Suchergebnisse

"With the proliferation of academic journals and the increased importance attributed to research papers for academic careers, the tradition of writing book manuscripts has become less popular in social sciences. However, there still is a point in writing a book to provide an 'unified overview' of specific field of research. This is especially the case when the research produced in a specific field has set the foundations of an independent field of study which can be labeled as the 'political economy of health and health care'. Increasingly, scholars of different disciplines such as economics, politics, sociology, health sciences among others, have produced a wealth of knowledge on how political institutions and processes influence the dynamics and performance of health systems. Most of these contributions, however, tend to be scattered, and often fail to speak to each other when they probably should for the discipline to continue advancing. The purpose of this book has been to build a bridge between disciplines and help contribute to a unified perspective."

Historical parallels, analogies, anachronisms and metaphors to the past play a crucial role in political speeches, historical narratives, iconography, movies and newspapers on a daily basis. They frame, articulate and represent a specific understanding of history and can be used not only to construct but also to rethink historical continuity. Almost-forgotten or sleeping history can be revived to legitimize an imagined future in a political discourse today. History can hardly be neutral or factual because it depends on the historian's, as well the people's, perspective as to what kind of events and sources they combine to make history meaningful. Analysing historical analogies - as embedded in narratives and images of the past - enables us to understand how history and collective memory are managed and used for political purposes and to provide social orientation in time and space. To rethink theories of history, iconology and collective memory, the authors of this volume discuss a variety of cases from Hong Kong, China and Europe.

This edited volume is the first to discuss the methodological implications of the?emotional turn? in International Relations. While emotions have become of increasing interest to IR theory, methodological challenges have yet to receive proper attention. Acknowledging the pluralityof ontological positions, concepts and theories about the role of emotions in world politics, this volume presents and discusses various ways to research emotions empirically. Based on concrete research projects, the chapters demonstrate how social-scientific and humanitiesoriented methodological approaches can be successfully adapted to the study of emotions in IR. The volume covers a diverse set of both well-established and innovative methods, including discourse analysis, ethnography, narrative, and visual analysis. Through a hands-on approach, each chapter sheds light on practical challenges and opportunities, as well as lessons learnt for future research. The volume is an invaluable resource for advanced graduate and postgraduate students as well as scholars interested in developing their own empirical research on the role of emotions

"The Web plays an increasingly important role in the communication strategies of political parties and movements, which increasingly utilize it for promoting ideas and ideologies as well as mobilization and campaigning strategies. This book explores the role of the Web for right-wing populist political parties and movements across Europe. Analyzing these groups' discourses and practices of online communication, it shows how social media is used to spread ideas and mobilize supporters whilst also excluding constructed 'others' such as migrants, Muslims, women or LGBT persons. Expert contributors provide evidence of a shift in the strategies of mainstream parties as they also engage in 'Internet populism' and suggest ways that progressive movements can and do respond to counter these developments. Topics are explored using a cross-country analysis which does not neglect the particularities of the national contexts. This work will appeal to researchers and students working in the fields of media and communication studies, political theory, policy analysis, studies of populism, racism and nationalism, gender, LGBT, migration, Islam and welfare."--Provided by publisher.

Intro -- CULTURAL BROKERS AT MEDITERRANEAN COURTS IN THE MIDDLE AGES -- CONTENTS -- Preface -- Courts, Brokers and Brokerage in the Medieval Mediterranean -- Jews at the Mongol Court in Iran: Cultural Brokers or Minor Actors in a Cultural Boom? -- The Emergence of an Islamic Culture in Early Abbasid Iraq: The Role of non-Arab Contributions -- Missionaries as Cultural Brokers at the Fatimid Court in Cairo -- Trujamanes and Scribes: Interpreting Mediation in Iberian Royal Courts -- Love Without Borders: Jewish and Muslim Paramours in 13th and 14th Century Castile -- Mendicants, Jews and Muslims at Court in the Crown of Aragon: Social Practice and Inter-Religious Communication -- Experts, Border-Crossers and Cultural Brokers: The Knowledge of Islam and Contacts to Islamic Cultures at the Curia in the 15th Century -- Muslim Embassies in Renaissance Venice: The Framework of an Intercultural Dialogue -- Cultural Brokers in Relation with the Byzantine Court in the Later 14th and 15th Centuries -- The Vice-Chancellors of the Hospitallers on Rhodes -- Cultural Brokers at the Court of Lusignan Cyprus -- Jews, Christians and Muslims in the Middle Ages -- Index.

