Suchergebnisse

The Amazon is the subject and object of multiple and varied debates that range from its biological and cultural diversity, through its role in counteracting the greenhouse effect, to its economic potential and the sustainability of its natural resources. Undoubtedly, the discussion is here to stay and has to be enriched with knowledge that is true and pertinent to its reality(s). It is in this spirit that the Center for Labor and Agrarian Development Studies (CEDLA) and the Latin American Council of Social Sciences (CLACSO), with the support of the Swedish Embassy in Bolivia, promoted the research contest "Capitalist mercantile expansion and the Amazon as a new resource frontier in the 21st century". The purpose of this call was to deepen knowledge about the causes of the socioeconomic and spatial transformations that are currently occurring in the Amazon

The idea that we are mutually dependent on the recognition of our peers is at least as old as modernity. Across Europe, this idea has been understood in different ways from the very beginning, according to each country's different cultural and political conditions. This stimulating study explores the complex history and multiple associations of the idea of 'Recognition' in Britain, France and Germany. Demonstrating the role of 'recognition' in the production of important political ideas, Axel Honneth explores how our dependence on the recognition of others is sometimes viewed as the source of all modern, egalitarian morality, sometimes as a means for fostering socially beneficial behavior, and sometimes as a threat to 'true' individuality. By exploring this fundamental concept in our modern political and social self-understanding, Honneth thus offers an alternative view of the philosophical discourse of modernity.

Introduction / Christopher Cowton, James Dempsey and Tom Sorell -- Is financialisation a vice? : perspectives from virtue ethics and Catholic social teaching / Alejo José G. Sison and Ignacio Ferrero -- On the morality of banking, the exploitation tradition and the new challenges of the global financial crisis / Adrian Walsh -- How competition harmed banking: the need for a pelican gambit / Thomas Donaldson -- Contemporary laws and regulation : an argument for less law, more justice / Ronald Duska and Tara Radin -- Freedom in finance: the importance of epistemic virtues and interlucent communication / Boudewijn de Bruin and Richard Endörfer -- Aristotelian lessons after the global financial crisis : banking, responsibility, culture and professional bodies / Christopher Megone -- Professional responsibility and the banks / Christopher Cowton -- Liability for corporate wrongdoing / James Dempsey -- The bankers and the "nameless virtue" / Tom Sorell -- Moralising economic desert / Alexander Andersson and Joakim Sandberg -- Index

Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Praise for Risk and Resilience in the Era of Climate Change -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Boxes -- 1 Opening Summary -- Note -- Bibliography -- Part I Risk and Resilience -- 2 Troubled Times -- New and Extreme Danger -- The Nature of Risk -- Different Perils, Different Places -- Role of Policy -- Timing Can Be Everything -- The Significance of Resilience -- Facets of Resilience -- Individuals and Society -- Climate Risk and Resilience -- Conclusions -- Note -- Bibliography -- 3 Understanding Risk -- The Global Risk Landscapes -- Interactions that Inform Policy -- Risk and Uncertainty -- Measuring Risk -- Probability and Impact -- Modelling Risk -- Sources of Disaster Risks -- Exposure -- Vulnerability -- Intensity -- Disaster Determinants and Policy -- Conclusions -- Note -- Bibliography -- 4 Resilience That Shapes Risk -- Nature and Phases of Resilience -- Social Capital -- Resilience Phases -- Interaction Between Risk and Resilience -- Risk-Resilience Scenarios -- Resilience Qualifies Risk -- Mapping Components of Risk and Resilience -- Addressing Vulnerability -- The Mekong Delta -- Country, Regional, and Global Priorities -- Conclusions -- Bibliography -- 5 New Highs in Risk and Resilience -- Rising Risks -- Shifting Ground -- Anchoring Resilience -- Bigger Dangers, Rebuild Better -- Synergies Across Sectors -- Payoffs to Preparedness -- Confronting Downward Spirals -- Conclusions -- Note -- Bibliography -- Part II The Climate Catastrophe -- 6 Intractability of Climate Change -- Unheeded Warnings -- Decades of Red Alerts -- Doomsday Projections -- Problems Eluding Solutions -- Degrees of Intractability -- Jointness and Collective Action -- Personal Versus Societal Calculus -- A Super Wicked Problem -- Unholy Alliance -- A Success Story.

