Suchergebnisse

Aspects of investment attractiveness of subjects of Russian Federation, where the mode of Special Economic Zones (SEZ) is applied, are reviewed in this article. Emphasizing the importance of foreign direct investment for overcoming the technological gap from the leading world economies, the authors discuss several SEZs selected for reasons of uniformity of their socio-economic status and purpose of creating SEZ mode in them. One of the main purposes for establishing the SEZ mode is the creation of investment attractiveness for projects, being implemented in these regions. Special Economic Zones of Technical Innovation Type (Tomsk), industrial type (Samara, Ulyanovsk, Elabuga) are analyzed in this article because these are the types of SEZ modes where borrowing is supposed, as well as introduction and development of modern technologies. In large-scale projects planned by the Government in these areas, participation of small businesses is almost ignored, which, from the point of view of the authors, harms the investment attractiveness of the projects. Identification of regional special characteristics of investment attractiveness of studied objects is carried out in comparison with the state of small business in these areas. Importance of small business development in the creation of a favorable investment climate is shown.

At the beginning of the twenty-first century, intergenerational relations remain a key aspect of the future development and sustainability of the European social model. In the present paper, patterns of intergenerational support and the main driving factors behind individuals' transfer behavior are explored. In particular, the data form the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe are utilized to shed light on the main factors behind the likelihood and intensity of social support, and financial help provided to and received from other family members by ageing and elderly Europeans. The analysis also takes into consideration patterns and factors correlated with grandparenting activities. Finally, special attention is devoted to the condition of those individuals who are sandwiched between care obligations toward their elderly parents and young adult children. It is shown that the likelihood of the exchange of support between family generations is highest in Scandinavian countries and lowest in Southern Europe. The intensity of support follows an opposite North-South gradient. In addition, relevant gender-related inequalities are documented. In general, time-demanding support obligations are more likely to fall on the shoulders of women in the early stage of their later life, while mainly benefitting elderly men.

Résumé éditeur : "N'importe quelle évocation du Japon suscite irrémédiablement un certain nombre d'images. Des images d'Épinal, diront certains, tant les clichés du mont Fuji, des geishas ou des salarymen restent ancrés dans les imaginaires occidentaux. Pourtant, au-delà de ces poncifs, il existe une attirance profonde et ancienne, en France notamment, pour l'esthétique japonaise, depuis le japonisme du XIXe siècle jusqu'au succès récent des mangas. Dans le domaine des études japonaises aussi, la place de l'image est centrale, comme le prouve le nombre conséquent d'auteurs qui se sont penchés sur ce thème dans ces actes du douzième colloque de la Société française des études japonaises, organisé à l'université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 en décembre2016. Les différents chapitres thématiques abordent, outre quelques variae, les multiples aspects de l'image, qu'il s'agisse de lieux d'exposition, du rapport aux mots, au religieux, aux écrans, aux territoires, etc. Ils explorent ces aspects de manière transversale en mélangeant les approches - historique, artistique, technique et théorique -, offrant ainsi un panorama passionnant sur l'actualité de la recherche en la matière."

Associative islamic movement in Ile-de-France - The growth of religious organisations has become a new issue as far as migrants' groupings are concerned in France. The former defined themselves as the bulk identity makers of the muslim migrant populations, and thus try and set the line, by using various types of policy, either in the cultural field or in the political, say, symbolic ones, when negociating with the authorities at every rung of the ladder. By acting in such a way, are they building barriers between the muslim migrant populations and the native population, or rather, are they are trying to find ways and means in order to make the muslims cope with the guest society ? The paper deals with different aspects of muslim organisations: history and reasons of creation of the organisations; structuring of belongings; ways of communicating culture, language, religion; discourse on islam and its perception: relationships at local and national level. ; L'émergence de regroupements investissant dans le champ du sacré constitue une nouvelle donne dans l'espace associatif immigré. Ceux-ci se définissent comme sites des ressources identitaires, et, dans leur transaction avec les instances de la société d'accueil, élaborent et mettent en chantier de nouveaux schèmes d'expression culturelle, politique, symbolique. Les dirigeants de ces associations, en s'arrogeant le rôle d'« entrepreneurs identitaires », amorcent-ils une politique de marginalisation voire de repli des populations musulmanes, ou favorisent-ils un modèle d'intégration sociale ? L'article, après avoir retracé la genèse et les raisons de création de ces associations, analyse la structuration des appartenances, s'interroge sur les stratégies amorcées en vue de la transmission de la culture, langue et religion, et, d'autre part, rend compte des différents types de discours et des rapports entretenus au niveau local et national.