Comment naît une langue nationale ? La Révolution française a été confrontée d'emblée au problème linguistique, dès lors que, fondant un ordre politique et social neuf, elle entendait rallier à son projet des masses patoisantes. Entre les projets fédéralistes de 1790 et les mesures jacobines de destruction décidées en 1793-1794, l'enquête sur les patois de l'abbé Grégoire tient une place stratégique. Sous les yeux des correspondants de Grégoire, pouvoirs, savoirs et croyances bougent ensemble. Dangereux et fascinant, le monde du patois est pour eux le proche mais l'autre. Dans la géographie des Lumières, un monde impensé surgit : la campagne. Qu'est ce peuple à qui la Révolution assigne désormais la mission de faire l'histoire ? Cette campagne, à la fois jardin des origines et noire réserve de l'animalité ? Comment mobiliser un savoir local au service d'un dessein politique : le triomphe du français, qui doit être celui de la Nation et de la Raison ? Paris dicte le geste qui retranche dans la marginalité et bientôt le folklore les cultures régionales.

"The rising value of human life in America is one of the signs of our advancing culture. The evidence of its existence is all about us and it needs no argument. But the value of human living as contrasted with human life is not yet on a sound standard, although public health, education, theology, medicine, and social work have been expanding their interests, in morbidity, mortality, and casualties to encompass the more positive satisfying, effective, and productive living. An attempt is made in the pages that follow to show how reasonable are the quandaries of the veteran, considering what he has been through and how reasonable it is that we should not throw the whole burden of finding his way upon shoulders that are new to this type of responsibility, nor take from those shoulders loads that they can carry. It is not a matter of rewarding a man for work well done"--Foreword. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2014 APA, all rights reserved).

Mit dem steigenden Umweltbewusstsein der Bevölkerung, steigt auch der Anspruch an die Wirtschaft im Sinne der Nachhaltigkeit und des Umweltschutzes zu handeln. Zu diesem Zweck führen Unternehmen Umweltmanagementsysteme ein und erheben jene Faktoren der Umwelt, die die Unternehmen beeinflussen, die Umweltaspekte. Nicht alle Umweltaspekte können gleichermaßen im Umweltprogramm Platz finden, vor allem aus Kosten- und Zeitgründen. Deshalb ist es notwendig, die Umweltaspekte einer Reihung zu unterziehen. Es werden im Rahmen des Umweltmanagementsystems Methoden und Verfahren eingeführt, um die Umweltaspekte zu Bewerten und zu Priorisieren. Die Vorschriften der bekanntesten Umweltmanagementsysteme nach ISO 14001 und der EMAS-Verordnung stellen keine Methode in den Vordergrund. Jedes Unternehmen muss selbst entscheiden, welche Verfahren es einführen will, weshalb es eine Vielzahl von Methoden gibt. Die Frage die sich dabei stellt ist, welche Methoden es dafür gibt? Um dies zu untersuchen, wurden die Umweltberichte der steirischen EMAS-Betriebe untersucht und ermittelt, welche Verfahren die Unternehmen verwenden. Weiters wurde zuvor eine Literaturrecherche durchgeführt um zu überprüfen, welche Methoden bereits in diesem Zusammenhang beschrieben sind. Eine weitere Frage die sich stellt ist, ob es auch weitere Methoden aus anderen Bereichen gibt, die sich dazu eignen. Ein Ergebnis der Analysen der Umweltberichte war, dass es viele verschiedene Instrumente gibt, die wiederum von Unternehmen zu Unternehmen unterschiedlich interpretiert werden. Erstaunlich war, dass viele Unternehmen der Auskunftspflicht laut EMAS-VO nicht nachgekommen sind. Die Untersuchung von Instrumenten aus anderen Bereichen ergab, dass es durchaus mehr oder weniger komplexe Methoden gibt, die sich als Bewertungs- und Priorisierungsmethoden eignen. Jedoch besteht hier noch weiteres Forschungspotenzial, da es noch sehr viele Instrumente aus anderen Bereichen gibt, die Untersucht werden können. ; Because of the climate change and the rising social commitment, ecological awareness is increasing. Economies, especially companies, are also forced to do so. They have to act sustainable and protect our environment. That?s why they introduce an eco-management and audit scheme and evaluate their environmental aspects. It is too expensive to treat every environmental aspect in the same way. Another reason why we cannot mention them all in the environmental program is, that it is too time-consuming. That?s why companies have to evaluate and prioritize their environmental aspects.The ISO 14001 and the EMAS audit scheme claim, that companies have to introduce methods to do so. But there is no method mentioned in their legislative text, so companies have to choose on their own. So there is a question to answer: What Methods are used to evaluate and prioritize environmental aspects? To find this out, this paper analyses the environmental reports of the Styrian companies that are a part of the EMAS audit scheme. Also literature was scanned to find out which methods are mentioned in books and other papers by now. Another question that this paper analyses is, are there any further methods from other parts of economic and ecologic research, which are proper to evaluate and prioritize environmental aspects?One result of the research was, that there are a lot of different instruments to evaluate environmental aspects and that companies do interpret this instruments differently. Another thing that was found out is, that the ABC-Analysis is one of the most popular. Surprisingly some of the EMAS audit scheme companies did not answer to the request of information, what would be compulsive for them. Another output was, that there are a lot of other instruments from other parts of science that could be used to evaluate and prioritize environmental aspects. In this part there is further research potential. ; vorgelegt von Bianca Köck ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers ; Zsfassung in dt. und engl. Sprache ; Graz, Univ., Masterarb., 2013 ; (VLID)227183

