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International audience ; As part of our research bringing together didactical and sociological approaches, we studied the practices of an elementary school teacher and his underlying positions at two different periods: at the beginning of his career and eight years later, when he considered becoming a teacher educator. What emerged was a clear tendency on the part of the teacher to focus on building relationships with students more than on their learning, as evidenced by his own account of what did and did not give him satisfaction in his work. The hypothesis of such an evolution in elementary school is widely supported by both academic and government-led studies. Our interpretation is that the (increasingly ambitious) guidelines addressed to teachers remained unrelated to measures promoting real progress as regards students' learning: many teachers, when struggling in a key aspect of their overall mission, showed a tendency to invest more heavily in other aspects of their teaching practice, particularly their relationships with their students, where their professional pride was less likely to be challenged. ; Dans le cadre d'une recherche croisant des approches didactiques et sociologiques, nous avons étudié les pratiques d'un professeur des écoles et le positionnement qui les sous-tend durant deux périodes : à ses débuts et huit ans plus tard, alors qu'il envisage de devenir formateur. En ressort une nette tendance à se focaliser sur les relations avec les élèves bien plus que sur leurs apprentissages, compte tenu des difficultés et des satisfactions éprouvées de façon récurrente. L'hypothèse d'une évolution en ce sens à l'école primaire est étayée par toute une série d'autres recherches et évaluations. L'interprétation ébauchée ici est que les prescriptions (de plus en plus ambitieuses) adressées aux enseignants sont restées disjointes de mesures favorisant de réels progrès en matière d'apprentissage des élèves : beaucoup de professeurs, ainsi mis en porte à faux dans ce secteur-clé de leurs compétences, ...

1. Breaking the gender stereotypes in sports / Kari Fasting -- 2. Reflections on Muslim women and sport / Tansin Benn, Gertrud Pfister and Haifaa Jawad -- 3. Women, sport and policy / Darlene A. Kluka and Anneliese Goslin -- 4. How gender order is enacted in physical education : the French didactique research approach / Chantal Amade-Escot -- 5. Adapted physical activity : developments from an international perspective / Gudrun Doll-Tepper -- 6. Relfections and influences : this way. this explains my reality: critical race theory in sport and leisure / Kevin Hylton -- 7. Sport, exercise and health : a social science perspective / Joseph Maguire -- 8. Walk the talk? How the EU and the UN contribute to the development of holistic sport policies / Jonas Burgheim, Karen Petry and Ben Wienberg -- 9. The human capital model : realising the benefits of sport and physical activity / Richard Bailey.[et al.]. -- 10. From the creation of a concept to the globalisation of physical literacy / Margaret Whitehead and Patricia Maude -- 11. Valuing leisure practices : towards a theoretical framework / Michael McNamee.

Governments of both right and left have been introducing market logics and instruments into Australian social services in recent decades. Their stated goals include reducing costs, increasing service diversity and, in some sectors, empowering consumers. This collection presents a set of original case studies of marketisation in social services as diverse as family day care, refugee settlement, employment services in remote communities, disability support, residential aged care, housing and retirement incomes. Contributors examine how governments have designed these markets, how they work, and their outcomes, with a focus on how risks and benefits are distributed between governments, providers and service users. Their analyses show that inefficiency, low‑quality services and inequitable access are typical problems. Avoiding simplistic explanations that attribute these problems to either a few 'bad apple' service providers or an amorphous neoliberalism that is the sum of all negative developments in recent years, the collection demonstrates the diversity of market models and examines how specific market designs make social service provision susceptible to particular problems. The evidence presented in this collection suggests that Australian governments' market-making policies have produced fragile and fragmented service systems, in which the risks of rent-seeking, resource leakage and regulatory capture are high. Yet the design of social service markets and their implementation are largely under political control. Consequently, if governments choose to work with market instruments, they need to do so differently, working with principles and practices that drive up both quality and equality.

