Search results

Cet article a l'intention d'offrir des conclusions pour les mouvements migratoires qui menèrent à la création de villes industrielles. On y étudie quatre aspects spécifiques de ce processus: les aires de recrutement pour une population urbaine, les étapes du processus migratoire et l'influence exercée par les structures familiales et par le cycle familial sur la décision d'émigrer ou non. La méthodologie utilisée ici permet d'abord de suivre les routes choisies par les migrants dans une région à forte mobilité et de proposer, de plus, des éclaircissements en fonction des états intermédiaires entre travail rural et travail urbain. Elle permet également l'analyse des rapports entre le cycle familial et la possession de biens et le type de migration. Cet article affirme qu'en Catalogne les migrations internes au 19ème siècle sont le résultat d'une stratégic d'adaptation rendue nécessaire par les changements dus à la transition au capitalisme industriel.

Background Although abortion is a common gynecological procedure around the globe, we lack synthesis of the known macroeconomic costs and outcomes of abortion care and abortion policies. This scoping review synthesizes the literature on the impact of abortion-related care and abortion policies on economic outcomes at the macroeconomic level (that is, for societies and nation states). Methods and findings Searches were conducted in eight electronic databases. We conducted the searches and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria using the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews. For inclusion, studies must have examined one of the following macroeconomic outcomes: costs, impacts, benefits, and/or value of abortion care or abortion policies. Quantitative and qualitative data were extracted for descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Of the 189 data extractions with macroeconomic evidence, costs at the national level are the most frequently reported economic outcome (n = 97), followed by impacts (n = 66), and benefits/value (n = 26). Findings show that post-abortion care services can constitute a substantial portion of national expenditures on health. Public sector coverage of abortion costs is sparse, and individuals bear most of the costs. Evidence also indicates that liberalizing abortion laws can have positive spillover effects for women's educational attainment and labor supply, and that access to abortion services contributes to improvements in children's human capital. However, the political economy around abortion legislation remains complicated and controversial. Conclusions Given the highly charged political nature of abortion around the global and the preponderance of rhetoric that can cloud reality in policy dialogues, it is imperative that social science researchers build the evidence base on the macroeconomic outcomes of abortion services and regulations.

In Europe, the far right is gaining momentum on the streets and in parliaments. By taking a close look at contemporary practices and strategies of far-right actors, the present volume explores this right-ward shift of European publics and politics. It assembles analyses of changing mobilization patterns and their effects on the local, national and transnational level. International experts, among them Tamir Bar-On, Liz Fekete, Matthew Kott, and Graham Macklin, scrutinize new forms of coalition building, mainstreaming and transnationalization tendencies as aspects of diversified far-right politics in Europe.

"The notion of human dignity is frequently, yet enigmatically, invoked in legal and political debates on sex work, where many people use it without much elaboration on exactly what they mean by it. Sex Work and Human Dignity sheds light on this enigma, by exploring how dignity-based discourses are used by those who write and talk about prostitution and also what role these discourses may play in shaping wider cultural understandings of sex work and sex workers. The book draws on political discourse theory and is international in its scope, with analysis of legal cases, textual sources, and empirical data gathered through interviews with activists from several different countries in the Global North and South. The book traces how the concept of dignity is used in a range of legal and political discourses on sex work and ultimately asks to what extent dignity-based discourses help to advance, or hinder, sex workers' social inclusion. This book will appeal to students and researchers interested in sex work and feminism, as well as those who study human dignity. Its interdisciplinary nature means it will appeal to those working in a range of disciplines, including law, sociology, philosophy, and political theory"--

This review article surveys the recent economic literature on diaspora networks, globalization, and development. Diasporas are shown to contribute to the economic and cultural integration of source (i.e., developing) countries into the global economy. I first review the effect of diaspora networks on core globalization outcomes such as trade, foreign investments, and the diffusion of knowledge and technology across borders. I then turn to the cultural and political sway of the diaspora, investigating the impact of emigration on the formation of political attitudes, fertility behavior, and other aspects of culture in the home country.

Seasonal labour migration is an increasingly important aspect of rural livelihoods in tribal areas of Western India. Such migration can no longer be viewed merely as an adjunct to an essentially agrarian way of life, but has to be seen as integral to the coping, survival and livelihood strategies of tribal farming families. (DSE/DÜI)

Two aspects of open-ended survey questions are addressed in this contribution. The first aspect is the fielding of such questions: When, and for what purpose, are they useful? Who answers such questions, in the first place? And what should be taken into account when developing and designing open-ended questions? The second part of the article shows possible ways of evaluating open-ended questions. These include content analysis, which has a long tradition in the evaluation of open-ended questions. In addition, computer-supported, dictionary-based content analysis plays a major role as it is especially suitable for the analysis of responses to open questions because they are, as a rule, short and limited by the context of the question. Co-occurrence analysis, which can yield an overall picture of the responses, is a relatively new way of evaluating open-ended questions.