An interview with Russian political leader Yevgeni Primakov that addresses the emergence of international terrorism, discusses the Russian government's proposal to increase its military budget, and suggests changes to the composition of the United Nations Security Council is presented. After identifying the central characteristics of terrorist activity, it is asserted that international terrorism has expanded this understanding; specifically, international terrorism is distinguished by the emergence of terrorist organizations not affiliated with particular states and by the objective of causing social destabilization within certain states. Explanations for the Russian government's initiative to augment the national defense budget are subsequently offered, eg, the need to develop cost-effective defense measures that correspond to those created by other global powers. In addition, it is recommended that countries from underrepresented or unrepresented regions (eg, Africa, Asia, and Latin America) should be granted permanent seats on the United Nations Security Council to ensure that all regional interests are represented.

This dissertation contributes to a developing conversation between social movements scholars and organizations researchers by investigating the influence of different cultural models of organization in the organic foods industry. Within this field of activity, the model of market efficiency promotes highly rationalized organizational forms. On the other hand, the model of humanism advocates personal and community development through participatory organizations. The dissertation analyzes how industry members and the organization that they run respond to these different models of organization. Market growth during the 1990s and 2000s propelled the organic industry in the direction of rationalization. This was especially evident in new legal structures that standardized the definition of organic production, regulated the use of organic marketing claims, and channeled a significant amount of consumer and social movement activism into institutionalized channels. However, even in the large grocery companies that now sell organic foods, rationalization remains uneven because these companies must respond to unpredictable features of the organic industry, the restructuring of the grocery industry, and campaigns organized by consumer activists. Models of rationalization have also affected the smaller, humanistically-inclined natural food co-op stores, whose leaders have used mechanisms of symbolic realignment, loose coupling and bricolage to maintain a countercultural identity while also adapting to a more competitive market. The competing models of organization also appear in organic industry members' explanations of their decision to work in the organic industry. While industry members generally agree that the organic industry is more environmentally beneficial than the conventional foods industry, they disagree about whether the ultimate goals of the industry should be the conversion of as much land as possible to organic management or transformation of the environmental consciousness of individuals. Finally, professionals show ambivalence about involving consumers in debates about the organic industry and about broader environmental politics. These findings contest the ability of scholars to draw clear boundaries between social movement and non-movement organizations and reassert the importance of culture in this growing field of research

Defence date: 26 January 2017 ; Examining Board: Professor Olivier Roy, EUI (Supervisor); Professor Nilüfer Göle, EHESS; Professor Şahin Alpay, Bahçeşehir University (Emeritus); Professor Donatella della Porta, fomerly EUI/SNS ; Freedom of religion has been a delicate issue since the foundation of the Turkish Republic, despite the principle of secularism stated in the country's constitution since 1937. This is especially evident in considering the status of non-Muslim minorities. After decades marked by assaults aimed at the non-Muslims of Turkey and confiscation of properties belonging to their communities, several reform packages were adopted by the Turkish government in order better to secure their religious freedoms. Recent developments signaled a change may be underway with regard to state's approach to religion in general, and non-Muslims in particular. Despite the growing body of literature focusing on the recent democratization process in Turkey, only a few studies found the case of non-Muslims worthy of including in their analysis, as they are often perceived to be insignificant due to their small share among the general population. In accounting for recent developments visible in various fields such as civilmilitary relations, Kurdish issue and religion-state relations, a vast majority scholarship has perceived the European Union accession process as the main anchor of this democratization process. Considering, however, that the recasting of freedom of religion has continued even after the stagnation of EU conditionality, alternative explanations must be explored. I argue that the recent process of recasting the parameters of religious freedoms can be solely explained by neither the role of EU conditionality nor the reading of developments through separate alternative models. Though recent years have witnessed several significant attempts combining various models in explaining the democratization process, no analysis to date has paid particular attention to religion and religious preferences, and I believe this leads to an insufficient understanding of recent developments in relation to freedom of religion. In order to gain a comprehensive perspective, I have adopted an analytically eclectic approach benefitting from External Incentives, Social Learning and Lesson Drawing models and demonstrated how together they have interactively shaped the parameters of freedom of religion throughout different time periods in the Turkish state. I have employed a within-casecomparison methodology of three time periods (1999-2005/ 2005-2010/ 2011-2015), embracing a process-tracing method. Taking the results generated by applying these models to the context in Turkey, I contend that EU conditionality was the initial motive behind the reform process in the first time period analyzed, while growth of social dynamics has been observed only during the second period. Finally, the lesson drawing model, aka the AKP's preferences, have played a decisive role throughout all of the time periods examined.

