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The e-learning program is a new program implemented at the early childhood education level. The teacher of the main character in the application of e-learning has a dilemma in running this program. The focus of the study identified the consistency of early childhood education teachers in implementing e-learning programs during the Covid-19 pandemic. Using quantitative methods with purposive sampling technique. Data obtained through interviews (G-Form) with respondents 50 ECE teachers in the city of Surakarta. Field facts are that there is no teacher consistency in implementing e-learning programs such as the absence of daily or weekly learning plans in implementing e-learning, uncertain teaching schedules, and unsupported learning media. This shows that 80% of ECE teachers implement e-learning and 20% implement mixed learning. Teacher consistency can be improved through training provided by the government, provision of educational facilities by schools, learning innovations according to health protocols and initial motivation to teach

The present paper aims to present the significant role that the concept of governance can play in order to combine naturals resources as useful funding basis for the formation of a stable and effective welfare state model. The combination of those two different fields aims to represent the modern trends of our era as the means to solve the severe financial and economic issues caused mostly due to the malfunction of the welfare state and its public sector. European Union and Asian countries (especially China) are the main areas of interest since EU experiences a fiscal and economic crisis while China rules the area of the natural resources exploiting 97% of rare earths elements worldwide.

Introduction / Jaekyung Lee and Kenneth K. Wong -- Whole child/youth development initiatives in the Ethiopian education policy reforms and practices : lessons from the past and harnessing future intentions / Belay Tefera Kibret and Getnet Tizazu Fetene -- The status of early childhood education in South Africa : a systematic review on the alignment of policy and practice for whole child development / Nosisi N. Feza and Shakespear M. Chiphambo -- Achieving whole-child development in Nepal : navigating through equity within diversity and resource limitation in education / Prem Prasad Poudel and Tae-Hee Choi -- Education for Vietnamese youth : status, challenges and development issues in the context of new rural development / Tran Thi Thai Ha and Ngo Thi Thanh Tung -- Does the International Baccalaureate Diploma Program (IBDP) contribute to whole person development? : the rise of the IBDP in Asia and its implications for education reform / Moosung Lee, Sejin Kim, Su Yon Choi, & Jinho Kim -- Singapore's student-centered, values-driven education system : a case study of teacher professional learning / Shu-Shing Lee, Alexius Chia, Andrew Pereira, and Lee Yong Tay -- The oxymoron of Free Semester Program (FSP) in Korea : intended and unintended policy consequences for whole-person development / Daekwon Park, Sung Kyung Cho, and Kyoungjin Jang -- Fighting social inequalities at schools and whole child development approach : a challenging reconciliation in France / Nathalie Mons and Etienne Butzbach -- The long Chilean road towards an inclusive education system : from laissez-faire to state regulation and constitutional change / Javier González and Emiliana Vegas -- Re-envisioning American education reform : how and why whole community environment matters for whole child development / Jaekyung Lee and Mengchen Su -- Policy challenges and promising strategies : lessons on global efforts to advance whole child development / Kenneth K. Wong and Jaekyung Lee.

In what follows, we present a conversation with Professor Noam Chomsky on the topic of whether the business school might be a site for progressive political change. The conversation covers a number of key issues related to pedagogy, corporate social responsibility and working conditions in the contemporary business school. We hope the conversion will contribute to the ongoing discussion about the role of the business school in neoliberal societies.

PurposeThis paper aims to highlight some learning and teaching challenges in relation to universities and colleges in the Gulf region, including students' learning preferences, and cultural aspects. It explores the sequential‐global learning styles profile of undergraduate students as part of a continuous research in Information Systems Design with a particular focus on the design of Interactive Learning Systems (ILS).Design/methodology/approachThe paper examines the learning style profile of undergraduate students for a cohort of Management Information Systems at a regional university in the UAE. It uses the Index of learning styles instrument as a tool for measuring the sequential‐global learning styles dimension. Also, the paper conducts a literature review of different aspects related to current challenges facing undergraduate students in the Gulf region as well as design principles related to the interactivity of learning systems.FindingsThe results show overall equal tendency towards both the sequential and global styles, different from a previous paper conducted in UK university. The paper highlights some students' differences that should be catered for in ILS design.Originality/valueThe paper is expected to provide further insights into some of the challenges facing many students doing their undergraduate degrees as well as the importance of a carefully balanced design of ILS (balance and bend model) to cater for students' different preferences and needs. A discussion and recommendations on how these findings can be reflected on the design of ILS are provided.