Associative islamic movement in Ile-de-France - The growth of religious organisations has become a new issue as far as migrants' groupings are concerned in France. The former defined themselves as the bulk identity makers of the muslim migrant populations, and thus try and set the line, by using various types of policy, either in the cultural field or in the political, say, symbolic ones, when negociating with the authorities at every rung of the ladder. By acting in such a way, are they building barriers between the muslim migrant populations and the native population, or rather, are they are trying to find ways and means in order to make the muslims cope with the guest society ? The paper deals with different aspects of muslim organisations: history and reasons of creation of the organisations; structuring of belongings; ways of communicating culture, language, religion; discourse on islam and its perception: relationships at local and national level. ; L'émergence de regroupements investissant dans le champ du sacré constitue une nouvelle donne dans l'espace associatif immigré. Ceux-ci se définissent comme sites des ressources identitaires, et, dans leur transaction avec les instances de la société d'accueil, élaborent et mettent en chantier de nouveaux schèmes d'expression culturelle, politique, symbolique. Les dirigeants de ces associations, en s'arrogeant le rôle d'« entrepreneurs identitaires », amorcent-ils une politique de marginalisation voire de repli des populations musulmanes, ou favorisent-ils un modèle d'intégration sociale ? L'article, après avoir retracé la genèse et les raisons de création de ces associations, analyse la structuration des appartenances, s'interroge sur les stratégies amorcées en vue de la transmission de la culture, langue et religion, et, d'autre part, rend compte des différents types de discours et des rapports entretenus au niveau local et national.

Introduction and general framework -- Introduction -- University assessment as governance device -- Teaching and students' careers in Italy -- Do family economic conditions influence play a role in university dropout? New evidence from administrative data -- Drop-out decisions in a cohort of Italian university students -- Recruiting and academic careers -- From PhD to Assistant Professor: analysis of recent cohorts -- Academic Careers and Fertility Decisions -- Conformism in research -- Social Network tools for the evaluation of individual and group scientific performance -- Topic-Driven Detection and Analysis of Scholarly Data. The Maverick Project -- Research quality and impact on teaching -- The relationship between teaching and research: the role of the institutional context and environmental factors -- Degree-level determinants of university student performance -- Teaching Efficiency of the Italian Universities: a Conditional Frontier Analysis.

