The book deals with urban transportation planning in light of environmental sustainability and social equity. It begins with a review of the Indian urban transportation system and the issues surrounding it, and discusses the alternatives and policy directions that are being considered. It examines all the environmental issues arising out of transportation as a sector and assesses the alternatives that can be considered to improve sustainability. Further, the book not only analyses transportation modes that cater to the travel needs of the poor, so as to make them more socially equitable, but also explores measures to promote them using a multi-criteria and multi-stakeholder approach. It addresses the barriers that are bottlenecks for the implementation of cleaner fuels and modes of transport and presents an incremental approach to tackle environmental concerns, including climate change, when planning transportation in the long term. Finally, it presents the dilemma of city administrators in choosing between strategies aimed at local pollution control and those aimed at limiting global emissions. This unique book provides a comprehensive overview of sustainable transportation. It discusses all the important elements that are essential to transportation planners and policy makers when planning a citys transportation. Theoretical presentations augmented by case-specific research work and the methodology used in some of the modules, make it a valuable resource for researchers working at the forefront of this area.
La relevancia del género bélico a la hora de definir el imaginario social sobre el conflicto representado es considerable, ya que la ficción bélica tiene una cualidad única que no comparte con ningún otro género: ninguna fórmula narrativa mantiene una relación tan estrecha con la realidad representada o con las percepciones de esa realidad. Por ello, ningún otro género posee el potencial de ser tan político e ideológico a la hora de representar la conciencia colectiva, los valores y las actitudes que se relacionan con un conflicto. La naturaleza huidiza y compleja de la guerra requiere de un trabajo de selección y simplificación a la hora de ser narrada en la ficción. Así, cada ciclo del género bélico tiene la necesidad dramática de destacar unos aspectos del conflicto por encima de otros, escoger ciertos temas y motivos. De esta manera, el género contribuye al mismo tiempo a anclar una imagen del conflicto, tanto desde un punto de vista iconológico como de sentido. Es por ello que la evolución del género es constatable con cada contienda que trata en la ficción. Así sucede también con la Guerra de Irak (2003-2011): el género bélico contribuye a modelar la visión del conflicto, la actitud que debemos tener hacia el mismo y los sentimientos que nos debe provocar. El papel de la narrativa resulta fundamental en el proceso de creación de las narraciones de las guerras y esto es, precisamente, lo que interesa a esta investigación. La atención se dirige a los cambios y evoluciones narrativas a los que se ha debido someter el género bélico estadounidense para recrear la última de las guerras estadounidenses llevadas a la gran pantalla, la Guerra de Irak. La naturaleza militar, política, mediática y económica de esta guerra la convierten en un conflicto excepcional y único, diferenciado de los que le preceden. Resulta pues de obligado estudio la representación que el género bélico norteamericano ha realizado de uno de los más conflictivos sucesos de este todavía joven siglo XXI. Esta investigación pretende responder a cómo ha enriquecido el Ciclo de la guerra de Irak la historia y el imaginario del género bélico estadounidense, teniendo en cuenta las implicaciones que conlleva la representación de una guerra en la ficción. ; The relevance of the war film, specifically the American one, with regards to the definition of the social imaginary of the conflict is substantial in that war fiction has a unique quality that it does not share with any other genre. This genre has no narrative formula and maintains a close relationship with the reality represented and the perceptions of that reality. Therefore, no other genre has the potential to be as political and ideological in representing the collective consciousness of the values and attitudes that relate to the conflict. The elusive and complex nature of war requires a task of selection and simplification when told in fiction. Thus, each war genre cycle has the dramatic need to highlight some aspects of the conflict over others, choosing certain themes and motifs. Thus, the genre contributes to anchor an image of the conflict, both from the perspective of meaning and from the view of iconography. This is why the evolution of the genre is evident with every war represented in fiction. Therefore with the Iraq War (2003-2011), the war genre helps to shape the vision of the conflict, the attitude that we have toward it and the feelings that we must face. The role of narrative is essential in the process of creating war narratives and this is precisely the main interest to this research. The attention is focused on the narrative changes and developments that the genre has experienced as shown on the big screen with this last American war, The Iraq War. The military, economic and social aspects of this conflict are exceptional and unique, distinct from the other earlier conflicts. The characteristics of this war scenario require a deep study of the American war genre representation of the most controversial event of this still young century. This research aims to answer how the Iraqi war cycle has enriched the history and imagery of the American war genre while considering the implications of the representation of war in fiction.