This volume presents a reconsideration of the concepts of State and political power within the evolving multilateral network of cooperation and conflict. By means of an innovating research strategy, it explains state resilience within global governance while deepening the obsolescence of the traditional sovereign state concepts, including by emerging powers. Rather than considering the EU as an isolated case study, the book considers the EU as both a reference and a proactive player, which fosters a new research agenda both for comparative studies and political theory. Lastly, in view of the currently emergent, unprecedented and asymmetrical, 'multi-polar' world, it considers the need for a new research agenda on multilateralism.

Of all the countries in Latin America, Mexico has the strongest economic ties to the United States, formalized by the creation of the North American Free Trade Agreement in 1994, but this Agreement does not preclude Mexico from targeting the United States in the World Trade Organization's Dispute Settlement Mechanism. In fact, the Agreement's dispute‐settlement system encourages it to do so if the complaint at hand is to have a fair consideration. The North American Free Trade Agreement's dispute‐resolution system goes to a board containing representatives from the three‐member countries, which includes by default the complainant state and the defendant state. Therefore, even though Mexico has the closest economic relationship with the United States of the Latin American states considered in this project, it is also the most likely to target the United States in the World Trade Organization. This article focuses on how trade ties constrain Mexico's use of the Dispute Settlement Mechanism against its largest trade partner.

Organized Crime (OC) is the label given to self-perpetuating, structured groups of individuals who use violence to gain profit through criminal activities. They are now eroding State power and penetrating legitimate businesses more effectively and efficiently than any other non-state actors (such as terrorists and private military corporations). This paper explores OC's evolution in this new globalized world and calls for new research into the State's relationship with OC. The first section briefly reconstructs the genesis of the modern State in order to analyze how globalization has caused an inversion in the process of state-building which has offered new and unexpected opportunities for OC groups. The second section analyses OC power structures, highlighting the aspects which make these groups privileged partners of capitalism. The last section represents an initial attempt at elaborating a model for analyzing OC groups based on two variables drawn from the literature on industrial clusters: the degree of structurization and life cycles.

This article aims to analyze student progression in European higher education (HE) using Sweden and UK as countries of reference. It presents and problematizes common ways to measure student progression (e.g., rates of dropout, completion, and retention), distinguishing between institutional departures or system departures, and the implications of the timing of the measurement, hence focusing on early and late leavers. The article also discusses general rates of student progression in different countries and the reasons for dropping out, revealing what lies behind the dropout statistics. Finally, the article also includes a critical questioning of the interests and intentions behind the data production. The article offers an orientation among the multiple definitions and measurements of student progression in HE. It deals with the value of measurements and alternative ways of measuring student progression, and with the implications for further studies on dropout and completion rates, which are politically contested issues. ; Grusade förhoppningar eller lyckade nyorienteringar? Högskolestudenters ändrade studieplaner och avhopp inom högre utbildning 1977 – 2007

South Africa has one of the highest reported rates of youth unemployment coupled with poverty and inequality in the world. These challenges have recently been worsened by the impact of the Covid-19 crisis on the economy. Unemployment rates have remained stubbornly high in the country and have been a consistent concern for government and policymakers. In light of the South African Economic Reconstruction and Recovery Plan, the purpose of this paper is to analyse South African youth employment recovery in the post-Covid-19 economy. In particular, this paper analyses the potential role of education and training in the recovery of youth employment. Document analysis and a critical literature review were conducted to address the objective of this paper. In the research that informed this paper, firstly, a Google search was conducted to obtain relevant documents and publications on the South African Economic Reconstruction and Recovery Plan. Secondly, a comprehensive literature search across 10 scholarly databases was conducted to obtain relevant recently published articles. Documents and scholarly articles were analysed through thematic analysis. The results indicate that Covid-19 has contributed to the overall surge in job losses. However, the impact of the pandemic on youth unemployment itself is minimal, as youth unemployment was already high in the pre-Covid-19 economy. Further results show that addressing youth unemployment largely depends on economic growth. In particular, "appropriate" education and training, as part of the recovery plan, can play a key role in economic growth stimulation and job creation. These results call for collaborative efforts from different stakeholders, not only to implement programmes and policies that contribute to economic growth, but also to develop an education system that addresses the labour market needs.