Globalizing Race explores how intersections between French antisemitism and imperialism shaped the development of European racial thought. Ranging from the African misadventures of the antisemitic Marquis de Morès to the Parisian novels and newspapers of late nineteenth-century professional antisemites, Dorian Bell argues that France's colonial expansion helped antisemitism take its modern, racializing form--and that, conversely, antisemitism influenced the elaboration of the imperial project itself. Globalizing Race radiates from France to place authors like Guy de Maupassant and Émile Zola into sustained relation with thinkers from across the ideological spectrum, including Hannah Arendt, Friedrich Nietzsche, Frantz Fanon, Karl Marx, Max Horkheimer, and Theodor Adorno. Engaging with what has been called the "spatial turn" in social theory, the book offers new tools for thinking about how racisms interact across space and time. Among these is what Bell calls racial scalarity. Race, Bell argues, did not just become globalized when European racism and antisemitism accompanied imperial penetration into the farthest reaches of the world. Rather, race became most thoroughly global as a method for constructing and negotiating the different scales (national, global, etc.) necessary for the development of imperial capitalism. As France, Europe, and the world confront a rising tide of Islamophobia, Globalizing Race also brings into fascinating focus how present-day French responses to Muslim antisemitism hark back to older, problematic modes of representing the European colonial periphery.--

"Alors que monte la prise de conscience du péril environnemental, les obstacles à une véritable mutation écologique des sociétés contemporaines restent massifs et les modèles alternatifs peinent à s'imposer. Les traditions intellectuelles de la gauche semblent souvent impuissantes à apporter des réponses. Pire, n'ont-elles pas contribué, par leur culte des "forces productives", à l'impasse actuelle ? La généalogie intellectuelle proposée par Serge Audier revient sur des évidences trompeuses, notamment celle qui voudrait que les mouvements émancipateurs n'aient abordé que très tardivement les enjeux écologiques. On redécouvre certes peu à peu des voix minoritaires qui, de Henry D. Thoreau à William Morris, avaient manifesté très tôt un souci inédit de la nature. Mais en les érigeant en héros solitaires, on contribue à occulter une nébuleuse beaucoup plus large et méconnue qui, entre socialisme et anarchisme, a esquissé les traits d'une "société écologique". L'objectif de ce livre est d'exhumer et de reconstituer une pensée sociale de la nature et de l'émancipation, construite aux marges du "grand récit" socialiste et républicain. De fait, cette tendance dissidente a été ignorée, marginalisée, voire combattue par les courants hégémoniques, qui ont souvent vu dans l'écologie un conservatisme traditionaliste ou un romantisme réactionnaire... Si les "ennemis" de la "société écologique" se trouvent bien entendu du côté des forces du capitalisme, il serait faux et dangereux d'oublier qu'ils font aussi partie de l'histoire même de la gauche et du socialisme dans ses orientations majoritaires, encore prégnantes."--Page 4 of cover

"The volume consists of 10 chapters. Chapter 1 frames the rest of the book by providing an overview of the complex issues that influence the needs of bilingual children, particularly in a country such as the United States. Chapters 2 through 4 discuss cross-language transfer--that is, how the structure of one's native language may (or may not) affect second language acquisition, as well as the biological bases of normative and aberrant language development. These are critical points because a bilingual child's second language acquisition process is informed by prior language learning and neuropsychological processes, all of which can be affected by environmental factors. Beginning with Chapter 5 and continuing through Chapter 10, specific types of assessment are addressed. This section includes chapters addressing the use of norm-referenced measures in bilingual assessment, the use of response to intervention techniques, and social-emotional evaluation in a bilingual-bicultural context. Assessment of acculturation factors is discussed as well. Chapters 9 and 10 review data specific to key areas of learning that may be affected by second language acquisition processes: reading and writing. Finally, Chapter 11 considers the special case of refugee children whose uniquely significant experiences, in addition to requiring specialized consideration in the assessment process, provide an example of the complex interplay between biology, experience, and culture"--Introduction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved).