The article discusses the benefits of organic production in economic, environmental and social aspects. An analysis of the number of Ukrainian manufacturers-operators for the period 2016-2019, statisticaldata on exports, world and European rankings by the area of land occupied by organic matter have beenpresented. Organic production in the world has been studied, the main directions of its development, priorities and problematic aspects have been identified. Analyzing the experience and all the trends of organicproduction in Ukraine, certain tools have been proposed to stimulate it, in particular: improvement of legalregulation, preferential lending and taxation, budget payments, government support for R&D, the creation ofquality control centers, certification and insurance of production and products. The implementation of theresearch results will make the organic sector more attractive to farmers, products competitive at the international level and will provide an improvement in the ecological state. The aim of the study is to analyze thecurrent state of organic production in Ukraine and the world, to identify the advantages and disadvantages ofthis sector of the economy, proposals for improving the conditions for its development. As a result of thestudy of the international situation in organic production, we received certain principles and knowledge thatwe can adopt to improve the situation in the organic sector.The practical significance of the study is due to the fact that the introduction of the presented tools tostimulate the development of organic production will increase the demand for organic products, increasecompetitiveness in international markets, improve the environmental situation in the country, as well as attract new farmers-producers to this sector of the economy. ; В статье рассмотрены преимущества органического производства в экономическом, экологи-ческом и социальных аспектах. Представлен анализ количества украинских производителей операторов за период 2016-2019 годы, статистические данные по экспорту, мировой и европейскийрейтинги по площади земель занятых под органику. Изучено органическое производство в мире, вы-делены основные направления его развития, приоритеты и проблемные стороны. Анализируя опыт ивсе тенденции органического производства в Украине, предложено определенные инструменты егостимулирования, в частности: усовершенствование правового регулирования, льготное кредитованиеи налогообложение, бюджетные выплаты, государственную поддержку НИОКР, создание центровконтроля качества, сертификации и страховании производства и продукции. Внедрение результатовисследования сделает органический сектор более привлекательным для фермеров, продукцию кон-курентоспособной на международном уровне и обеспечит улучшение экологического состояния. Це-лью исследования является анализ современного состояния органического производства в Украине имире, определение преимуществ и недостатков этой сферы экономики, предложения по улучшениюусловий ее развития. В результате исследования международной ситуации в органическом производ-стве, мы получили определенные принципы и знания, которые модем перенять для улучшения ситуа-ции в секторе органики.Практическая значимость исследования обусловлена тем, что внедрение представленныхинструментов стимулирования развития органического производства обеспечит увеличение спросана органическую продукцию, повышение конкурентоспособности на международных рынках, улучше-ние экологического состояния в стране, а так же привлечение новых фермеров-производителей вданный сектор экономики. ; У статті розглянуто переваги органічного виробництва в економічному, екологічному та соціа-льних аспектах. Представлено аналіз кількості українських виробників-операторів за період 2016-2019роки, статистичні дані з експорту, світовий і європейський рейтинги по площі земель зайнятих під ор-ганіку. Вивчено органічне виробництво у світі, виділено основні напрями його розвитку, стандартиза-цію продукції. Аналізуючи цей досвід та всі тенденції та перспективи органічного виробництва в Украї-ні, запропоновано певні інструменти його стимулювання, зокрема удосконалення правового регулю-вання, пільгове кредитування й оподаткування, бюджетні виплати, державну підтримку НДДКР, ство-рення центрів контролю якості, сертифікацію та страхування. Практична значимість дослідження обу-мовлена тим, що впровадження представлених інструментів стимулювання розвитку органічного ви-робництва забезпечить збільшення попиту на органічну продукцію, підвищення конкурентоспромож-ності на міжнародних ринках, поліпшення екологічного стану в країні.

Stemming from Henri Lefebvre's trialectic systems of levels (global, urban, private) and fields (perceived, conceived, lived) of space, this visual essay studies satellite imagery of bodies of water as carriers of geopolitical, social, and cultural notions and relations. The orthophotographic imagery here serves as an illustrative interpretation of one aspect of these spatial theories and, perhaps more importantly, a sketch for a manifesto—or call to action—for their further employments in the spaces of the contemporary everyday, and beyond: for a critical re-reading of that same everyday as well as practices—bottomup and top-down alike—that shape it. ; Partiendo de la tríada de escalas espaciales de Henri Lefebvre (global, urbano, privado) y la trialéctica del espacio (percibido, concebido, vivido), este ensayo visual analiza imágenes satelitales de cuerpos de agua como portadores de nociones y relaciones geopolíticas, sociales y culturales. Las imágenes ortofotográficas fungen como interpretación ilustrativa de un aspecto de estas teorías del espacio y, quizás más importante, como boceto de un manifiesto –o llamado a la acción– para su aplicación posterior en los espacios contemporáneos de la vida cotidiana y más allá de ésta: para una relectura crítica, tanto de la misma cotidianeidad como de las prácticas de abajo-arriba y de arriba-debajo– que le dan forma.