List of llustrations; Preface Chapter 1. Introduction: Postsocialist Europe and the Anthropological Perspective from Home; László Kürti and Peter Skalník Chapter 2. Gender and Governance in Rural Communities of Postsocialist Slovakia; Alexandra Bitušíková and Katarína Koštialová Chapter 3. Property Relations, Class, and Labour in Rural Poland; Michał Buchowski Chapter 4. Migs and Cadres on the Move: Thoughts on the Mimetic Dimensions of Postsocialism; Hana Červinková Chapter 5. Diasporas Coming Home. Identity and Uncertainty of Transnational Returnees in Postcommunist Lithuania; Vytis Čiubrinskas Chapter 6. A Rainbow Flag Against the Krakow Dragon. Polish Responses to the Gay and Lesbian Movement; Grażyna Kubica Chapter 7. Olivia's Story: Capitalism and Rabbit Farming in Hungary; László Kürti Chapter 8. Punk Anthropology: From a Study of a Local Slovene Alternative Rock Scene towards Partisan Scholarship; Rajko Muršič Chapter 9. Being Locked Out and Locked In: The Culture of Homelessness in Hungary; Terézia Nagy Chapter 10. Political Anthropology of the Postcommunist Czech Republic: Local-National and Rural-Urban Scenes; Peter Skalník Chapter 11. Comparative Cultural Aspects of Work in Multinational Enterprises; Gabriel-Ionut Stoiciu Chapter 12. Immigrants from Ukraine in the Czech Republic: Foreigners in the Border Zone; Zdeněk Uherek Chapter 13. Afterword - Under the Aegis of Anthropology: Blazing New Trails; Christian Giordano Notes on Contributors; Index

Adam Ferguson, a friend of David Hume and Adam Smith, was among the leading Scottish Enlightenment figures who worked to develop a science of man. He created a methodology for moral science that combined empirically based social theory with normative moralising. He was among the first in the English-speaking world to make use of the terms civilization, civil society and political science. Craig Smith explores Ferguson's thought, and examines his attempt to develop a genuine moral science and its place in providing a secure basis for the virtuous education of the new elite of Hanoverian Britain. The Ferguson that emerges is far from the stereotyped image of a republican sceptical about commercial society and much closer to the mainstream of the Scottish Enlightenment and its defence of the new British commercial order

FRAMING THE POST-2015 AGENDA:What issues will (re)define the post-2015 debate? /Andy Sumner,Meera Tiwari --Beyond the romantic violence of the MDGs : development, aid, and human rights /Charles Gore --Integrating human rights and equality : a development agenda for the future /Dan Seymour --Global norms and national politics : the case of social protection /Armando Barrientos,David Hulme --Monitoring MDGs : a human rights critique and alternative /Sakiko Fukuda-Parr,Joshua Greenstein --Rethinking the metrics of progress : the case of water and sanitation /Malcolm Langford --Goals, rights, and political economy : daring to break out of the liberal ideological box! /Fantu Cheru --Civil and political rights and the post-2015 agenda : once more unto the breach /Malcolm Langford --CONCLUDING PERSPECTIVE:Back to the future : reconciling paradigms or development as usual? /Malcolm Langford,Alicia Ely Yamin,Andy Sumner.