Plantu, one of the columnists of the french newspaper Le Monde, has been drawing since 1972 cartoons which cause a lot of readers to smile rather than laugh. The reason is that the humorous aspect of his drawings hide both emotion and thought as regards the national and international news. Our research aims first of all at showing that Plantu is non only a journalist but also a militant. He fights for Democraty, the Human Rights and the improvement of Man's living conditions. Our research aims too at showing that Plantu shares the fundamental values of the magazines he has been working for ; he has even managed several times to move them away of their official line. As a conclusion, we would like to attach the greatest importance to considering "the newspper cartoon" as a political chronicle. We would like to insist, too, on the necessity to distinguish it from the humorous pages or comic strips ; we prefer to link it to political science. ; Depuis 1972, les dessins de PLantu, chroniqueur au Monde, font sourire de nombreux lecteurs mais ne provoquent pas leur rire. C'est que derrière l'humour du dessin, se cachent émotion et réflexion sur l'actualité politique nationale et internationale. Notre recherche, dans un premier temps, montre que Plantu n'est pas seulement un journaliste mais aussi un militant. Il combat pour la Démocratie, les Droits de l'homme et le Développement humain. Notre recherche, dans un deuxième temps, montre que Plantu partage les valeurs essentielles des publications auxquelles il a collaboré et qu'il est parvenu plusieurs fois à s'éloigner de leur ligne officielle. Nous concluons sur l'importance de considérer le dessin de presse comme une chronique politique et sur la nécessité de le séparer des rubriques "humour" et "bande dessinée" pour l'attacher à la science politique.
Plantu, one of the columnists of the french newspaper Le Monde, has been drawing since 1972 cartoons which cause a lot of readers to smile rather than laugh. The reason is that the humorous aspect of his drawings hide both emotion and thought as regards the national and international news. Our research aims first of all at showing that Plantu is non only a journalist but also a militant. He fights for Democraty, the Human Rights and the improvement of Man's living conditions. Our research aims too at showing that Plantu shares the fundamental values of the magazines he has been working for ; he has even managed several times to move them away of their official line. As a conclusion, we would like to attach the greatest importance to considering "the newspper cartoon" as a political chronicle. We would like to insist, too, on the necessity to distinguish it from the humorous pages or comic strips ; we prefer to link it to political science. ; Depuis 1972, les dessins de PLantu, chroniqueur au Monde, font sourire de nombreux lecteurs mais ne provoquent pas leur rire. C'est que derrière l'humour du dessin, se cachent émotion et réflexion sur l'actualité politique nationale et internationale. Notre recherche, dans un premier temps, montre que Plantu n'est pas seulement un journaliste mais aussi un militant. Il combat pour la Démocratie, les Droits de l'homme et le Développement humain. Notre recherche, dans un deuxième temps, montre que Plantu partage les valeurs essentielles des publications auxquelles il a collaboré et qu'il est parvenu plusieurs fois à s'éloigner de leur ligne officielle. Nous concluons sur l'importance de considérer le dessin de presse comme une chronique politique et sur la nécessité de le séparer des rubriques "humour" et "bande dessinée" pour l'attacher à la science politique.
Abstract The graphic representation of relational data is one of the central elements of social network analysis. In this paper, the author describe the use of visualization in interview-based data collection procedures designed to obtain personal networks information, exploring four main contributions. First, the author shows a procedure by which the visualization is integrated with traditional name generators to facilitate obtaining information and reducing the burden of the interview process. Second, the author describes the reactions and qualitative interpretation of the interviewees when they are presented with an analytical visualization of their personal network. The most frequent strategies consist in identifying the key individuals, dividing the personal network in groups and classifying alters in concentric circles of relative importance. Next, the author explores how the visualization of groups in personal networks facilitates the enumeration of the communities in which individuals participate. This allows the author to reflect on the role of social circles in determining the structure of personal networks. Finally, the author compares the graphic representation obtained through spontaneous, hand-drawn sociograms with the analytical visualizations elicited through software tools. This allows the author to demonstrate that analytical procedures reveal aspects of the structure of personal networks that respondents are not aware of, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of using both modes of data collection. For this, the author presents findings from a study of highly skilled migrants living in Spain (n = 95) through which the author illustrates the challenges, in terms of data reliability, validity and burden on both the researcher and the participants.