As part of a growing body of work focused on the social implications of Pentecostal Christianity, this article explores one of the ways that this religion is shaping relational life on the Zambian Copperbelt. Through a discussion of the changing nature of the prosperity gospel, I show how Pentecostalism embeds believers in social relationships that often extend beyond their religious cohort. In the absence of the lavish wealth promised by prosperity gospel preachers, Pentecostals have had to alter their understanding of divinely authored economic success. Specifically, local definitions of prosperity are characterized not by uniform, individualized wealth, but rather by progress along a gradient of material achievement through relationships that span differences in economic status. This retooled version of the prosperity gospel serves to integrate believers into the wider social world by emphasizing material inequality and promoting displays of wealth. Each of these aspects of Copperbelt Pentecostalism embeds its adherents in networks of exchange that are a central component of urban Zambian sociality. This analysis of Pentecostalism expands on studies of this religion that focus only on formal ritual life, while at the same time challenging interpretations of Pentecostalism that have given its social potential short shrift.RésuméLe présent article s'inscrit dans un corpus de plus en plus important de travaux consacrés aux implications sociales du christianisme pentecôtiste. Il explore l'une des manières dont cette religion façonne la vie relationnelle dans la province du Copperbelt, en Zambie. Par la discussion de la nature changeante de la théologie de la prospérité, l'auteure montre comment le pentecôtisme intègre ses fidèles dans des relations sociales qui s'étendent souvent au‐delà des limites de leur communauté religieuse. Ne voyant pas venir l'abondance promise par les prédicateurs de la doctrine de la prospérité, les pentecôtistes ont dû revoir leur interprétation d'une réussite économique sanctionnée par Dieu. Plus précisément, les définitions locales de la prospérité sont caractérisées non pas par une possession de biens uniforme et individualisée mais plutôt par une progression suivant un gradient de réussite matérielle, par le biais de relations franchissant les différences de situation économique. Cette version remaniée de la théologie de la prospérité sert à intégrer les croyants dans le monde social qui les entoure, en mettant l'accent sur les inégalités matérielles et en encourageant les signes extérieurs de richesse. Chacun de ces aspects du pentecôtisme dans le Copperbelt intègre les fidèles dans des réseaux d'échange qui sont une composante essentielle de la société zambienne urbaine. L'analyse du pentecôtisme réalisée ici commente les études de cette religion axées uniquement sur le rituel, tout en remettant en question les interprétations faisant peu de cas du potentiel social du pentecôtisme.

The author estimates social consequences of the so called «demographic transition* or the problem of «population ageing* in the modern world: to what extent is contemporary society ready for effective utilization of the emerged economical, consumer, and cultural resources of aged and elderly citizens. The process of ageing in Russia differs considerably from that in the developed countries. It is taking place against the background of high mortality rate and population diminution, as well as significant gap between the sexes in the rate of life expectancy (in favor of women), the weakness of retirement welfare system, poverty in Russia expressed not only in economical or financial terms but in primitivism of notions of employers and the authorities on the whole about individuals, their needs, abilities and possibilities. Such notions correspond to earlier stages of socioeconomic development and do not meet the requirements of the present day that have become a norm in the majority of the industrially developed countries. This also concerns all aspects of social, economical and political life in Russia, and requires the attention to be paid to it, and reformulating the objectives of social policy and society, the aims and purposes of executive power, as well as reforming the systems of social welfare and healthcare. Without these steps the strategy of long term development of the country, transition to innovational way remain highly problematic, if at all real. ; The author estimates social consequences of the so called «demographic transition* or the problem of «population ageing* in the modern world: to what extent is contemporary society ready for effective utilization of the emerged economical, consumer, and cultural resources of aged and elderly citizens. The process of ageing in Russia differs considerably from that in the developed countries. It is taking place against the background of high mortality rate and population diminution, as well as significant gap between the sexes in the rate of life expectancy (in favor of women), the weakness of retirement welfare system, poverty in Russia expressed not only in economical or financial terms but in primitivism of notions of employers and the authorities on the whole about individuals, their needs, abilities and possibilities. Such notions correspond to earlier stages of socioeconomic development and do not meet the requirements of the present day that have become a norm in the majority of the industrially developed countries. This also concerns all aspects of social, economical and political life in Russia, and requires the attention to be paid to it, and reformulating the objectives of social policy and society, the aims and purposes of executive power, as well as reforming the systems of social welfare and healthcare. Without these steps the strategy of long term development of the country, transition to innovational way remain highly problematic, if at all real.