1 Some properties of basic statistical procedures -- 1.1 Problems of statistics -- 1.2 The t, X2 and F procedures -- 1.3 Standard assumptions and their plausibility -- 1.4 Tests of normality -- 1.5 Moments of $$\bar{x}$$ and s2 -- 1.6 The effect of skewness and kurtosis on the t-test -- 1.7 The effect of skewness and kurtosis on inferences about variances -- 1.8 The effect of serial correlation -- 1.9 The effect of unequal variances on the two-sample t-test -- 1.10 Discussion -- Further reading -- 2 Regression and the linear model -- 2.1 Linear models -- 2.2 The method of least squares -- 2.3 Properties of the estimators and sums of squares -- 2.4 Further analysis of Example 2.1 -- 2.5 The regressions of y on x and of x on y -- 2.6 Two regressor variables -- 2.7 Discussion -- 3 Statistical models and statistical inference -- 3.1 Parametric inference -- 3.2 Point estimates -- 3.3 The likelihood function -- 3.4 The method of maximum likelihood -- 3.5 The Cramér — Rao inequality -- 3.6 Sufficiency -- 3.7 The multivariate normal distribution -- 3.8 Proof of the Cramér — Rao inequality -- Further reading -- 4 Properties of the method of maximum likelihood -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Formal statements of main properties -- 4.3 Practical aspects — one-parameter case -- 4.4 Practical aspects — multiparameter case -- 4.5 Other methods of estimation -- 5 The method of least squares -- 5.1 Basic model -- 5.2 Properties of the method -- 5.3 Properties of residuals -- 5.4 Properties of sums of squares -- 5.5 Application to multiple regression -- Further reading -- 6 Multiple regression: Further analysis and interpretation -- 6.1 Testing the significance of subsets of explanatory variables -- 6.2 Application of the extra sum-of-squares principle to multiple regression -- 6.3 Problems of interpretation -- 6.4 Relationships between sums of squares -- 6.5 Departures from assumptions -- 6.6 Predictions from regression -- 6.7 Strategies for multiple regression analysis -- 6.8 Practical details -- Further reading on practical points -- 7 Polynomial regression -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 General theory -- 7.3 Derivation of the polynomials -- 7.4 Tables of orthogonal polynomials -- 7.5 An illustrative example -- 8 The use of transformations -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 One explanatory variable -- 8.3 Transformations for homogeneity of variance -- 8.4 An example -- 8.5 The Box—Cox transformation -- 8.6 Transformations of regressor variables -- 8.7 Application to bioassay data -- Further reading -- 9 Correlation -- 9.1 Definition and examples -- 9.2 Correlation or regression? -- 9.3 Estimation of ? -- 9.4 Results on the distribution of R -- 9.5 Confidence intervals and hypothesis tests for ? -- 9.6 Relationship with regression -- 9.7 Partial correlation -- 9.8 The multiple correlation coefficient -- Further reading -- 10 The analysis of variance -- 10.1 An example -- 10.2 Generalized inverses -- 10.3 Least squares using generalized inverses -- 10.4 One-way classification analysis of variance -- 10.5 A discussion of Example 10.1 -- 10.6 Two-way classification -- 10.7 A discussion of Example 10.2 -- 10.8 General method for analysis of variance -- Further reading -- 11 Designs with regressions in the treatment effects -- 11.1 One-way analysis -- 11.2 Parallel regressions -- 11.3 The two-way analysis -- 12 An analysis of data on trees -- 12.1 The data -- 12.2 Regression analyses -- 12.3 The analysis of covariance -- 12.4 Residuals -- 13 The analysis of variance: Subsidiary analyses -- 13.1 Multiple comparisons: Introduction -- 13.2 Multiple comparisons: Various techniques -- 13.3 Departures from underlying assumptions -- 13.4 Tests for heteroscedasticity -- 13.5 Residuals and outliers -- 13.6 Some points of experimental design: General points -- 13.7 Some points of experimental design: Randomized blocks -- Further reading on experimental design -- 14 Components of variance -- 14.1 Components of variance -- 14.2 Components of variance: Follow-up analysis -- 14.3 Nested classifications -- 14.4 Outline analysis of Example 14.3 -- 14.5 Nested classifications: Finite population model -- 14.6 Sampling from finite populations -- 14.7 Nested classifications with unequal numbers -- Further reading -- 15 Crossed classifications -- 15.1 Crossed classifications and interactions -- 15.2 More about interactions -- 15.3 Analysis of a two-way equally replicated design -- 15.4 An analysis of Example 15.1 -- 15.5 Unit errors -- 15.6 Random-effects models -- 15.7 Analysis of a two-way unequally replicated design -- Further reading -- 16 Further analysis of variance -- 16.1 Three-way crossed classification -- 16.2 An analysis of Example 16.1 -- Further reading -- 17 The generalized linear model -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 The maximum likelihood ratio test -- 17.3 The family of probability distributions permitted -- 17.4 The generalized linear model -- 17.5 The analysis of deviance -- 17.6 Illustration using the radiation experiment data -- Further reading -- References.