Suchergebnisse

El contrabando es un fenómeno antiguo que adquiere relevancia dentro del mundo globalizado debido a los niveles comerciales alcanzados por los Estados y por las afectaciones en las variables macro y microeconómicas. En Colombia, aunque existe normativa que reglamenta los procedimientos a seguir para realizar importaciones y exportaciones (Decreto 2685 de 1999, 390 de 2016 y 349 de 2018), se encuentran distorsiones y malas prácticas que afectan el sistema generando desempleo, menor productividad empresarial, lavado de activos, corrupción, delincuencia, entre otros. Bajo este contexto, el presente artículo busca analizar el comportamiento del contrabando técnico del 2000 a 2018 y su correlación con variables como las importaciones, el desempleo, el crecimiento del Producto Interno Bruto y el tratado de libre comercio de Colombia con la Unión Europea. Los resultados sugieren que los niveles de contrabando tienden a aumentar en la medida en que el comercio internacional también lo haga y que este tiene afectaciones inmediatas en las variables económicas analizadas ; Smuggling is an old phenomenon that acquires relevance within the globalized world due to the commercial levels reached by the States and due to the effects on macro and microeconomic variables. In Colombia, although there are regulations that regulate the procedures to follow to carry out imports and exports (Decree 2685 of 1999, 390 of 2016 and 349 of 2018), there are distortions and bad practices that affect the system, generating unemployment, lower business productivity, money laundering. of assets, corruption, crime, among others. In this context, this article seeks to analyze the behavior of technical smuggling from 2000 to 2018 and its correlation with variables such as imports, unemployment, the growth of the Gross Domestic Product, and Colombia's free trade agreement with the European Union. The results suggest that the levels of smuggling tend to increase as international trade also increases and that this has immediate effects on the economic variables analyzed

Testimony issued by the Government Accountability Office with an abstract that begins "The Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (DNDO) is responsible for addressing the threat of nuclear smuggling. Radiation detection portal monitors are key elements in our national defenses against such threats. DHS has sponsored testing to develop new monitors, known as advanced spectroscopic portal (ASP) monitors, to replace radiation detection equipment currently being used at ports of entry. ASPs may offer improvements over current generation portal monitors, particularly the potential to identify as well as detect radioactive material and thereby minimize both missed threats and false alarms. However, ASPs cost significantly more than current generation portal monitors, and testing of ASPs' capabilities needs to be more objective and rigorous. Due to concerns about ASPs' cost and performance, Congress has required that the Secretary of DHS certify that ASPs will provide a significant increase in operational effectiveness before obligating funds for full-scale ASP procurement. DHS is currently testing ASPs and anticipates a decision on certification in November 2008. This testimony addresses (1) the highlights of GAO's September 2008 report on the life cycle cost estimate to deploy ASPs (GAO-08-1108R), and (2) preliminary observations from ongoing work reviewing the current program of ASP testing."

"Serial no. 109-75." ; Shipping list no.: 2006-0050-P. ; Distributed to some depository libraries in microfiche. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.

The Colombian Caribbean region has historically being characterized by the diversity, heterogeneity and geographic importance it has for business and trade. During half of the century previous to independence this territory gained a significant and strategic importance due to its geographic location to commercialize different products and as such became a center of disputes between European cities that wanted to take advantage of this location. Caribbean population by that time developed social practices and economic strategies such as smuggling and in their daily lives they had the opportunity to benefit from political and economic contexts surrounding them. ; El Caribe se ha caracterizado históricamente por su diversidad, heterogeneidad e importancia geográfica para el comercio. Durante el medio siglo que precedió a la independencia este territorio adquirió una significativa y estratégica importancia a nivel mercantil que le permitió figurar como el centro de disputas entre las metrópolis europeas. Las poblaciones del Caribe por su parte desarrollaron prácticas sociales y estrategias económicas como el contrabando que en su vida diaria les permitieron beneficiarse del contexto político y económico que les rodeaba.

AbstractA migrant's journey is no linear trajectory from A to B. It is a fragmented and complex move over different regions with alternating periods of mobility and immobility. This article researches the complex dynamics of irregular migration from Iran to the Netherlands, and everywhere in between. Through a historical comparison of the life stories of Iranian asylum seekers in the Netherlands in two time periods (1988–1989 and 2009–2010), it studies the routes they took, their relations with human smugglers, and their interactions with immigration policies and border managements along the way. It shows migrants' and smugglers' flexibility and capacity to adapt to ever-changing circumstances. Migration politics and border controls, along with their increasing limitations on legal migration channels, are indeed crucial in the understanding of irregular migration practices and the ever-growing involvement of facilitating services. Through a combination of this migration policy research and the migration trajectory research, the paper explores these dynamics and the interactions between migrants, smugglers, and state policies in every phase of their journey from Iran to the Netherlands, and everywhere in between.

Tras la caída de los regímenes comunistas y el desplome soviético en el Este de Europa, ocurrieron transformaciones trascendentales. Con el telón de fondo de las transiciones económicas, políticas y sociales, aumentó de la emigración procedente de estos países, hacia los países desarrollados de la UE. Entre los múltiples tipos de emigraciones que se realizaron a partir de los años noventa, apareció en el escenario, la cara más oscura de la inmigración irregular: el tráfico de mujeres. El artículo analiza desde una perspectiva social el fenómeno del tráfico de mujeres procedentes en Rumanía, con destino España, Comunidad de Madrid. Se analiza el contexto, la situación en el origen, la organización del tráfico y la dramática situación de las víctimas en el destino. La autora considera que a pesar de las dificultades a la hora de medir y cuantificar el tráfico de mujeres, es importante realizar la aproximación a la víctima para conocer la realidad sobre esta cara negra y oculta de la inmigración internacional. ; After the fall of the communist regimes and the Soviet collapse in the East of Europe, transcendental transformations happened. With the basic curtain of the economic transitions, political and social, the fury of the emigration coming from these countries untied, towards the developed countries of the EU. Between the multiple types of emigrations that were realised from the Nineties, within the industry of the migration, appeared in the scene, the darkest face of immigration to irregular: the traffic of women. The article analyzes from a social perspective the phenomenon of the traffic of originating women in Rumania, with Spain destiny, Community of Madrid. We analyze the situation in the origin, the organization of the traffic and the dramatic situation of the victims in the destiny. The author considers that in spite of the difficulties at the time of measuring and quantifying the traffic of women, it is important to realise the approach to the victim to know the reality on this black face and hides of international immigration.