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Land conversion is a change in the function of part or all of the land area from its previously determined function to another function. This study aims to determined the description of the location of land use change, to determine the factors of the occurrence of non-tourism land conversion into tourism, and to determine the impact of land conversion as a tourist area. In order to approach the problem, a reference to the theory of the struggle for urban spatial planning is used. The data were collected through interviews and literature studies which were analyzed qualitatively descriptively. The result of this study indicate that land use change has several economic and socio-cultural impacts. The economic impacts of the development of a night tourism area on the HOS Cokroaminoto road include: 1) increasing people's income; 2) employment; and 3) opening up new business opportunities for the community. In addition to the economic impact, the development of a tourist area on HOS Cokroaminoto road has socio-cultural impacts, including: 1) becoming a means of preserving traditional culture. 2) provision of business land; and 3) the layout of the city becomes beautiful and neat. The construction of the HOS Cokroaminoto road also has a negative impact, including the number of visitors who exploded during the Covid-19 pandemic and the narrowing of the road area, due to the government widening the sidewalk area.Alih fungsi lahan merupakan sebuah perubahan fungsi dari sebagian ataupun keseluruhan kawasan lahan dari fungsinya yang sebelumnya telah ditentukan menjadi fungsi lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran lokasi alih fungsi lahan, untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor terjadinya alih fungsi lahan non-pariwisata menjadi pariwisata, serta untuk mengetahui dampak alih fungsi lahan sebagai kawasan wisata. Guna mendekati masalah, digunakan acuan teori perebutan tata ruang kota. Data-data dikumpulkan melalui hasil wawancara dan studi kepustakaan yang dianalisis secara kualitatif deskripitf. Hasil penelitian ...

International audience ; In this article, we propose to map an online social movement, and more precisely the Yellow Vests movement, through different online platforms (Facebook, Twitter and YouTube) to draw its atlas. Our objective is twofold: to describe the activity of the Yellow Vests in Facebook groups in all their variety on the one hand, and to defend a methodological approach which mixes as much as possible the traces collected from different digital platforms on the other hand. The Yellow Vests Facebook groups will constitute our privileged observation post of the movement. The examination of the content of posts published on Facebook, coupled with the analysis of the numerous metadata on groups allows us to delimit the contours of the movement's claim-space and its aggregation dynamics. Exploitation of the links shared in these publications, on the other hand, give relief to our atlas, as we use them attribute political labels to Facebook groups. The political label of links is calculated according to their usage on Twitter and ideology inference using the follower-followee network. The way the Yellow Vests refer to external sources on the web – whether websites or YouTube channels – also sheds light on their relationship with the media. We rely on an existing characterization of the most used media in the digital public space to grasp their relationship to mainstream, militant media (whether right or left) or to the counter-informational space. The analysis of these practices of media use shows that the Yellow Vests build their discourse by relying largely on media and the so-called "alternative" expression platforms (auto-media, videos, live, etc.) Overall, we note a great geographic and ideological plurality, but also a heterogeneous and constantly evolving repertoire of demands. However, a form of political opposition to power unites our groups which also cultivate a rejection of the modes of representation of the movement made by the traditional media. ; Dans cet article, nous proposons de ...

The article invites the reader to contemplate what impedes further development of lan­guage science which is currently in a state of stagnation. This crisis is caused by the inade­quate meth­odology used in linguistic research. It defines the paradigm of so-called 'normal' science, which suppresses innovation. The dualistic philosophy of external realism continues to be the epistemo­logical foundation of 'normal' linguistics, and neither mainstream cognitive science nor cogni­tive linguistics has been able to break away from it. The author argues that a new, constructivist epistemology is capable of overcoming the crisis and could give a new impetus to further devel­opment of language science. This calls for abandoning the traditional view of language as a tool used for the expression and transfer of thoughts. Instead, research­ers should use a systems ap­proach to linguistic semiosis as a biological adaptation, which is the organizational basis of hu­mans as living systems at both individual and social levels. Lin­guistic semiosis is an evolution­ary stage in the development of Homo sapiens. Establishing the functional role of linguistic semiosis in systemic cognition as a socially organized living system whose unity is ensured and sustained by its circular (self-referential) organization in the relational domain of language, calls for a radical revision of the extant views on the rela­tionship between language and mind, lan­guage and cognition, and language and conscious­ness. An ecological approach to language as­sumes that the cognitive dynamics of humans as living systems consists in the adaptive interac­tional behaviour in the relational domain of linguistic interactions. This domain constitutes the ecological niche of humans as organism-environment systems. It is in this continuously self-constructed human niche that the uniquely human power to reasoning (intelligence) emerges and develops. Humanness rests in language as the creative beginning of the world in which we exist as organisms capable of speech.