Themes and problems -- Disguising reality : critique of ideological thinking in political economy -- Rethinking liberal values : power and (political) economics -- Equality and the proper liberal -- A liberal critique of "liberal" freedom -- Galbraith and the economic debate over democracy -- A role for government -- A good society : individuality, community, and social balance -- Galbraith and American liberalism
This book rethinks the concept of community taking Jean-Luc Nancy's influential essay "La communauté désoeuvrée" as its starting point, tracing subsequent scholarship on community and adding new insights on avant-garde aesthetics and politics. Extensively exploring the communitarian dimension of avant-garde aesthetics and politics (focusing on artistic groups, intellectual circles and theoretical collectives), the author aims to bring literature and art into a philosophical examination of the paradoxical and complex idea of community. Zrinka Boézić is Assistant Professor of Literary Theory and History in the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at the University of Zagreb, Croatia. Her research interests include narrative theory, intersections between literature and philosophy, the position of literature and literary theory in relation to politics, avant-garde theory and practice, theories of representation and problems of testimony.
Asian Smallholders in Comparative Perspective provides the first multicountry, inter-disciplinary analysis of the single most important social and economic formation in the Asian countryside: the smallholder. Based on ten core country chapters, the volume describes and explains the persistence, transformations, functioning and future of the smallholder and smallholdings across East and Southeast Asia. As well as providing a source book for scholars working on agrarian change in the region, it also engages with a number of key current areas of debate, including: the nature and direction of the agrarian transition in Asia, and its distinctiveness vis à vis transitions in the global North; the persistence of the smallholder notwithstanding deep and rapid structural change; and the question of the efficiency and productivity of smallholder-based farming set against concerns over global and national food security.
They are 27 persons changing how we farm, how the food system operates, and how we eat. No two are the same, but all are far from ordinary. Some want to change how we farm to make it more sustainable, while others want to transform the food system in the name of social justice. Some seek to alter what we eat, while others want to change how and where we eat. They include regular farmers, but also farmers growing food without the sun or soil. They include architects, molecular biologists, Black Lives Matter activists, anarchists, undercover animal rights investigators, big farmers, small farmers, martial arts instructors, and more. Join us at the table to dine with 27 food radicals - and see the world of food as you have rarely seen it before.
Reasserting the rural development agenda : lessons learned and emerging challenges in Asia -- Contents -- Tables -- Figures -- Preface -- Contributors -- 1. Challenges and Policy Options for Agricultural Development: Overview and Synthesis -- 2. The Economics of Agricultural Development: What Have We Learned? -- 3. The Role of Social Structures and Norms in Agricultural Development: African and East Asian Communities Compared -- 4. Food Security in a Globalised Setting -- 5. Poverty and Vulnerability -- 6. Asian Agricultural Development: From the Green Revolution to the Gene Revolution -- 7. Dryland Agriculture in Asia: Ideas, Paradigms and Policies -- 8. Establishing Efficient Use of Water Resources in Asia -- 9. Improving the Delivery of Extension Services to Rural People: New Perspectives -- 10. Land Tenure and Forest Resource Management in Asia -- 11. Globalisation and the Poverty- Environment Link in Asian Agriculture -- 12. The Supermarket Revolution with Asian Characteristics -- Index.
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International audience ; Individual and corporate responsibility is the basis for sustainable development of society and the world. Environmental responsibility of business entities is a prerequisite for the survival of people, which is why it is an important aspect of corporate responsibility. The purpose of the paper is to determine the content of corporate and social responsibility of business entities in the field of environmental protection in terms of its interaction with the state on the basis of public-private partnership. The general scientific method of comparison made it possible to compare the Ukrainian legislative base on environmental protection with the legal framework of regulation and practice in foreign countries. Through the structural and functional analysis, it was possible to consider the features of the interaction between the state and business structures and between other institutions the activities of which are related to environmental protection. The analysis revealed the necessity to consider and include elements of environmental and social responsibility of business in the mechanisms of public-private partnership. The study shows that public-private partnership is an imperative element in the composition of social responsibility. The author proposes a definition of environmental responsibility that encompasses three factors: legal, economic and social. In the future, this research area will be of interest as a comparison of the legislative support of the types of responsibility for foreign and international standards in the context of implementing the relevant standards in the Ukrainian legislative framework and their implementation on practice.
This article critiques the widely accepted official label 'Culturally and Linguistically Diverse' (CALD), used in Australia to refer mainly to Australia's non-Indigenous ethnic groups other than the English-speaking Anglo-Saxon majority. Our main contention is that it is a racialised and racialising label that perpetuates institutional racism, providing a conceptual excuse for legitimising privilege and altruistic governmentality over minority groups, while inferiorising and projecting these groups as an analogous population who need 'fixing'. The article draws on the sociological construct of labelling, through which we analyse the framing of CALD people in the literature as 'deviants' using Black African Migrants in Australia as exemplars. We propose that CALD labelling is counterproductive because it hinders social integration, divides people into 'us and them', homogenises, blurs particular lived experiences and needs, and ignores intersectional issues.