This volume brings together papers by a group of scholars, distinguished in their own right, in honour of James Brundage. The essays are organised into four sections, each corresponding to an important focus of Brundage's scholarly work. The first section explores the connection between the development of medieval legal and constitutional thought. Thomas Izbicki, Kenneth Pennington, and Charles Reid, Jr. explore various aspects of the jurisprudence of the Ius commune, while James Powell, Michael Gervers and Nicole Hamonic, Olivia Robinson, and Elizabeth Makowski examine how that jurisprudence was applied to various medieval institutions. Brian Tierney and James Muldoon conclude this section by demonstrating two important points: modern ideas of consent in the political sphere and fundamental principles of international law attributed to sixteenth century jurists like Hugo Grotius have deep roots in medieval jurisprudential thought. Patrick Zutshi, R. H. Helmholz, Peter Landau, Marjorie Chibnall, and Edward Peters have written essays that augment Brundage's work on the growth of the legal profession and how traces of a legal education began to emerge in many diverse arenas. The influence of legal thinking on marriage and sexuality was another aspect of Brundage's broad interests. In the third section Richard Kay, Charles Donahue, Jr., and Glenn Olsen explore the intersection of law and marriage and the interplay of legal thought on a central institution of Christian society. The contributions of Jonathan Riley-Smith and Robert Somerville in the fourth section round-out the volume and are devoted to Brundage's path-breaking work on medieval law and the crusading movement. The volume also includes a comprehensive bibliography of Brundage's work. ; https://scholarship.law.edu/fac_books/1093/thumbnail.jpg

Digital technologies allow unprecedented preservation and sharing of world-wide cultural heritage. Public and private players are increasingly entering the scene with mass digitisation projects that will make this possible. In Europe, legislative action has been taken to allow cultural institutions to include in their online collections copyright works whose owners are either unknown or non-locatable ("orphan works"). However, according to the Orphan Works Directive, cultural institutions must attempt to locate the owner of a work before using it. This is the so-called "diligent search" requirement. This paper provides an empirical analysis of the conditions under which a diligent search can feasibly be carried out. The United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Italy, all of which have implemented the Orphan Works Directive, have been selected as case studies. For each jurisdiction, this analysis determines what the requirements for a diligent search to locate copyright holders are, what the authoritative sources and databases to be consulted are in practice and, most importantly, to what extent these are freely accessible online. In doing so, our analysis provides insights into the two main issues affecting cultural heritage institutions: (1) how much legal certainty does the implementation provide, and (2) what is the practical burden of a diligent search. The analysis reveals that the jurisdictions have given different meanings to the term "diligent". While the UK's extensive guidance makes it unlikely that a search would not be deemed diligent, the search burden is onerous. On the other hand, Italy and especially the Netherlands have a lighter search burden, but in the absence of clear, definite guidance, the likelihood of accidental infringement by failing to meet the diligence standard is greater. In addition, all three jurisdictions have so far failed to take the accessibility of the sources into account, making the searches even more onerous than the numbers suggest at first sight. Therefore, it will be difficult for cultural institutions to clear the rights for their collections while fully complying with the requirements of the legislation. This article concludes that legislative action, official guidelines, or jurisprudence are needed to establish a different legal value of sources for a diligent search, with various degrees of optionality depending on data relevance and accessibility.

Abstract: Due to technological advances, trade politicies and society's consumption patterns, competitiveness among companies has increased considerably, requiring practices that provide a constant improvement in production indicators and product quality. In this context, the use of Toyota Production System tools, also known as Lean Manufacturing, have a fundamental role in the elimination of waste and continuous improvement of industrial production levels. Thus, this work aims to implement a standardized work routine among employees working in a market of parts in an Agricultural Machinery industry, which lacks production methods. To represent this situation, real data were used, which correspond to the needs of the assembly line, and which served as the basis for the analysis and implementation of a new work routine. The results obtained enabled the creation of a standardized work routine, which was obtained by balancing activities between operators and eliminating activities that did not add value to the product.

The development of unemployment and employment is strongly determined by labor market flows. The author uses process-generated micro data provided by the Institute for Employment Research (IAB) to analyze the cyclical behavior of worker flows in Germany. She examines central aspects of this topic in three self-contained studies: The time aggregation bias in worker flows; Unemployment dynamics conditional on structural shocks; The modeling of job findings by a matching function.

