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International audience ; The same sociological study was carried out in Hungary and in France (C. Louveau and M. Metoudi 1987). This concerned the practise of sports, in the large sense 1 , within the two populations and allowed us to measure the situations from the same theoretical point of view by using the same questionnaire and by analysing the data from the same hypotheses and statistical processes. This is the report of the first comparison of data; it shows some of the greatest similarities and differences noted and suggests some possible explanations. It presents the overall results in a rough ontline form to shed light on the specific characteristics of the two sports cultures, playing on the contrast between them. This report is no more than a rough sketch leading to curiosities and questions, inviting other analyses of the same data. This lack of pretension is even more justified given the circumstances: the French survey was carried out first (in 1985) and the results had already been analysed and published (P. Irlinger/C. Louveau and M. Metoudi 1987)) when we began to compare the sports habits of the two countries, and therefore when we had barely discovered the Hungarian data. The Hungarian survey was taken in 1988 and the first figure listings and initial analyses were released in 1989 (G. Földesi 1989). However, it was the French conclusions which, for the most part, shaped our questioning of the situation. There is nothing surprising in this: sociological work necessarily relies on given facts, and for this work the given facts were closely related and easily accessible; they inevitably guided our footsteps. 2 Also these guidelines can be modified in the future, when the careful analysis of the Hungarian data raises questions and suggest other lines of comparison.

International audience ; The same sociological study was carried out in Hungary and in France (C. Louveau and M. Metoudi 1987). This concerned the practise of sports, in the large sense 1 , within the two populations and allowed us to measure the situations from the same theoretical point of view by using the same questionnaire and by analysing the data from the same hypotheses and statistical processes. This is the report of the first comparison of data; it shows some of the greatest similarities and differences noted and suggests some possible explanations. It presents the overall results in a rough ontline form to shed light on the specific characteristics of the two sports cultures, playing on the contrast between them. This report is no more than a rough sketch leading to curiosities and questions, inviting other analyses of the same data. This lack of pretension is even more justified given the circumstances: the French survey was carried out first (in 1985) and the results had already been analysed and published (P. Irlinger/C. Louveau and M. Metoudi 1987)) when we began to compare the sports habits of the two countries, and therefore when we had barely discovered the Hungarian data. The Hungarian survey was taken in 1988 and the first figure listings and initial analyses were released in 1989 (G. Földesi 1989). However, it was the French conclusions which, for the most part, shaped our questioning of the situation. There is nothing surprising in this: sociological work necessarily relies on given facts, and for this work the given facts were closely related and easily accessible; they inevitably guided our footsteps. 2 Also these guidelines can be modified in the future, when the careful analysis of the Hungarian data raises questions and suggest other lines of comparison.

4 To Touch or Not to Touch? Exploring the Dilemmas and Ambiguities Associated with Touch in Social Work and Social Care SettingsPart II Ethical Tensions? Ambivalent Ethics and Adult Social Work; 5 Doing What's Best, but Best for Whom? Ethics and the Mental Health Social Worker; 6 Ethical Contradictions in Critiques of Psychiatry; 7 An Ethics Journey: Ethical Governance of Social Research with Vulnerable Adults and the Implications for Practice; Part III Contesting Modernisation; 8 Where Did We Go Wrong? An Analysis of Conflicts of Interest, Perverse Financial Incentives and NOMBism.