"This text provides a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary entry level account of the challenges, the response, and the alternative pathways to tackling development in a changing climate. The first section provides the building blocks for understanding and framing the climate-development nexus. It will include an overview of the science, drivers and impacts of climate change, and present the different disciplinary perspectives. The second section presents and assesses responses to the development challenges posed by a changing climate at different spatial scales. This section will address international, regional, national, sub-national and non-governmental responses to climate change. It will also include an overview of the main instruments and competing approaches for addressing climate change as a development concern, including market-based measures, regulatory instruments, and voluntary agreements. The final section will be forward looking and solutions-oriented. It will set out different critiques of 'development-as-usual' and competing visions of development in a warming and carbon-constrained world. A description of the changing context of development, shaped by the interlocking challenges of poverty, energy, growing natural resource scarcities, deteriorating ecosystems and climate change will help to situate the debate about alternative modes of development. This section lays out the intellectual and scientific underpinnings of the Green Economy, and presents it as an alternative to GDP-centric conceptions of development, one that is consistent with climate change adaptation and mitigation whilst also contributing to social justice and poverty reduction"--

Economic inequality in developed western countries, including New Zealand, is a pressing social issue. Besides concerns of fairness, current high levels of inequality are associated with a range of socially damaging consequences. Drawing on new and existing data, this article presents a summary and an analysis of New Zealanders' beliefs about economic inequality and political redistribution. It explicates and explores some apparent puzzles and paradoxes within the data, including the divergence found between respondents' (declining, but still substantial) level of concern about economic inequality and their (much more limited) support for specific measures that would reduce that inequality. The article discusses some key factors that appear to influence opinion on inequality and redistribution, and it concludes with suggestions for future research to further explore some of the puzzles within the existing data.

1. Bioethics of Public Governance: a Strategy Towards the "Reduction of Inequality" -- 2. Political Currents and the Democratic Convergence -- 3. Historical, Bioethical and Technical Aspects for the Creation of the Popular Online Forum -- 4. Money to the People: the Challenge of Financing Human Development -- 5. Impact investment and Social Impact Bonds for a Humanist Economy -- 6. Popular Self-Organization and Cooperativism: Towards Economic Democracy and Human Development -- 7. Solidarity Economy and Self-Management: Theoretical Notes and Practical Experiences of Participatory Democracy and Popular Governance -- 8. Indicative Planning and Government Redistribution Policies: A Systemic Continuous Process -- 9. Semiotics of Money: Towards the Governance of Development -- 10. A Public/Private Partnership for the Implementation of a Job Guarantee Program -- 11. A Circular Approach to a Sustainable Economy -- 12. Metabolic Imperative: Deep Gaps in Western Culture Concerning Our Dependence on the Environment -- 13. A Pathway to Benevolence and the Rise of Consciousness in Social Practices -- 14. Wellbeing and Well-living: New Directions in Social Assistance -- 15. A Plea for Rationality: Education and Bioethic Governance -- 16. Economic Complexity in the Information Age: Challenges for Professional Education -- 17. Educational Inclusion of Students with Disabilities in Situations of Social Vulnerability.

Decades into its existence as a foundational aspect of modern political and economic life, the welfare state has become a political cudgel, used to assign blame for ballooning national debt and tout the need for personal responsibility. At the same time, it affects nearly every citizen and permeates daily life—in the form of pension, disability, and unemployment benefits, healthcare and parental leave policies, and more. At the core of that disjunction is the question of how we as a society decide who should get what benefits—and how much we are willing to pay to do so. Probable Justice​ traces a history of social insurance from the eighteenth century to today, from the earliest ideas of social accountability through the advanced welfare state of collective responsibility and risk. At the heart of Rachel Z. Friedman's investigation is a study of how probability theory allows social insurance systems to flexibly measure risk and distribute coverage. The political genius of social insurance, Friedman shows, is that it allows for various accommodations of needs, risks, financing, and political aims—and thereby promotes security and fairness for citizens of liberal democracies

