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With regard to international public order and surrogate motherhood, at least the Italian Courts of highest level consistently show great respect to the autonomy of the legislator and to the legal certainty.

Reviews and assesses security-related events in their political contexts, & identified trends in international security worldwide. Includes chronologies by region, May 2007-June 2008. Tables, Figures, Charts, Graphs, Index. Adapted from the source document.

Eine nachhaltige Wohnungsbaufinanzierung für untere Einkommensgruppen zu realisieren, ist für eine wachsende Anzahl von Ländern weltweit ein fast unerreichbares Ziel und stellt deshalb eine große Herausforderung dar. Scheitern diesbezügliche staatliche Programme, so kann das verheerende Folgen haben, denn den Chancen für eine gedeihliche soziale und wirtschaftliche Entwicklung werden zusätzliche Zwänge auferlegt. Diese Studie untersucht die institutionellen, finanziellen und sozialen Bedingungen, die für ein Wohnungsbauprogramm notwendig sind, um der wachsenden Nachfrage nach Wohnraum wirkungsvoll zu begegnen. Besonderer Nachdruck wird auf die sozialen Netzwerke der Bewohnergruppen als entscheidenden Bestandteil der Nachhaltigkeit gelegt. Das Werk propagiert ein differenziertes Analysemodell, welches die Komplexität der Beziehungen zwischen den verschiedenen Akteuren veranschaulicht. Anhand reichhaltiger internationaler Erfahrungswerte – mit sechs Fallstudien aus Chile, Ecuador, Südafrika und Thailand – erfasst es eine große Vielfalt organisatorischer Szenarien. Das Buch erscheint in englischer Sprache

This article reflects on possible effects on income and earning capacity of creative workers of three measures that were recently introduced or that are being discussed to combat the vulnerability of non-standard working conditions in the cultural and creative sector in the Netherlands: the Balanced Labor Market Act, the Fair Practice Code for Culture, and a call for certain unified agreements, for instance in the form of minimum tariffs for self-employed workers. Each of these measures separately has its merits and the intention to improve working conditions. Therefore, the power lies in their joint introduction, which combines general legislation with a moral benchmark and subsector-specific solutions. However, in this combination several unintended consequences loom, such as the possible separation between professional and amateur creative workers, a higher threshold for talent to enter the sector, threats to artistic and aesthetic innovation, and the prioritization of fairness over equality.

In the 1960s, farmers pressed trespass charges against aid workers providing assistance to agricultural laborers living on the farmers' private property. Some of the first court decisions to address these types of trespass, such as the well-known and frequently taught State v. Shack (1971), limited the property rights of farmers and enabled aid workers to enter camps where migrants lived. Yet there was a world before Shack, a world in which farmers welcomed onto their land rural religious groups, staffed largely by women from the local community, who provided services to migrant workers. From the 1940s through the 1960s, federal, state, and local law left large gaps in labor protections and government services for migrant agricultural laborers in Michigan. In response, church women created rural safety nets that mobilized local generosity and provided aid. This article uses Michigan as a case study to argue that these informal safety nets also policed migrant morality, maintained rural segregation, and performed surveillance of community outsiders, thereby serving the farmers' goals of having a reliable and cheap labor force—ultimately strengthening the economic and legal structures that left agricultural workers vulnerable.

Academicians argue about it, clergymen admonish against it, and the deprived may yearn for it. Pornography has long provoked discussion and debate, acclaim and disapproval, laughter and anger. Obscenity is as old as culture itself. Interest in it is not likely to wane. The pornography controversy is not a paramount political issue, nor should it be. But the pros and cons of obscenity regulation are, nevertheless, significant. For a culture's obscenity may mirror its moral condition, and the existence of pornography laws must prompt consideration of the appropriate functions of human sexuality, the proper purposes of the law, and the correct role of legal institutions, such as the Supreme Court. Censorship may imperil vital freedoms, while moral laxity may threaten the society's psychic and emotional health. The problem of obscenity is not a life or death issue, but it is an important one, for it "involves far-reaching questions about the nature of our community--the ends and values by which this civil society should be governed--and it also involves the most.personal interest of human beings." Obscenity merits study.

"This edited volume deploys Deleuzian thinking to re-theorize fascism as a mutable problem in changing orders of power relations dependent on hitherto misunderstood social and political conditions of formation. It shifts the theory of fascism in International Relations from its prevailing macro-historical moorings to focus on what Deleuze called micro-fascism. It demonstrates the insufficiencies of both traditional and existing critical accounts of relations between fascism and modernity, contextualizing its own Deleuzian account in contrast with the development of historical, liberal, critical and post-structuralist theories of fascism developed to date. The book provides a theoretically distinct approach to the problem of fascism and its relations with liberalism and modernity in both historical and contemporary contexts. It serves as a seminal intervention into the debate over the causes and consequences of contemporary wars and global political conflicts as well as functioning as an accessible guide to the theoretical utilities of Deleuzian thought for IR in a manner that is very much lacking in current debates about International Relations. Recognising that Deleuze & Guttari's account of fascism aligns it with many of the concerns which continue to trouble International Relations theorists today, not least the global nature of war and the incessant desire for broader securitisation, so engaging with this aspect of their work is more pressing than ever. In light of this, this volume will draw upon their analysis to provide new critical commentaries into the phenomenon of fascism in the 21 Century. Covering a wide array of topics, all within the general remit of International Relations, this volume will provide a set of original contributions focussed in particular upon the contemporary nature of war; the increased priorities afforded to the security imperative; the changing designs of bio-political regimes, fascist aesthetics; nihilistic tendencies & the modernist logic of finitude; the politics of suicide; the specific desires upon which fascism draws and of course the recurring pursuit of power"--