Suchergebnisse

Resumen: En el marco de las discusiones en torno de la relación ópera e innovación, se propone la descripción y el análisis de la experiencia de la ópera urbana, del dramaturgo y director Eduardo Sánchez Medina, en Medellín, Colombia. El estudio toma como corpus las óperas urbanas ¿A dónde? ¿A dónde?. ¡Ciudad! (2005) y ¡Oh! Santo Domingo (2006) y problematiza cuatro aspectos: la caracterización de la ópera urbana como poética abstracta; los procesos de su composición (poética genética); los principios político-sociales y artísticos que están en su génesis; el impacto social que la ópera urbana logra en la comunidad medellinense. ; Abstract: In the context of discussions about the relationship between opera and innovation, we propose the description and analysis of the experience of 'óperas urbanas' (urban operas), created by the playwright and director Eduardo Sánchez Medina, in Medellin, Colombia. The study takes as corpus two urban operas: Where? Where?. City! (2005) and Oh! Santo Domingo (2006) and problematizes four aspects: the characterization of urban opera as an abstract poetic; its composition processes (genetic poetic); the social, artistic and political principles that determines its genesis; the social impact of urban opera in Medellin community.

During the course of this paper we mobilise an ideal typical framework that identifies three waves of reduction within contemporary qualitative inquiry as they relate to key aspects of the sociological tradition. The paper begins with a consideration of one of sociology's key questions; namely how is social organisation possible? The paper aims to demonstrate how this question moves from view as increased specialisation and differentiation in qualitative methodology within sociology and related disciplines results in a fragmentation and decontextualisation of social practices from social orders. Indeed, the extent to which qualitative methods have been detached from sociological principles is considered in relation to the emergence of a reductionist tendency. The paper argues that the first wave is typified by conceptual couplings such as 'discourse and the subject', 'narrative and experience', 'space and place' and the second by 'activity type couplings' such as 'walking and talking' and 'making and telling' and then, finally, the third wave exemplified through auto-ethnography and digital lifelogging. We argue each of these three waves represent a series of steps in qualitative reduction that, whilst representing innovation, need to reconnect with questions of action, order and social organisation as a complex whole as opposed to disparate parts.

"Flexibility" has become an important concept in studies of globalization and transnationalism. Most academic discussions fall into the literature of global capitalist restructuring: e.g., Piore and Sabel's (1984) notion of flexible specialization and David Harvey's concept (1991) of flexible accumulation. These discussions are centered on economic production and market logics. Theoretical discussions of flexibility about other regimes of power — such as cultural reproduction, the nation-state and family — are relatively insufficient. In this paper, I explore the concept of "flexible acculturation," first proposed by Jan Nederveen-Pieterse (2007), to show a cultural aspect of transnational flexibility. I situate my discussion in the literature of transmigration studies and define flexible acculturation as having four important virtues: (1) it has diverse social players, rather than just political and economic elites; (2) it refers to interactions, not just differences; (3) it involves multiple processes; and (4) it is not just about agency but also about social regulations. These definitions help to explain why flexible acculturation is different from other concepts that have been proposed. I further argue that definitions of important social actors are contingent on a specific set of flexible acculturation processes. Social actors discussed in this paper include governments, the public, transmigrants, and women.

The use of various creative art forms in the research process is reflective of the turn towards interpretative practices that make visible certain aspects of the social world. Theatre, especially, has the capacity to convey meanings that pertain to the flux of social relationships. Reported in this paper is a particular use of theatre that is located in a history and tradition of liberatory social action. In Participatory Theatre, performative enactments are used to investigate the social arrangements that impede progressive change. Participatory Theatre opens up productive spaces for reflexivity and creates knowledge that is grounded in immediate experience and direct experiment. It is accomplished through an iterative process that involves action, reflection and action. In this article the use of Participatory Theatre in an action research project is described for the purposes of establishing its legitimacy as a viable action research technique. The project was motivated and sustained by the needs of a group of health care workers in a western Canadian province to address the problem of workplace bullying. The project confirms that envisioning alternative solutions to the problem of workplace bullying need not be derived in schools of management science; these can come from those on the 'shop-floor'.