The researchers intend to analyze John Fowles' The French Lieutenant's Woman to depict how the female protagonists reject the notion of being eunuchs and experience liberation and revolution within the social context. To carry out this study, the researchers analyze the female characters. This masterpiece revolves around the notions of love and sexuality. The French Lieutenant's Woman has been analyzed from different aspects of feminism. However, in this research, the purpose is to depict how Victorian women are able to break the phallocentric discourse by negating sexual differences and becoming eunuch subjects. The beginning of the novel shows Charles' engagement with Ernestina mostly based on the social doctrines of the Victorian era. In fact, there is no love between them and what binds them together is social expectation. Ernestina is the symbol of a woman who desires to be a female eunuch and obey the principles of the nuclear family. On the other hand, Sarah is a rebellious character who selects love over the social doctrines of Victorian society. The present research is conducted based on Luce Irigaray and Germaine Greer's theories in which the role of Victorian women is analyzed.

In this article, I demonstrate that temporal domination over subjects and producers in capitalist society is Marx's central category in the critique of political economy. Hartmut Rosa who is well known in the critical tradition for his works on social acceleration refers to Marx's value theory to explain the economic motor of social acceleration in the sphere of production and distribution, but he does not reach the very depth of Marx's critique of abstract time domination and considered it as a subordinate and marginal aspect of Marx's theory. I argue that Marx's critique of class exploitation and commodification of social relations, in the final analysis, consists in the critique of domination of time over man. In particular, I articulate their relationship by representing the Hegelian onto-logical couple of essence and appearance; it is demonstrated that class exploitation as an internal and substantial structure of capitalism posits the temporal domination as an form of appearance which presupposes the first. Moreover, this article shows that class domination has taken a more inverted and mysterious form in digital capitalism through new time appropriation strategies. This implies that in contrast to Rosa who considers social acceleration above and beyond class boundaries, it still reinforces class exploitation and acts through it.

The relevance of the study of the socio-psychological phenomenon of personal security in the era of post-modernism is due to the real problems of today's society, which at the present stage of state development are characterized by acute interrelationships between the requirements of social security as a factor of socio-political and national security and the real state of mental existence. associated with indicators of social well-being of the individual. The aim of the article is to prove that the concept of anxiety is a characteristic of social society in the era of postmodernism, preceding the need for security; to give a generalized concept of security in the era of postmodernism as a set of attributes; to identify indicators of psychological security as a complex polyfunctional phenomenon in the era of postmodernism. The article indicates that the choice of specific aspects of human security and the perspective of their consideration depend on the system in which man is included, such as the system "man - nature", "man - production", "man - technology", as well as social systems "man - man "," man - society "," man - state ". Three factors that determine human safety are specified: the human factor, the environmental factor and the security factor; and physical and psychological means of protection against dangerous situations.

Starting from the interpersonal communication theories that have incorporated the use of information and communication technologies (Walther, 2007, 2011, 2017) and the perpetual interconnectedness to understand human behavior in interaction with others (Walther et al., 2015), the current paper approaches challenges brought by the network society in the way we bridge our online and offline self. Castells' concepts are primarily used to explain macro-phenomena, for example, social movements (Castells, 2015), political and socio-economic transformation around the world (Castells, 2017), and to a lesser extent in discussing meso-phenomena, such as social isolation, exhaustion, the commodification of human interactions and interpersonal conflicts arise as part of individual's adaptation to the Information Age. The current paper creates links between Castells' main concepts of the network society theoretical framework and three meso-theories used in the interpersonal communication field to explain people's online behavior in interaction by focusing on the characteristics of the communication medium: The social presence theory, Media richness theory, and the Social Identity Model of Deindividuation Effects (SIDE). Sharing Castells' optimism on how network society creates efficiency and innovation in human interactions, we draw attention to less optimistic aspects related to the constant pressure of constructing relationships through virtual reality.