Compared to other rich Western democracies, the United States historically has done less to help its citizens adapt to the uncertainties of life in a market economy. Nor does the immediate future seem to promise anything different. In Welfare As We Know It, Charles Noble offers a groundbreaking explanation of why America is so different, arguing that deeply rooted political factors, not public opinion, have limited what social reformers have been able to accomplish

International audience ; Tile factories and similar establishments have largely been financed by secular or ecclesiastical lordships since at least the fourteenth century, originally with the aim of providing themselves with products for the construction or repair of state buildings. These establishments were then often leased to tile makers who paid their rent more or less exclusively in products, which could represent half of the annual production, and the other half could be marketed by the tile maker. From the end of the medieval period and more clearly from the sixteenth century, certain leases were transformed to generate an annuity partly or fully paid in cash, with a view that had become more speculative. However, the use of finished products as a means of payment has not disappeared. Not all leases were changed, or many only partially, and owners almost always had preferential purchase prices, a form of only potential "rent". New methods of managing payments in products have also been developed: storage and resale of these at a better price, very low lease but possibility of "monopolizing" all production from time to time in the event of major works, or even lease of sub-products commercially and usefully more interesting, without counting social and political benefits linked to the possession of an indispensable workshop for the well-to-do society. This use of finished products as means of payment is moreover not specific to the payment of establishment rents, since it is found, although less documented, in many other aspects of the production and marketing of architectural terracotta. ; Les tuileries et établissements assimilés ont pour beaucoup été financés par des seigneuries laïques ou ecclésiastiques depuis au moins le xive siècle, à l'origine dans le but de se fournir en produits pour l'édification ou la réparation de bâtiments domaniaux. Ces établissements étaient alors souvent baillés à ferme à des tuiliers qui payaient leur loyer plus ou moins exclusivement en nature, celui-ci pouvant ...

There is great concern that active citizenship policies, curriculum and/or pedagogy are not working effectively, and many researchers are seeking ways to engage students more in public affairs and political realities. In this dissertation, I explore the captivating universe of active citizenship education and the discourses that propel it, using critical theory, documentary method and critical discourse analysis. I analyze over 400 documents that directly or indirectly relate to citizenship education to determine where we have been, where we currently are, and where we ought to go with active citizenship education. As a result of my research, I discovered that the discourses that originally constructed notions of the citizen, citizenship and the rights of the citizen (e.g., Socrates, Michavelli, Rousseau, Jefferson, Roosevelt, and Martin Luther King, Jr.) differed, but they often shared themes of self-reflection, critique, and emancipation. Unfortunately, these fundamental pillars fell increasingly by the wayside when, for example, globalization spun its web (e.g., mass migration, the Internet, access to faster systems of travel and free trade). Correspondingly, neoliberal discourse penetrated local, state and global systems, and citizenship education like many other aspects of society was altered. A newly designed 'global', 'unregulated', 'knowledge society' claimed a new vision for civil society and thus citizenship and citizenship education. Such discourses became imbedded not only in the corporate world but also in public institutions – education was not immune to this. I discovered that although universal discourses such as sustainability, cooperation, and human rights are promoted in secondary citizenship education via social studies curriculum, little of this discourse is instituted in policy, curriculum and pedagogy. Students are not being given many classroom opportunities to become reflective, engaged and empowered citizens with the capacity to shape society and challenge institutionalized oppressions such as racism, poverty, sexism, ageism, and classism. Based on moral, ethical and democratic imperatives, I present recommendations on how to move forward to create the citizenship education programs youth deserve. I provide guiding principles, a navigational illustration, and an exemplar of what a revised citizenship education curriculum might look like.

International audience ; Au cours de son règne, Constance II (337-361) a déployé une intense activité édilitaire dans tout le monde romain. Certaines des constructions qui lui sont attribuées visaient à renforcer les frontières de l'Empire, en particulier à l'est, face aux Perses. D'autres sont le fruit d'une politique évergétique plus traditionnelle, inspirée par sa piété et sa bienveillance à l'égard des cités. Une dédicace latine inédite de Lattaquié, l'antique Laodicée-sur-mer, en Syrie, éclaire cet aspect du règne de l'empereur d'un jour nouveau, en rapportant l'obtention du nom de Constantia aux avantages matériels reçus de Constance. La publication du texte prépare la réédition du tome des Inscriptions grecques et latines de la Syrie (IGLS) consacré à la Syrie côtière. Elle donne ici l'occasion d'aborder la question des villes fondées ou refondées par l'empereur dans le diocèse d'Orient (outre Salamine, Antoninoupolis, Antarados, Antioche, Laodicée et peut-être Phaina).