This article presents a concept and an approach for analysing and understanding an individual's relationship to physical culture. Physical activity relationship (PAR) is a concept by which sport and physical activities are approached as a cultural part of life to which all of us have a relationship. According to Unruh (1980) we live in many different social worlds at the same time and based on his classification we have different roles in these social worlds. We can be strangers, tourists, regulars or insiders. The deeper we are involved in a certain social world the better we see and understand the meanings of this world. Sport and physical activities can be conceptualized as such a social world. The relationship which describes how we encounter this world and its culture is referred to here as PAR. This article suggests that although there is clear interest in personal physical activity by the field of sport and exercise science, PAR also covers three other dimensions: following, producing and consuming the meanings of sport and physical activities. Arguably, the PAR framework may be able to offer insights for those seeking to establish sport, exercise and physical activity as fundamental aspects of a healthy lifestyle and core feature of contemporary identity formation.

Citizenship is undoubtedly one of the most fundamental concrete abstractions produced by philosophers and jurists. It is particularly interesting for sociologists and anthropologists as a phenomenon that structures collective representations and social relations amongst individuals and groups. In other words, social science is concerned with citizenship mainly as an imagined construction that essentializes in social life. Though not a complete survey, we would like to present some major sociological aspects of citizenship, aside from the philosophical or juridical ones.In the article I will compare by contrast two almost antithetical models of citizenship and analyze how two different concrete abstractions influence social life. I have chosen Latvia and Malaysia, where I am still directing two field studies particularly in two cities: Riga and Penang. My choice has a pragmatic reason. After its second independence, Latvia has introduced a model of citizenship in 1991, following the Staatsnation doctrine that tends to stamp out any form of cultural difference within its national territory. Malaysia, after the end of the British colonial domination in 1956, has given itself a model of multicultural citizenship, which is unmistakably based upon the celebration of difference amongst the country's various ethnic components.

AbstractSocial research on immigrants has usually centred on working age groups or youth, while studies on retired immigrants were typically driven by the social work, geriatric, or nursing agendas, centring on the issues of health, stress, social, and medical services. Trying to explore migration in old age from a broader sociological perspective, this qualitative study addressed different aspects of the socio‐cultural adjustment of older Russian immigrants of the 1990s in Israel. Drawing on group discussions and in‐depth interviews conducted in two major urban centres, the study covers senior immigrants' attitudes toward the host Israeli society; material privations and coping tools; intergenerational families; patterns of social organization, communication, and cultural consumption; ties with places of origin in the former Soviet Union (FSU); and the perceived sum total of losses and gains from migration. The findings indicate that older immigrants have developed multiple ways for meaningful identification with Israel and generally perceived their resettlement experience as difficult but positive. As their social networks were limited to the Russian immigrant community, most elders did not see their poor knowledge of Hebrew as a major integration obstacle. The main reported difficulties were in the areas of housing, low income, and weakening ties with younger family members.

The writings of Jurgen Habermas represent a major revisionist approach to Marxism. His most recent work, Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns [Theory of Communicative Action], Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 1981), identifies three levels of rationality: the inner rationalities of specific societies & cultures, the meaningful character of human conduct, & the social expansion of rationality typical of the modern West. Habermas opposes relativism on the basis of a concept of the cognitive adequacy of cultures founded partially on the ideas of Jean Piaget. The differentiation of cultural spheres aids increases of cognitive adequacy, as does the formation of institutions of purposive action, centered on the economy & the state. The concept of Verstehen advanced by Max Weber offers an understanding of such action & institutions. Habermas criticizes Talcott Parsons's theories by rejecting the adequacy of systems analysis as a theory of society, & by rejecting the claim that language, like power & money, is a medium of social integration: for Habermas, language is a foundation of social activity & of meaning as such. He seeks to derive from this theory an analysis of the pathological aspects of modernity. While his theory is open to criticism, it is an important source of ideas & questions for the social sciences. W. H. Stoddard.

Spare Time and Culture in Czechoslovakia.
This essay is based on the data of many sociological surveys on sparetime, carried out in Czechoslovakia during the sixties in order to underline some aspects of Czechoslovak society, and particularly the persistence of a social stratification reflected in ways of life and culture.
The analysis points out firstly the different levels of real « consumption » of sparetime, secondly the varying attitudes towards two types of « cultural » leisure, reading and mass media, according to sex, and social category defined by occupation and level of education.
Concerning sex, despite the high level of education of the female population, it appears that their consumption of leisure is far lower than that of the male population (with respect to time as well as to outlay dedicated to leisure).
Regarding social category, one distinguishes what can be called an « élite », quite clearly differenciated by its way of life and particularly its way of using spare time (far more than by its standard of living, the scale of wages beeing very narrow in Czechoslovakia). The other social categories are less differenciated but they nevertheless show many behavioural differences (for instance between workers and employees with equal wages).

