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"By Corwin D. Edwards."--Acknowledgment. ; At head of title: 78th Congress, 2d session. Senate committee print. Monograph no. 1. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Die nach der Wende schrittweise eingeführten Reformen haben in einigen Bereichen des Sozialrechts, wie in der Rentenversicherung oder bei den Familienleistungen, strukturelle Änderungen mit sich gebracht. In anderen Gebieten wurden nur oberflächliche "kosmetische" Eingriffe vorgenommen. Ziel der Arbeit ist, festzustellen, welche Rolle bei der Ausarbeitung dieser Reformen die höchsten Rechtsnormen des Staates, die Verfassung und das internationale Recht, gespielt haben. Von besonderem Interesse ist die Wirkung der sozialen Grundrechte, die als Erbe des Sozialismus nach der Wende in der Verfassung erhalten blieben. Das Werk befasst sich zunächst ausführlich mit der Analyse des ungarischen Systems der sozialen Sicherheit. Zentral ist dabei die Bestimmung des Begriffes "soziale Sicherheit" und eine der Zielsetzung entsprechende Systematisierung. Es folgt, nach der Auseinandersetzung mit den relevanten Begriffen, die Untersuchung des Einflusses der höchsten Normen auf das Gesetzgebungsverfahren und auf die Rechtsprechung. Die Arbeit beinhaltet zudem einen kompakten Exkurs über das neue Grundgesetz Ungarns, das vor kurzem verabschiedet wurde

International regulatory co-operation (IRC) represents an important opportunity for countries, and in particular domestic regulators, to consider the impacts of their regulations beyond their borders, expand the evidence for decision-making, learn from the experience of their peers, and develop concerted approaches to challenges that transcend borders. This report provides the first OECD assessment of a country's IRC framework and practices. Mexico's active efforts to embrace globalisation are reflected in many aspects of its domestic policies, practices and institutions. On one hand, it has undertaken unilateral efforts to embed international considerations in its domestic rule-making through regulatory improvement disciplines and with the consideration of international standards in the drafting of technical regulations. On the other hand, the Mexican government and individual regulators also engage extensively in co-operative efforts on regulatory matters, at the bilateral, regional and multilateral level. Based on the overview of Mexico's practices and comparison with other OECD countries, the review recommends three areas for improvement: designing a horizontal government-wide strategy for IRC, enhancing information about the tools and benefits of IRC, and offering the necessary tools to support systematic implementation of IRC.

Argues that while, historically, rising powers in the political world are likely to take differing paths given the heterogeneity of this particular category, today this category consists largely of nations likely to cause instability in the near future or to provoke some crisis: identifies rising powers like Brazil, India, South Africa, Mexico, Turkey, Iran, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, & Argentina. Devotes considerable space to identifying the common characteristics of such nations. These nations are mostly Southern Hemisphere countries. Many are former colonies which pursue what is described as revisionist politics reflecting a desire for revenge due to residual feelings of humiliation. Claims their outlook feeds nationalistic passions & a confrontational mentality. Maintains that such nations look upon the Western world with a mixture of rivalry, fascination & resentment. Further adds that power is now defined differently than in the past. States that economic capacity & military might were once the criteria for power status. Insists that at present, with the rise of international firms, a global economy, power is undergoing a redefinition in terms of demographics, regional influence, & prominent roles in international organizations. Further, these new rising powers are said to have a different perception of what might be a global threat than either the European nations or the United States. They are characterized as refusing to adhere systematically to any global initiatives or goals. They are described as having fragile economies & recently constructed, often artificially constructed, nationalities with mere territorial unity often undermined by loyalties of another nature. Argues that given the lessening influence of both the U.S. with its short-term solutions & brutal interventions & the European ideal of stability, integration & cooperation, power & hegemony are less & less likely to have anything to do with democratization & the force of law. Maintains that these quasi-authoritarian regimes are often indifferent to human rights & the values of solidarity. References. R. Ruffin

Globalization and unlimited connectedness to all places in the world give us the impression that our world is growing smaller and smaller. We can get products from all over the world anytime, can easily communicate with people on the other side of the planet with just a mouse click, and travel almost anywhere within a day or two. These developments are very inspiring and open up an array of new experiences and opportunities for us, in our private lives and in international business.

In this study, owing to the global financial crisis, a Stand-By Arrangement (SBA) for the Dominican Republic was approved. The aim is to limit the procyclical policies in the short-term and discussions focused on policies necessary to ensure that the end-2011 and 2011 targets are observed. Administrative measures such as proindustria, withholding income tax, and indexation of specific tax are estimated to increase revenues. The conditional cash program ?Solidaridad? is explained. Finally, various issues under the financial program are discussed

Kenya's economy is bouncing back following multiple shocks between 2008 and 2009. The program targets a gradual reduction in the central government primary balance through tax reform and strict control of current spending to bring the debt-to-GDP ratio below 45 percent at the end of the program period. Tax policy reform will focus on the VAT, streamlining tax incentives, and eliminating loopholes. Kenya has made significant strides in domestic revenue mobilization, but redesigning the tax structure is a key priority

Economic conditions are improving in Sri Lanka, and are likely to show strong growth. The current account remains strong, and tourism arrivals are rapidly improving. Monetary conditions are stable, and the central bank's policy stance is appropriate. Reforming the board of investment will address the factors that have eroded the tax base and discouraged domestic investors. Fiscal policy adjustment is needed. Tax reform will put in place legislative changes to permanently reform tax concessions. Financial sector reform has continued in line with the program

This paper discusses the request from the Bosnia and Herzegovina authorities for a Stand-By Arrangement. The global financial and economic crisis hit Bosnia and Herzegovina when the overheating was already raising doubts about the sustainability of the economic expansion. The authorities' comprehensive financial sector strategy aims at strengthening the banking sector and improving crisis preparedness. IMF staff supports the authorities' plans to enhance the monitoring of financial stability by establishing a standing committee in charge of crisis prevention and management, and by signing a fo