Intro -- TOWARD A POST-MARKET SOCIETY -- TOWARD A POST-MARKET SOCIETY -- LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION -- COMMON ILLUSIONS -- A NEW LOGIC -- A NEW COLLABORATION -- ECONOMICS AND SOLIDARITY -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2: THE SOCIOLOGICAL TRADITION, REALISM, AND SOCIAL CONTROL -- INTRODUCTION -- THE FRENCH TRADITION -- THE HOBBESIAN PROBLEM REVISITED -- IMMIGRANTS BEWARE! -- REALISM UNDER SIEGE -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3: NEO-LIBERALISM AND THE MARKET SOCIETY -- INTRODUCTION -- HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF NEO-LIBERALISM -- NEO-LIBERALISM AND MARKET FUNDAMENTALISM -- NEOLIBERALISM, HUMAN NATURE, AND THE EROSION OF "THE SOCIAL" -- NEO-LIBERALISM AND FREEDOM -- NEO-LIBERAL DEMOCRACY -- THE END OF NEO-LIBERALISM? -- CONCLUSION: BREAKING FROM "CONVENIENT CYNICISM:" BEYOND ABSTRACT REALISM AND THE MARKET SOCIETY -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4: THE KEYNESIAN REVOLUTION: MARKET RATIONALITY AND SOCIALLY SENSITIVE ECONOMICS -- INTRODUCTION -- REASON, MODERNITY AND THE MARKET -- KEYNES AND THE MARKET: THE IRRATIONALITYOF RATIONAL SYSTEMS -- THE GOLD STANDARD -- INTERNATIONAL TRADE -- DOMESTIC EMPLOYMENT MARKETS -- INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS -- KEYNESIAN REVOLUTION: SOCIALLY SENSITIVE ECONOMICS -- BEYOND MARKET PAROCHIALISM -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5: RAWLS' PROPERTY-OWNING DEMOCRACY -- INTRODUCTION -- RAWLSIAN FOUNDATIONS -- THE MARKET: VALUES AND LIMITATIONS -- RAWLSIAN POST-MARKET SOCIETY -- MARKETS AND JUSTICE -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 6: THE MODERN WORLD AND THE "TOTAL MARKET" -- THE FLATTENED WORLD OF THE TOTAL MARKET -- A POST-UTOPIAN CAPITALISM -- THE METAPHYSICS OF THE TOTAL MARKET -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7: THE URGENT NEED FOR POST-MARKET ETHICS -- WHY POST-MARKET ETHICS? -- GLOBALIZATION AND THE RISEOF NEOLIBERAL ETHICS.

The article reveals the issues connected with the legal characteristic of the right to social assistance in the present conditions. The peculiarities of the formation of the right to social assistance through the prism of the right to social protection are analized. The key role of social assistance among types of social security is noted. The article emphasizes the need to take into account European social standards in shaping the latest system of social benefits. The emphasis is put on certain types of state and social insurance assistance. The basic tendencies of development of the legislation on social assistance are discussed.It is noted that the right to social assistance is a complex, systematic social right which includes the possibility for a person to receive financial support in the form of a cash in the event of full, partial, or temporary loss of disability, loss of breadwinner, unemployment from circumstances independent of them, as well as in old age and in other cases, in the manner prescribed by law. The main features of the right to social assistance are as follows: complex and systematic social rights; stems from the content of the right to social protection; functions in state and non-state social protection and social insurance system; the object is social assistance and its individual types; entitled persons are mainly socially vulnerable categories of persons who can not independently provide their livelihoods on an adequate level; as a rule, guaranteed when the person is not entitled to a pension; subject mainly to legislative regulation, a special place in which belongs to the law on the State Budget for the relevant year; characterized by the existence of specific mechanisms for implementation, guarantee and legal protection; determined, as a rule, in relation to the subsistence minimum; to be monitored, supervised and controlled.It is obvious that in the current situation, an important social strategy should be further harmonization of the size of the subsistence minimum with a sufficient standard of living, which will ensure the proper level and quality of life of eligible persons, including by agreeing the subsistence minimum for able-bodied and disabled people to a higher level.In the context of the reform of social protection, the reform of social assistance should be carried out through the prism of reforms of the system of state social protection; reforms of the social insurance system; development of non-state social protection; increasing the effectiveness, efficiency and accessibility of the right to social assistance; systematization and codification of legislation on social protection.The main tendencies of legislative provision of the right to social assistance are as follows: organization of systemic economic reforms; organization and implementation of social protection reform, taking into account international and national experience; ensuring the effectiveness, accessibility and effectiveness of implementation mechanisms, guaranteeing and legal protection of the right to social assistance and its separate types; implementation of state and public support; the latest systematization and codification of legislation on social protection; introduction of effective monitoring, supervision and control. In this aspect, the issue of elaboration and adoption of the Social Code of Ukraine as a single, codified law, which has a complex regulation of relations in the field of social security (social protection), including social assistance, is of great importance.Article received 10.07.2018 ; У статті розкрито питання, пов'язані із правовою характеристикою права на соціальні допомоги в умовах сьогодення. Наголошено на особливостях формування права на соціальні допомоги крізь призму права на соціальний захист. Відзначено ключову роль соціальних допомог серед видів соціального забезпечення. Підкреслено необхідність урахування європейських соціальних стандартів при формуванні новітньої системи соціальних допомог. Акцентовано увагу на окремих видах державних і страхових соціальних допомог. Наголошено на основоположних тенденціях розвитку законодавства про соціальні допомоги.Матеріал надійшов 10.07.2018