Israeli political, economic, and social achievements have apparently made Israel a developed nation. Social scientists customarily ignore its geographic setting in the developing world and study the country as a phenomenon of political, social and economic development. One aspect, however, is still problematic and controversial. This is the administrative. Israelis doubt the extent to which their governmental administration is developed, by which they mean the extent to which their administration is staffed by trained officials appointed on grounds of merit. While the forms of a modern government service exist, Israelis are skeptical of their substance, because of what they suspect to be widespread instances of inattention to the rules for appointment and promotion to civil service positions. Social scientists seem to have accepted the conventional wisdom of Israeli public opinion and they, too, have judged the Israeli civil service to be embryonic or stunted in development, largely because of political interference in appointments and advancement to senior positions. It is true that in every country the issue of which governmental offices should be political and which administrative is a problem. But this problem is exacerbated in Israel where, because of party politics, it is, ostensibly, one resolution which exists in law and another in fact.

This paper explores the transformation of heritage values from a critical perspective. The de-authorising conceptual shift in cultural heritage has not always been accompanied by a revitalisation of the dynamics of valorisation. To achieve the integration of multivocal discourses in sustainable preservation strategies, experts and academics need to work with methods that enable this to happen. This article presents a methodological analysis articulated through three different case studies that bring new experiences regarding the decolonisation of knowledge in the field of heritage values, addressing different aspects of the social dimension of cultural heritage. The first deals with contestation processes associated with productive winemaking traditions in the Rias Baixas, Galicia, Spain. The second case addresses the rebellious Paris of the Commune and the narratives associated with the valorisation of the traces that it has left in the city's landscape. Finally, the third case analyses the values that come into play when citizens' participation governs the transformation of an archaeological site in Barcelona. To conclude, we reflect on the idea of sustainability as a way of listening to, sharing and co-creating knowledge connected to communities.

This article proposes an inspection of the Latin-american cities at beginning of the XXI century from the conflict point of view. On one hand the cumulative conflicts that remain unsolved despite decades, which still require high-priority attention. Among others: the quality access to domiciliary public services, the opportune enjoyment of education and social programs and services, health, social welfare and housing, the exclusion, and social, economic, politic and physical-space segregation. Secondly the conflicts related to mobility forms, the political-administrative decentralization processes, hunger, misery and unemployment, new crimes style; the population's size of cities with high concentration volumes and functions, and the urban violence. As well, it is present the dilemma about globalization and the local issue, the social agents influence, and the discussion on urban form and town planning. The article ends with several reflections on the approached aspects. ; Aquí se plantea una mirada a las ciudades latinoamericanas de comienzos del siglo XXI desde los conflictos. Por una parte los conflictos acumulados, y que aun no han logrado ser resueltos a pesar del paso de los años, y que aun requieren atención prioritaria. Entre otros están: el acceso con calidad a los servicios públicos domiciliarios, el disfrute oportuno de programas y servicios sociales de educación, salud, bienestar social y vivienda, los problemas de exclusión y segregación social, económica, política y físico espacial. En segunda instancia están los conflictos del presente relacionados con las formas de movilidad, los procesos político administrativos de descentralización, el hambre, la miseria y el desempleo, las nuevas formas que asume el delito; el tamaño de las ciudades con altos volúmenes de concentración de la población y funciones, y la violencia urbana. Así mismo están presentes el dilema por lo global y lo local, el papel que cumplen los agentes sociales y las discusiones sobre la forma urbana y el modelo de ciudad. El artículo remata con un conjunto de reflexiones sobre los aspectos antes abordados.