PurposeCultural variance represents a significant challenge to policy designers and, in practice, to employers in the varied employment spaces. Providing workplace accessibility for the integration of various cultural groups requires deep thinking and creating unique possibilities for each group in accord with its particular heritage. Ultra-Orthodox society in Israel is a religious minority group that has undergone significant changes, from a desire to maintain total separation, to gradual integration into a variety of areas in Israeli society. In light of these changes, we sought to examine what policies should be adopted in order to improve ultra- Orthodox integration.Design/methodology/approachMethodologically, we examined the cultural variance of ultra-Orthodox academics in their workplace using combined methods. The study included 745 ultra-Orthodox academics who responded to an online questionnaire that examined the issue in question from various aspects. In addition, four focus groups were convened, in which discussion examined issues.FindingsThe study findings reveal that the integration policies of the various workplaces were above and beyond the expectations of the cultural diversity management approach. Although the study focused on the personal perspective of the ultra-Orthodox employees who integrated, the employers' open and accepting attitudes were very prominent. The participants' comments showed that the employers showed great consideration for their needs and exceptional cultural sensitivity towards the employees' temperament. This dialogue constitutes the basis for managing variance in a multicultural society. The understanding by the employer of the background and cultural legacy from which the worker has come, alongside the difficulties he must cope with constitutes, in itself, the basis for building a stable relationship between employer and worker and for optimal integration of a minority group in society.Practical implicationsThe findings indicate that cultural adjustment is required in four areas: a. Adaptation from the social and cultural aspect in the workplace. b. The definition of different areas of employment specific to gender. c. Consideration of the employees' halachic needs d. Professional preparation for employees prior to their absorption.Originality/valueThis study is a pioneering one, examining the integration of ultra-Orthodox academics in the Israeli economy. This process is very significant in a political entity with different cultural identities. The acquisition of a higher education in ultra-Orthodox society in Israel and subsequent integration into the Israeli economy has a decisive cultural and economic impact on both the ultra-Orthodox and general societies simultaneously. An examination of the issue of integration of the ultra-Orthodox minority in employment is intended not only to investigate the character and nature of the process, but also to examine the place of multiculturalism in Western societies and the interaction between a minority group and the majority group, with an emphasis on employment.
The Sociocultural Animation Project "Active Ageing in a Retirement Home" designs Animation as an integral part the daily life of the institution and its residents. Using this approach we hope to improve quality of life for residents, promoting an environment that helps elderly people live their closing years in an active and satisfactory way. We conclude that Sociocultural Animation is a mode of intervention in all aspects of the life of the elderly, and it is a permanent stimulus for mental, physical and emotional capacities. It acts in facilitating access to a more active and creative life, improves communication in relationships with others, encouraging better preparation for life in a community and it develops personal autonomy.
The financial statement has essential meaning for all organizations because financial statement is the main facility to communicate the financial information to external and internal party. As well as amil zakat institution, financial statement can be made as responsibility media of amil zakat manager to stakeholder and muzzaki. Amil zakat institution is also demanded to always improve the transparency and accountability. The stakeholders of amil zakat institution can use financial statement media to assess a) the service given by amil zakat institution and their ability to continue to give the service; and b) the way how amil zakat managers perform their responsibility and management performance aspect. Government organization, donators, member of organization and community need to know the fund that has been collected by amil zakat institution. Likewise the administrators and managers of amil zakat institution must perform the evaluation of organization's performance. The requirement of financial statement of amil zakat institution that can improve transparency and accountability is very important to keep the trust level of community. Moreover in the era of openness of information and democracy improvement which occurs within the community so the financial responsibility becomes very important and becomes an urgent demand. Furthermore the existing financial statement model of amil zakat institution is far from transparency and accountability aspects. As financial statement of Amil Zakat Board of Sidoarjo Regency which only reports the acceptance, output and deposit, in every repot listed in its bulletin. As well as Amil Zakat Institution of Muhammadiyah Regional Leader of Sidoarjo that only presents the report of acceptance, output and deposit, given to their donators. The refereed change is to change the existing responsibility statement format to ideal financial statement that is able to improve transparency and accountability of amil zakat institution. Keywords: financial statement model, transparency, accountability, amil zakat institution
