de la teoría política, a partir de La República de Platón; otro, más relevante, en las teorías de contrato social (postulado hipotéticamente en un "estado natural" o "posición original" límite), desde Hobbes hasta Rawls. Nos referiremos en particular a la segunda teoría para introducir los resultados centrales del programa neoclásico en la política. La sección 2 considera la política desde una perspectiva hobbesiana: como límite de la descentralización económica, en ausencia de mecanismos de decisión colectiva representativos. La sección 3 postula la reducción alternativa vía la descentralización política, asociada a Rousseau, e investiga sus límites a partir de la teoría de elección social. Las dos últimas secciones extraen dos implicaciones constructivas de los resultados anteriores. La primera postula un campo aún virgen para el avance del programa neoclásico sobre la política, la "política de bienestar", dedicado al análisis normativo y al diseño de reformas óptimas de las instituciones políticas (sección 4). La segunda nos lleva a una concepción "deliberativa" de la democracia liberal como alternativa tanto al paradigma neoclásico como a las recientes críticas comunitarias de la filosofía liberal (sección 5).
Even as unemployment rates soared during the Great Depression, FDR's relief and social security programmes faced attacks in Congress and the courts on the legitimacy of federal aid to the growing population of poor. In response, New Dealers pointed to a long tradition - dating back to 1790 and now largely forgotten - of federal aid to victims of disaster. In 'The Sympathetic State', Michele Landis Dauber recovers this crucial aspect of American history, tracing the roots of the modern American welfare state beyond the New Deal and the Progressive Era back to the earliest days of the republic when relief was forthcoming for the victims of wars, fires, floods, hurricanes, and earthquakes.
La créativité est perçue actuellement comme étant un des facteurs décisifs pour le développement territorial. Dans ce cadre, les thèses de Richard Florida ou de Charles Landry sur la classe et la ville créatives ont une large influence sur les stratégies de développement urbain et régional. Toutefois, ces modèles produisent fréquemment l'exclusion sociale et des espaces urbains fragmentés. Les effets adverses de ces modèles ont fait émerger le concept de territoire socialement créatif (région, ville ou quartier), où l'innovation est promue dans une perspective intégrée, c'est-à-dire, combinant la technologie, l'économie, la culture et les relations sociales et politiques. En nous basant sur l'information disponible pour les régions et villes de la Péninsule Ibérique, nous traitons, dans cet article, deux aspects que nous considérons pertinents au débat sur la créativité des territoires. Le premier concerne l'hétérogénéité de la « classe créative », un groupe qui inclut des segments socio-professionnels ayant des valeurs, des attitudes et des sociabilités très diverses. Le second se rattache aux conditions définissant un milieu socialement créatif – diversité socioculturelle, tolérance, participation civique et capital social approprié collectivement. Les données analysées permettent de vérifier qu'il n'y a pas une corrélation étroite entre milieux socialement créatifs et expression géographique de l'emploi créatif, à l'exception de certaines régions espagnoles (Pays Basque, Aragon, Baléares et Canaries) où semble exister une corrélation positive entre les deux, certainement générant de nouvelles opportunités pour le développement des territoires. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
In: Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. Vol. 166: Proceedings of The International Conference on Research Paradigms Transformation in Social Sciences 2014 (RPTSS-2014), 16–18 October 2014, Tomsk, Russia, 2015.
The article investigates the impact of the information technology revolution on shifts in the social structure of the contemporary Russian society. The revolutionary changes in the social life of the elderly are examined. The specific features of the information technology revolution in Russia, along with general, inherent features of all developed countries, have a significant impact on all aspects of the modernization of contemporary Russian society. The elderly are the most socially vulnerable group in need of a decent quality of life and health.It is emphasized that the rapid ageing of the population as a whole and the high rate of labor activity among the elderly is leading to a more intensively ageing of the workforce in Russia when compared with developing countries. At the same time, there is an increasingly significant need for the development of social services such as education, health care, medical services, vocational training and the retraining of the elderly. Annual government spending on social programs is insufficient, not only in providing a system of social services that meet the needs of the era of the information technology revolution, but also in solving the acute problems such as poverty among the elderly. The authors justify the necessity to integrate the elderly into the World Wide Web (Internet) in order to expand their opportunities for social self-identification and to carry out multifaceted human potential. The Internet is seen by users as a means of dialogue - a two-way communication between people. It acts as an intermediary between the public and local authorities. In this regard, wide access to information currently gives senior citizens many more opportunities, and utility maximization occurs at higher levels of need gratification.
L'auteur, s'appuyant sur des statistiques et plus de cent entretiens, conteste l'héritage de P. Bourdieu et propose une autre vision des pratiques culturelles. Selon lui, dans toutes les classes sociales se retrouvent des préférences culturelles qui mélangent haute culture, sous-culture et simple divertissement. Il privilégie ainsi les singularités individuelles
