Suchergebnisse

Reviews one of the more prominent developments of the women's movement: that sexism & violence against women is openly discussed, & is often a political subject as a result. Though long criticized for its prudishness & legislative behavior with regard to sexual issues in the workplace, US legal developments in this area have been mirrored in many EU states, especially Germany. In this article, the author explores the reasons for these developments, focusing on a variety of factors, including the diffusion processes, public European discussion over US developments, & transnational political opportunity structures. The author argues that gender relations must be viewed not only from a national perspective, but a supranational one when studying the political effect of women's movements, especially gender-specific political & national opportunity structures with regard to the representation of women's interests in the workplace. 6 References. C. Houle

The historiography of the Gallipoli campaign suggests that the Turks were critically short of ammunition for the Dardanelles coastal defenses in Mar 1915. This theme, established by Winston Churchill, became the basis for a widespread belief that the Royal Navy, after its failure to carry the Dardanelles on 18 Mar 1915, simply needed one more determined naval push to breakthrough the narrows. The presumed consequence was that the Ottoman Empire, with Constantinople under the guns of the Royal Navy, would have withdrawn form the war. Using modern Turkish sources, the author examines the available quantities, placement, & expenditure of ammunition, & challenges the premise that the Turks were desperately short of heavy shells. The author concludes that the Turks had sufficient remaining ammunition to fiercely contest control of the straits. 4 Tables, 4 Maps. Adapted from the source document.

Discusses the "segmented assimilation" of immigrant students arriving in the US as exemplified by a CA high school with a rapidly increasing immigrant population & how it has responded to issues of race, class, culture, & language. An ethnographic study conducted 1992-1994 focused on 10 immigrant students & their experience of their new country. The author also designed projects to involve students & teachers in related studies of immigration. Immigrant students found themselves caught between the need to gain acceptance by becoming American & the need to remain themselves. Nonimmigrant students had similar concerns, but their problems were related to race rather than national origin, & they tended to ignore immigrants. The article discusses teachers' attempts to deal with the needs of both groups. The author discusses this school as a microcosm of the US immigrant experience. 1 Table, 25 References. J. R. Callahan

The article is devoted to the ideas and activities of archpriest Awaccum, one of the prominent political and religious figures 17th century. Avvaccum was the leader of religious dissenters and played a great role in dramatic events of Schism (rus. "raskol"). Based on the autobiography of Avvaccum, the author tries to understand a psychological motives which have inspired Avvacum to the struggle against Russian Orthodox Church and State Power. ; The article is devoted to the ideas and activities of archpriest Awaccum, one of the prominent political and religious figures 17th century. Avvaccum was the leader of religious dissenters and played a great role in dramatic events of Schism (rus. "raskol"). Based on the autobiography of Avvaccum, the author tries to understand a psychological motives which have inspired Avvacum to the struggle against Russian Orthodox Church and State Power.

The fardacho is a variety of lizard that people in the area of Peñalba (province of Huesca, Spain) used to hunt and eat. The author describes the food culture to which the eating of fardacho belonged and the reasons that caused a decrease in the number of these animals in the area. In addition, the author discusses the effects of wildlife-protecting legislation on the eating of this lizard in Peñalba. ; En este artículo se analiza el caso del fardacho, una variedad de lagarto que se cazaba y consumía en la zona de Peñalba (Huesca). En primer lugar, se describe la cultura alimentaria del fardacho y las razones que motivaron un descenso en el número de ejemplares de este animal. En segundo lugar, se analizan las consecuencias de la legislación sobre especies protegidas en el consumo de fardachos en Peñalba.

The author contends that the difference between so-called factual and counterfactual arguments is greatly exaggerated; it is one of degree, not of kind. Both arguments ultimately rest on the quality of their assumptions, the chain of logic linking causes to outcomes, and their consistency with available evidence. He critiques two recent historical works that make extensive use of counterfactuals and finds them seriously deficient in method and argument. He then reviews the criteria for counterfactual experimentation proposed by social scientists who have addressed this problem and finds many of their criteria unrealistic and overly restrictive. The methods of counterfactual experimentation need to be commensurate with the purposes for which it is used. The author discusses three uses for counterfactual arguments and thought experiments and proposes eight criteria appropriate to plausible-world counterfactuals.