This article proposes an inspection of the Latin-american cities at beginning of the XXI century from the conflict point of view. On one hand the cumulative conflicts that remain unsolved despite decades, which still require high-priority attention. Among others: the quality access to domiciliary public services, the opportune enjoyment of education and social programs and services, health, social welfare and housing, the exclusion, and social, economic, politic and physical-space segregation. Secondly the conflicts related to mobility forms, the political-administrative decentralization processes, hunger, misery and unemployment, new crimes style; the population's size of cities with high concentration volumes and functions, and the urban violence. As well, it is present the dilemma about globalization and the local issue, the social agents influence, and the discussion on urban form and town planning. The article ends with several reflections on the approached aspects. ; Aquí se plantea una mirada a las ciudades latinoamericanas de comienzos del siglo XXI desde los conflictos. Por una parte los conflictos acumulados, y que aun no han logrado ser resueltos a pesar del paso de los años, y que aun requieren atención prioritaria. Entre otros están: el acceso con calidad a los servicios públicos domiciliarios, el disfrute oportuno de programas y servicios sociales de educación, salud, bienestar social y vivienda, los problemas de exclusión y segregación social, económica, política y físico espacial. En segunda instancia están los conflictos del presente relacionados con las formas de movilidad, los procesos político administrativos de descentralización, el hambre, la miseria y el desempleo, las nuevas formas que asume el delito; el tamaño de las ciudades con altos volúmenes de concentración de la población y funciones, y la violencia urbana. Así mismo están presentes el dilema por lo global y lo local, el papel que cumplen los agentes sociales y las discusiones sobre la forma urbana y el modelo de ciudad. El artículo remata con un conjunto de reflexiones sobre los aspectos antes abordados.

Front Cover -- Praise -- Half Title -- About The Author -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Abbreviations -- Preface and Acknowledgements -- Introduction: Business, Sustainability and the Global Economy -- A World of Global Value Chains -- Governing Sustainability -- Green Is the New Black: The Business of Sustainability -- Sustainability Management, Green Capital Accumulation and the Sustainability-Driven Supplier Squeeze -- Main Arguments and Novel Contributions -- Organization of the Book -- 1: What We Know About Sustainability Governance -- Transnational Sustainability Governance -- Multi-Stakeholder Initiatives on Sustainability -- Self-Regulation, Strategy and Corporate Social and Environmental Responsibility -- Discussion and Next Steps -- 2: Power in Global Value Chains -- Approaches to GVC Governance -- Four Types of Power in Global Value Chains -- Discussion and Next Steps -- 3: Sustainability, Power and Governance in the Wine, Coffee and Biofuels Global Value Chains -- Global Value Chain Structures and Sustainability Initiatives -- Changing Constellations of Power -- Discussion and Next Steps -- 4: Value Creation and Capture through Economic and Environmental Upgrading -- Upgrading in Global Value Chains -- The Environmental Aspects of Upgrading -- Economic and Environmental Upgrading in the Wine, Coffee and Biofuels GVCs -- Discussion and Next Steps -- 5: Orchestrating Sustainability -- Transnational Governance of Sustainability -- The Enabling Factors of Public Orchestration -- Public Orchestration in the Aviation GVC -- Public Orchestration in the Maritime Shipping GVC -- Aviation and Shipping Compared -- Power, Governance and Orchestration in the Wine, Coffee and Biofuels GVCs -- Discussion and Next Steps -- Conclusion: Green Capital, Brown Environments.

Energy governance: a key challenge in the era of globalization / Jordi Jaria i Manzano, Nathalie Chalifour and Louis J. Kotzé -- 2. Germany's 'Energiewende': what can environmental law scholarship learn from it? / Klaus Bosselmann -- 3. Ten good practices in environmental constitutionalism that can contribute to sustainable shale gas development / James R. May and Erin Daly -- 4. Human rights versus human needs: debating the language for universal access to modern energy services / Manuel Peter Samonte Solis -- 5. Using social science perspectives on risk to implement an environmental justice analysis / Elodie Le Gal -- 6. Scaling up local solutions: creating an enabling legal environment for the deployment of community-based renewable microgrids / Jessica Wentz and Chiara Pappalardo -- 7. Innovative financing for renewable energy / Richard L. Ottinger and John Bowie -- 8. Energy and smart cities: perspectives from a city-state, Singapore / Lye Lin-Heng and Melissa Low -- 9. Judicial perspectives on renewable energy and climate change governance / Trevor Daya-Winterbottom -- 10. A reflection on some legal aspects of decision control in the energy transition process: a comparison of France and Germany / Anaïs Guerry -- 11. Learning from Europe: some ideas for the energy improvement of the US existing building stock / Teresa Parejo-Navajas -- 12. Sustainable sewage / Melissa K. Scanlan -- 13. Environmentally displaced persons in the Niger Delta: challenges and prospects / Eloamaka Carol Okonkwo -- 14. Agriculture, energy and development: an uneasy relationship / Cristiane Derani