The article reveals the issues connected with the legal characteristic of the right to social assistance in the present conditions. The peculiarities of the formation of the right to social assistance through the prism of the right to social protection are analized. The key role of social assistance among types of social security is noted. The article emphasizes the need to take into account European social standards in shaping the latest system of social benefits. The emphasis is put on certain types of state and social insurance assistance. The basic tendencies of development of the legislation on social assistance are discussed.It is noted that the right to social assistance is a complex, systematic social right which includes the possibility for a person to receive financial support in the form of a cash in the event of full, partial, or temporary loss of disability, loss of breadwinner, unemployment from circumstances independent of them, as well as in old age and in other cases, in the manner prescribed by law. The main features of the right to social assistance are as follows: complex and systematic social rights; stems from the content of the right to social protection; functions in state and non-state social protection and social insurance system; the object is social assistance and its individual types; entitled persons are mainly socially vulnerable categories of persons who can not independently provide their livelihoods on an adequate level; as a rule, guaranteed when the person is not entitled to a pension; subject mainly to legislative regulation, a special place in which belongs to the law on the State Budget for the relevant year; characterized by the existence of specific mechanisms for implementation, guarantee and legal protection; determined, as a rule, in relation to the subsistence minimum; to be monitored, supervised and controlled.It is obvious that in the current situation, an important social strategy should be further harmonization of the size of the subsistence minimum with a sufficient standard of living, which will ensure the proper level and quality of life of eligible persons, including by agreeing the subsistence minimum for able-bodied and disabled people to a higher level.In the context of the reform of social protection, the reform of social assistance should be carried out through the prism of reforms of the system of state social protection; reforms of the social insurance system; development of non-state social protection; increasing the effectiveness, efficiency and accessibility of the right to social assistance; systematization and codification of legislation on social protection.The main tendencies of legislative provision of the right to social assistance are as follows: organization of systemic economic reforms; organization and implementation of social protection reform, taking into account international and national experience; ensuring the effectiveness, accessibility and effectiveness of implementation mechanisms, guaranteeing and legal protection of the right to social assistance and its separate types; implementation of state and public support; the latest systematization and codification of legislation on social protection; introduction of effective monitoring, supervision and control. In this aspect, the issue of elaboration and adoption of the Social Code of Ukraine as a single, codified law, which has a complex regulation of relations in the field of social security (social protection), including social assistance, is of great importance.Article received 10.07.2018 ; У статті розкрито питання, пов'язані із правовою характеристикою права на соціальні допомоги в умовах сьогодення. Наголошено на особливостях формування права на соціальні допомоги крізь призму права на соціальний захист. Відзначено ключову роль соціальних допомог серед видів соціального забезпечення. Підкреслено необхідність урахування європейських соціальних стандартів при формуванні новітньої системи соціальних допомог. Акцентовано увагу на окремих видах державних і страхових соціальних допомог. Наголошено на основоположних тенденціях розвитку законодавства про соціальні допомоги.Матеріал надійшов 10.07.2018

