Suchergebnisse

To determine whether the third-person effect (ie, overestimation of media influence on other people) depends on question-contrast effects (ie, self-serving comparisons triggered by back-to-back questions about media effects on self & others), survey responses from 287 U of Michigan undergraduates were analyzed regarding media coverage of President Bill Clinton's role in the Whitewater affair, Clinton's frequent policy reversals, the O. J. Simpson murder trial, & the child molestation charges against Michael Jackson. The data showed no significant effects of question order, although an interaction was found between political knowledge & question order; a negative relationship between knowledge & perceived impact on oneself emerged when the "self" question followed the "other people" question. 2 Tables, 2 Figures, 25 References. Adapted from the source document.

Assesses effectiveness of statutory, independent offices of Inspector General in oversight of intelligence activities; policy recommendations; US, Canada, Great Britain, and Australia, chiefly. The demand for accountability; the IGs' mandates, work and methods, ability to conduct work, outputs and recommendations, and relations with legislatures and other oversight agencies.

Examines failures of intelligence services, political leaders, academic experts, and others to correctly perceive, predict, or interpret events, in context of the Nov. 4, 1995 assassination of Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin. Comparison with the FBI siege of the Branch Davidian cult in Waco, Texas, and other intelligence failures in the Near East and elsewhere.

'Do Campaigns Matter?' by Thomas M. Holbrook is reviewed.

Assesses various scenarios and threat components, including unconventional military action, weapons of mass destruction, interaction with a Palestinian state, or weakening of Israel's defenses. Includes potential Iranian development of atomic, biological, or chemical weapons and means of delivery.

To determine whether an overestimation of media effects on others (ie, the third-person effect) influences one's willingness to restrict various types of communication, the relationship between perceived media effects & procensorship attitudes (regarding the media in general, violence on TV, & pornography) is examined. Analysis of survey responses (N = 133 students from a large midwestern university, unfamiliar with third-person effects theory) confirms that as the gap between perceived first- & third-person effects increases, individuals are more likely to manifest procensorship attitudes -- even when the data are controlled for a variety of potentially confounding demographic, media use, & attitudinal variables. 4 Tables, 49 References. Adapted from the source document.