In this study, the author examines how inflation and economic growth differ in more- and less-democratic regimes and in new and mature democracies. The analysis is based on a panel research design featuring annual data from a large sample of underdeveloped countries and two-way, fixed-effects regression analysis. The author's central finding is that more-democratic countries have higher inflation and slower growth than less-democratic countries. Inflation apparently is higher than more-democratic countries mainly because they have higher fiscal deficits and faster wage growth; this higher inflation marginally reduces economic growth in these countries. The author also finds that new and mature democracies do not have significantly different inflation and growth rates. The findings suggest that unrestrained political participation and the resulting demands placed on state officials undermine democratic performance.

U članku autor pokušava da izloži neke razloge zbog kojih je paradigma totalitarizma još uvek od velikog značaja u savremenim društvenim naukama. Zato se on ne slaže sa pripadnicima Milićevske neoboljševičke škole (Vladimir Ilić, Todor Kuljić itd), koji su spremni da negiraju svaki značaj paradigmi totalitarizma. Autor takođe polemiše protiv pokušaja milićevskih neoboljševika da glorifikuju Titovo političko nasleđe i 'modernizujuću' autoritarnu vlast. ; In this article the author endeavours to give some reasons why the paradigm of totalitarianism is still of considerable importance for the contemporary social sciences. Thus he disagrees with the members of the Milićian neobolshevist school (Vladimir Ilić, Todor Kuljić etc), who are eager to deny any significance to the paradigm of totalitarianism. The author also polemicizes against the attempts of Milićian neoblosheviks to glorify Tito's political legacy and 'modernizing' authoritarian government.

The author discusses significant steps in the Austrian Green Party politics including internal changes & its success in the 1999 European & parliamentary elections. The Austrian Green Party has experienced a successful recovery from its 1995 losses through obtaining good leadership & becoming more professional. The election of Alexander Van der Bellen as party speaker was perceived as a reaffirmation in the party's ideological authority. The party has gained voters by going beyond environmental politics to take stands on neutrality, membership in the European Union (EU), the Proportz system, & asylum/immigration. The author examines the results of recent elections, the party's position in current Austrian politics & concludes that the Austrian Greens offer an ecological & democratic alternative to the Social Democratic Party & People's Party domination & to the isolationist policies of the Freedom Party. 2 Tables, 5 References. L. A. Hoffman

This article analyzes the reality of some discourses published in the press whose insertion in the cultural life is arbitrary, ambiguous, & fascinating too. Starting with the works of Emile Benveniste about subjectivity within language, the author focuses on findings regarding certain phenomena linked to enunciation that were previously relegated to the use of speech. Thus, the author wonders what these findings prove? On one hand, enunciation in itself has an argumentative function. That is, an argument is meant to make a positive or negative conclusion. Moreover, such function puts an accent on the very structure of the sentence, not only because information carries argumentative value, but also because the phrase can have diverse expressions or resources that are meant to give an orientation to the argument, the enunciation, & in this way direct the addressee in a given direction. 4 References. Adapted from the source document.

In this article, the author asserts that education today is a process subordinated to important tensions &, therefore, its relationship with ethical topics cannot be unilateral. From the definition of current ethical issues, he stresses that the relation of ethics to political problems is established from the mediation of legality & justice embodied in law. The proposal offers more advantages, since it faces the moral & political problems of the global society. This concept indicates the need to integrate political answers to the evident systemic supremacy over social life all around the world. The author states that to initiate a project of radical, transgenerational democracy will require a policy of peace founded in universal juridical progress, from which will emerge a genuine interest in the study of the complex relations between ethics, education, & the international system. Adapted from the source document.