The article reveals the issues connected with the legal characteristic of the right to social assistance in the present conditions. The peculiarities of the formation of the right to social assistance through the prism of the right to social protection are analized. The key role of social assistance among types of social security is noted. The article emphasizes the need to take into account European social standards in shaping the latest system of social benefits. The emphasis is put on certain types of state and social insurance assistance. The basic tendencies of development of the legislation on social assistance are discussed.It is noted that the right to social assistance is a complex, systematic social right which includes the possibility for a person to receive financial support in the form of a cash in the event of full, partial, or temporary loss of disability, loss of breadwinner, unemployment from circumstances independent of them, as well as in old age and in other cases, in the manner prescribed by law. The main features of the right to social assistance are as follows: complex and systematic social rights; stems from the content of the right to social protection; functions in state and non-state social protection and social insurance system; the object is social assistance and its individual types; entitled persons are mainly socially vulnerable categories of persons who can not independently provide their livelihoods on an adequate level; as a rule, guaranteed when the person is not entitled to a pension; subject mainly to legislative regulation, a special place in which belongs to the law on the State Budget for the relevant year; characterized by the existence of specific mechanisms for implementation, guarantee and legal protection; determined, as a rule, in relation to the subsistence minimum; to be monitored, supervised and controlled.It is obvious that in the current situation, an important social strategy should be further harmonization of the size of the subsistence minimum with a sufficient standard of living, which will ensure the proper level and quality of life of eligible persons, including by agreeing the subsistence minimum for able-bodied and disabled people to a higher level.In the context of the reform of social protection, the reform of social assistance should be carried out through the prism of reforms of the system of state social protection; reforms of the social insurance system; development of non-state social protection; increasing the effectiveness, efficiency and accessibility of the right to social assistance; systematization and codification of legislation on social protection.The main tendencies of legislative provision of the right to social assistance are as follows: organization of systemic economic reforms; organization and implementation of social protection reform, taking into account international and national experience; ensuring the effectiveness, accessibility and effectiveness of implementation mechanisms, guaranteeing and legal protection of the right to social assistance and its separate types; implementation of state and public support; the latest systematization and codification of legislation on social protection; introduction of effective monitoring, supervision and control. In this aspect, the issue of elaboration and adoption of the Social Code of Ukraine as a single, codified law, which has a complex regulation of relations in the field of social security (social protection), including social assistance, is of great importance.Article received 10.07.2018 ; У статті розкрито питання, пов'язані із правовою характеристикою права на соціальні допомоги в умовах сьогодення. Наголошено на особливостях формування права на соціальні допомоги крізь призму права на соціальний захист. Відзначено ключову роль соціальних допомог серед видів соціального забезпечення. Підкреслено необхідність урахування європейських соціальних стандартів при формуванні новітньої системи соціальних допомог. Акцентовано увагу на окремих видах державних і страхових соціальних допомог. Наголошено на основоположних тенденціях розвитку законодавства про соціальні допомоги.Матеріал надійшов 10.07.2018

Modern society directs individuals towards the necessity of forming distinctive value orientations concerning personal and professional self-determination. The evolution of technologies, the emergence of new societal demands placed upon individuals and their social roles, and, crucially, the pursuit of self-identity and self-awareness within specific socio-cultural activities all necessitate examination through a cultural-philosophical lens. The phenomenon of "personal self-determination", as well as the process of personal formation, require modern clarifications and additions, manifesting in the independent assessment of their capabilities, inclinations, and interests, which may be realized within a specific social milieu. Personal self-determination serves as a reflection of the evolving demands and expectations of modern culture, society, and the individual towards himself. The content of this concept not only synthesizes the aggregate desires and needs of the individual but also becomes a specific temporal demand of society for addressing economic and social challenges. We posit that presently, the content of the concept of "personal self-determination" underscores a high level of individual responsibility, which finds reflection in the actualization of the notion of "public service".