SETTING: The World Health Organization Commission on the Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) observes that building political will is central to all its recommendations, because governments respond to those who organize and show up. Since younger Canadians are less likely to vote or to organize in between elections, they are less effective at building political will than their older counterparts. This results in an age gap between SDoH research and government budget priorities. Whereas Global AgeWatch ranks Canada among the top countries for aging, UNICEF ranks Canada among the least generous OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries for the generations raising young children. INTERVENTION: A surgical intervention into the body politic. Guided by the "health political science" literature, the intervention builds a non-profit coalition to perform science-based, non-partisan democratic engagement to increase incentives for policy-makers to translate SDoH research about younger generations into government budget investments. OUTCOMES: All four national parties integrated policy recommendations from the intervention into their 2015 election platforms. Three referred to, or consulted with, the intervention during the election. The intervention coincided with all parties committing to the single largest annual increase in spending on families with children in over a decade. IMPLICATIONS: Since many population-level decisions are made in political venues, the concept of population health interventions should be broadened to include activities designed to mobilize SDoH science in the world of politics. Such interventions must engage with the power dynamics, values, interests and institutional factors that mediate the path by which science shapes government budgets.

Objective: To assess the perceptions and practices related to menstruation among adolescent girls of rural and urban schools. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at selected government as well as private schools of rural and urban areas. Adolescent girls of age group between 10-17 years who have attained menarche were enrolled in the study. Data regarding socio-demographic profile, knowledge, practices, and perception related to menstruation was obtained using a predefined questionnaire. Results: The study enrolled 350 girls from rural and 350 girls from urban schools. Maternal education was found to be higher in an urban setting as compared to the rural setting. Genital hygiene practices and usage of the sanitary pad were significantly better amongst urban girls as compared to rural girls (p<0.01). About 35% of girls in the urban setting and 26% of rural settings were mentally prepared for menarche. Most of the girls were forced to follow various types of restrictions like going to the temple, entering into the kitchen, etc during menstruation in both the settings. Conclusion: There is poor mental preparedness for menstruation before attaining menarche, poor hygienic practices, and negative perception regarding menstruation among adolescent girls. This requires educational intervention involving both young girls and their mothers.

Reflection refers to an activity or process in which our lived experience is recalled, considered, and critically evaluated. Reflective practice is an increasingly accepted methodology for professional development. Such practice develops an ability of continuous learning while creatively applying current and past experiences along with reasoning to unfamiliar events as they occur. Reflective practice helps doctors to maintain their professional competence on existing knowledge, attitude and behavior. Narrative writing, in this regard, is one of the several ways of reflective practice in which practitioners regularly write reflections about their situation, thought, and action. The reflective practice, also known as 'Narrative medicine', has been widely used in medical field. Such practice of narrative medicine can lead to produce more 'humane' doctors who can improve the treatment satisfaction in both, the doctors and patients. Hence, narrative writings can improve the treatment and increase the professional competence of the doctors.

Recent critiques of the identity literature have bemoaned the lack of clarity in conceptualizations of identity. R. W. Connell's (1987) theory of practice and Dorothy Smith's (1987, pp. 88–97) notion of "the everyday as problematic" provide the foundation for articulating the construct of identity practices. Identity practices refer to the routine actions and ways of thinking, as well as the representations of those acts and thoughts, that enable people to claim collective identities. Although identity practices mark group membership, they also signal marginality to or exclusion from other groups. This paper explores the importance of understanding identity practices at micro levels of interaction as well as macro‐level structures and dominant culture narratives. The specific empirical focus—on German Jewish immigrants who fled Nazi Germany and arrived in the United States by 1945—enables an interrogation of the meanings associated with national identity practices.

How Emotional Appeals in Political Ads Work, Ted Brader, an assistant professor of political science at the University of Michigan and faculty associate at the Institute for Social Research, provides scientific evidence regarding the conventional wisdom on the impacts of emotional appeals in political advertising. Applying this theoretical perspective to political advertisement, the author addresses the question of 'whether politicians can influence political behavior of citizens by cueing emotions in campaign advertisements' (76).

This book explores the importance of strategy and how to make it work in an environment characterised by constant change. With a specific focus on the Asia Pacific region, anticipated to become the epicentre of global economic activity, it offers insights into the optimisation of economic potential and social cohesion enabled by leaders, which is crucial to the global economy and living standards. It highlights sound foresight, strategic thinking and innovation as the critical underpinnings of successful business and provides a comprehensive guide to combining practice and theory to ensure successful strategies, from formulation to execution. The book also builds on the concepts of change, the purpose of business, foresight, strategic thinking, strategic planning and innovation to present a holistic view of how these essential elements can be integrated in practice. Combined with a special contribution by Chaly Mah, the CEO of Deloitte Asia Pacific, the book carefully balances professional and academic insights to optimally benefit its readers, and will be of interest to industry practitioners, researchers and students alike.