Although migration and integration have become important concepts today as a result of globalization, migration movements, integration, and multiculturalism have always been part of the history of Europe. Few people realize how many ethnic groups participated in migration within Europe or into Europe and this ignorance has grave consequences for the social and political status of immigrants. Newly available to an English-speaking audience, this encyclopaedia presents a systematic overview of the existing scholarship regarding migration within and into Europe. The first section contains survey studies of the various regions and countries in Europe covering the last centuries. The second section presents information on about 220 individual groups of migrants from the Sephardic Jews emigration from Spain and Portugal in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries to the present-day migration of old-age pensioners to the holiday villages in the sun. The first resource of its kind, The Encyclopaedia of Migration and Minorities in Europe is a comprehensive and authoritative research tool

The urban zone of Pointe-à-Pitre in Guadeloupe, located in the middle of a concentration of 132 000 inhabitants, has many functions : political, administrative and commercial. Its tourist importance is essential for Guadeloupe. At last but not least, the place of Pointe-à-Pitre in the collective unconscious is predominant, it has so a first level social function. Today, the urban morphology and typology of the town is not able to face a seismic disaster. Its vulnerability to the others major risks is less important. I made a deep historic study that, with the help of plans, maps and texts, allowed me to recount the urban morphology and typology history of the urban zone, through the main major risks that have affected and can affect still now that centre : earthquakes, cyclones and fires. I analyse too, facing major risks, the public highways and all the infrastructures of the territory. The existing references on the seismic activity to the Antilles relate only to approximately 3 centuries. Thus, many uncertainties remain on the seismic risk to which Guadeloupe is subjected. One proposes here to analyze these various uncertainties in order to permit a finer approach of the seismic risk for that territory. The studied elements permit to understand better the vulnerability of that centre to the major risks. ; Pointe-à-Pitre est située au centre d'une agglomération urbaine de 132 000 habitants dont elle draine chaque jour les habitants. Cette ville a de nombreuses fonctions, qu'elles soient politiques, administratives, touristiques ou commerciales. Sa place dans l'inconscient collectif est prépondérante et elle a ainsi un rôle social de première importance. Aujourd'hui, l'agglomération pointoise ne peut faire face dans de bonnes conditions à un séisme majeur. Sa vulnérabilité aux autres risques est moins importante. Les références existantes sur l'activité sismique aux Antilles ne portent que sur environ 3 siècles ; de nombreuses incertitudes subsistent sur l'aléa sismique auquel est soumise la Guadeloupe, et les séismes historiques sont actuellement estimés avec des marges d'erreur certaines. On se propose ici d'analyser ces différentes incertitudes pour permettre une approche plus fine de l'exposition au risque de la Guadeloupe. Nous avons réalisé une étude historique très poussée qui, à l'aide de plans, de cartes et de textes, nous a permis de reconstituer l'histoire de la morphologie urbaine et de la typologie architecturale de l'agglomération pointoise, à travers les risques majeurs principaux auxquels elle est exposée : les séismes, les cyclones et les incendies. Nous avons aussi analysé, sur le territoire de l'agglomération, les voiries et réseaux divers au regard des risques majeurs. Les éléments étudiés nous permettent de mieux comprendre la vulnérabilité de cette agglomération dans son ensemble.