International audience ; Au cours de son règne, Constance II (337-361) a déployé une intense activité édilitaire dans tout le monde romain. Certaines des constructions qui lui sont attribuées visaient à renforcer les frontières de l'Empire, en particulier à l'est, face aux Perses. D'autres sont le fruit d'une politique évergétique plus traditionnelle, inspirée par sa piété et sa bienveillance à l'égard des cités. Une dédicace latine inédite de Lattaquié, l'antique Laodicée-sur-mer, en Syrie, éclaire cet aspect du règne de l'empereur d'un jour nouveau, en rapportant l'obtention du nom de Constantia aux avantages matériels reçus de Constance. La publication du texte prépare la réédition du tome des Inscriptions grecques et latines de la Syrie (IGLS) consacré à la Syrie côtière. Elle donne ici l'occasion d'aborder la question des villes fondées ou refondées par l'empereur dans le diocèse d'Orient (outre Salamine, Antoninoupolis, Antarados, Antioche, Laodicée et peut-être Phaina).

International audience ; Au cours de son règne, Constance II (337-361) a déployé une intense activité édilitaire dans tout le monde romain. Certaines des constructions qui lui sont attribuées visaient à renforcer les frontières de l'Empire, en particulier à l'est, face aux Perses. D'autres sont le fruit d'une politique évergétique plus traditionnelle, inspirée par sa piété et sa bienveillance à l'égard des cités. Une dédicace latine inédite de Lattaquié, l'antique Laodicée-sur-mer, en Syrie, éclaire cet aspect du règne de l'empereur d'un jour nouveau, en rapportant l'obtention du nom de Constantia aux avantages matériels reçus de Constance. La publication du texte prépare la réédition du tome des Inscriptions grecques et latines de la Syrie (IGLS) consacré à la Syrie côtière. Elle donne ici l'occasion d'aborder la question des villes fondées ou refondées par l'empereur dans le diocèse d'Orient (outre Salamine, Antoninoupolis, Antarados, Antioche, Laodicée et peut-être Phaina).

International audience ; Au cours de son règne, Constance II (337-361) a déployé une intense activité édilitaire dans tout le monde romain. Certaines des constructions qui lui sont attribuées visaient à renforcer les frontières de l'Empire, en particulier à l'est, face aux Perses. D'autres sont le fruit d'une politique évergétique plus traditionnelle, inspirée par sa piété et sa bienveillance à l'égard des cités. Une dédicace latine inédite de Lattaquié, l'antique Laodicée-sur-mer, en Syrie, éclaire cet aspect du règne de l'empereur d'un jour nouveau, en rapportant l'obtention du nom de Constantia aux avantages matériels reçus de Constance. La publication du texte prépare la réédition du tome des Inscriptions grecques et latines de la Syrie (IGLS) consacré à la Syrie côtière. Elle donne ici l'occasion d'aborder la question des villes fondées ou refondées par l'empereur dans le diocèse d'Orient (outre Salamine, Antoninoupolis, Antarados, Antioche, Laodicée et peut-être Phaina).

International audience ; Au cours de son règne, Constance II (337-361) a déployé une intense activité édilitaire dans tout le monde romain. Certaines des constructions qui lui sont attribuées visaient à renforcer les frontières de l'Empire, en particulier à l'est, face aux Perses. D'autres sont le fruit d'une politique évergétique plus traditionnelle, inspirée par sa piété et sa bienveillance à l'égard des cités. Une dédicace latine inédite de Lattaquié, l'antique Laodicée-sur-mer, en Syrie, éclaire cet aspect du règne de l'empereur d'un jour nouveau, en rapportant l'obtention du nom de Constantia aux avantages matériels reçus de Constance. La publication du texte prépare la réédition du tome des Inscriptions grecques et latines de la Syrie (IGLS) consacré à la Syrie côtière. Elle donne ici l'occasion d'aborder la question des villes fondées ou refondées par l'empereur dans le diocèse d'Orient (outre Salamine, Antoninoupolis, Antarados, Antioche, Laodicée et peut-être Phaina).