AbstractPicture a simple scenario: a worm, in its modest way, traces a trail of paint as it moves across a sheet of paper. Now shift your imagination to a more complex scene, where a chimpanzee paints on another sheet of paper. A simple question arises: Do you perceive an identical creative process in these two animals? Can both of these animals be designated as authors of their creation? If only one, which one? This paper delves into the complexities of authorship, consciousness, and agency, unpacking the nuanced distinctions between such scenarios and exploring the underlying principles that define creative authorship across different forms of life. It becomes evident that attributing authorship to an animal hinges on its intention to create, an aspect intertwined with its agency and awareness of the creative act. These concepts are far from straightforward, as they traverse the complex landscapes of animal ethics and law. But our exploration does not stop there. Now imagine a robot, endowed with artificial intelligence, producing music. This prompts us to question how we should evaluate and perceive such creations. Is the creative process of a machine fundamentally different from that of an animal or a human? As we venture further into this realm of human-made intelligence, we confront an array of ethical, philosophical, and legal quandaries. This paper provides a platform for a reflective discussion: ethologists, neuroscientists, philosophers, and bioinformaticians converge in a multidisciplinary dialogue. Their insights provide valuable perspectives for establishing a foundation upon which to discuss the intricate concepts of authorship and appropriation concerning artistic works generated by non-human entities.

Purpose: to illuminate the ethnopolitical aspects of Turkey's median hedging strategy, which has been significantly influenced by the Russian military aggression against Ukraine. This strategy serves as a potential model for maintaining national stability amidst the challenges of globalisation.
Method: analysis and synthesis, comparative, modelling, analogies, and functional.
Findings: Determination of the conceptual foundations of Turkey's foreign policy against the background of the Russian military aggression against Ukraine; analysis of Turkey's median hedging policy as a model for ensuring the national stability of the state in the face of challenges and threats of globalisation.
Theoretical implications: It consists of determining the main ethnopolitical features of Turkey's median hedging as a mechanism for ensuring the national stability of the state against the background of the Russian military aggression against Ukraine and the formation of a foreign policy course.
Practical implications: This study sheds light on the evolving security architecture of Europe and the world, particularly through the lens of Turkey's median hedging policy. The findings suggest a need for reevaluating defence and foreign policy strategies, enhancing state stability, increasing military expenditures, and forging new alliances. These insights can be valuable for professional researchers, geopolitics and geostrategy analysts, security and defence sector representatives, international organisations as well as state and local authorities.
Originality: This research stands out for its exploration of the ethnopolitical dimensions of Turkey's foreign policy, particularly in the context of escalating globalisation challenges and the Russian military aggression against Ukraine. The study underscores the state's deepening median hedging policy as a response to these dynamics.
Paper type: theoretical, practical.

AbstractThe rapid urbanization and population growth in major cities have given rise to enduring urban challenges, prompting local governments to assess urban development performance and customize urban planning strategies to meet these challenges. This study aims to formulate an evaluation framework for the comprehensive efficiency of major cities, centering on governance, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and sustainability as fundamental aspects. Distinct from prior research, the framework employs the network slack-based measure (SBM) to unravel efficiency, concurrently scrutinizing input/output slack and link efficiency. Utilizing the network SBM model, the study assesses the comprehensive operational efficiencies of 38 major Chinese cities spanning from 2015 to 2019. The application of the Kruskal–Wallis test discerns differences in comprehensive efficiency between coastal and inland areas. The results indicate that governance, ICT, and sustainability significantly influence the comprehensive operations of cities. In addition to general and short-term policies, the implementation of the National New-Type Urbanization Plan by the Chinese central government has led to an increase in the number of cities demonstrating sustainable efficiency. Despite fluctuations in the efficiency gap during the study period, coastal cities consistently outperform their inland counterparts in terms of efficiency. Persistent geographical disparities underscore the imperative for balanced development. While acknowledging positive strides in sustainable urbanization, the study emphasizes the ongoing necessity to address the adverse impacts of urban development, positioning governance, ICT, and sustainability as indispensable elements in confronting the multifaceted challenges inherent in urban development. The research findings contribute significantly to the field of urban efficiency evaluation, accentuating the collaborative impact of governance, ICT, and sustainability.