The 'Feedback effect' is a phenomenon of a 'feedback', repeatedly described for discussing the oral tradition: Back in 1982, German ethnologist David Henige noted that researchers of African traditional cultures more and more often encounter the practice when they are recounted the results of the field materials of their predecessors. In all such cases, informants reproduce the works of anthropologists, but the authenticity of recorded traditions in general is beyond doubt. That is not the case with Dogon. The example of this people shows that the phenomenon of 'feedback' can not only complicate the work of anthropologists, but also contribute to the growth of ethnic and national identity. Myths borrowed from anthropological literature began to penetrate rural folklore with the development of tourism in the 1990s– 2000s. But the purposeful imposition of a united mythology 'according to Griaule' began to play a very important role in the development of ethnic and national identity. The most important role belongs here to the festivals of Ogobagnia. Thus, using the example of the Dogon, one can see a kind of a 'secondary' mythology version based on the phenomenon of feedback. The imposition of this ideology is still opposed by local traditions and local folklore, which are very different from the "Dogon mirage" introduced by intellectuals, as well as local customs and rituals, sometimes having little in common with each other; so far, the linguistic and cultural diversity of the ethno-social organism of the Dogon has resisted the pressure of these myths, but perhaps the day is not far off when not only in the Sangha, but also in Semari and Tintan, visitors will be told about Nommo and Sirius names which do not exist (sigu tolo or pô tolo), and the mythology of the Dogon will really turn into a harmonious, but artificial system.

Telehealth seems to be the new normal in this fast-changing environment. According to the European Commission eHealth was among the highest priorities before the COVID -19 pandemic. Transformation of health and care in the digital single market is among the EU`s six political priorities of the Commission 2019-2024 (2018 Communication on Digital Health and Care). The pandemic caused by COVID-19 just accelerates the necessity of the inclusion of digital health into the traditional healthcare systems. Telehealth services are among the biggest eHealth trends in EU. Therefore, one of the challenges is the national, regional and regulatory priorities regarding telehealth. There is lack of telehealth special legislative and governmental policies that needs to stimulate the developing and innovative solutions in medicine through technology and to envisage the upcoming innovation technology. Therefore, the government support and adequate policy making is important to support the development of the telehealth services. One of the main challenges is the electronic transactions of patient data among the telehealth providers and services and the cross-border patient data share. Another issue is the exchange of information among the national health institutions and providers and their interoperability. The Macedonian legislation does not have special legislation (policies, or laws) about telehealth. Telehealth is regulated as a term in the Law on health protection. Additionally, there is a lack of national acts, literature, and research in this subject matter. Thus, this paper will explore the telehealth from two main perspectives: scientific theories and legal practice and the users' practice. Hence, this paper will analyze the legislation about the telehealth on the EU level and the EU Member States and the Macedonian legislation and the impact on the e-health that was made during COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, it will make comparative analyses among different countries into the EU zone compared with the EU aspirant ...

There is an increasing evidence for the significant value and potential of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAPs) worldwide. Among other non-wood forest products, MAPs are considered a key element of sustainable forest management and economic development. As part of Mediterranean cultural heritage, these plants are a major driver of rural tourism, in many areas representing an important raw material for various bio-based industrial sectors. Besides their economic value, MAPs enhance social integration and maintain gender balance as harvesting and processing MAPs is clearly a female dominated task. Despite the prominent contribution of MAPs to local development, conservation of biodiversity and the development of the traditional Mediterranean food system, many challenges and knowledge gaps could potentially place the sector's development at risk. The aim of this work is to examine the present situation of the MAPs sector in the most productive countries around the Mediterranean and to identify future challenges and priority actions to develop the MAPs sector in the region. To do so, a supply chain analysis was performed to identify the main stakeholders involved. Various experts from Croatia, France, Greece, Spain, and Tunisia participated in the SWOT analysis and the Delphi approach employed in this study. The results highlight the main challenges facing the sector in Mediterranean countries. Five groups of challenges are identified, related mainly to certification and labelling, life quality and wellbeing, market development, research development, and transforming and processing. To overcome these challenges, a set of actions is validated by the interviewed experts with the aim of improving marketing strategies and including various innovations related to political, legal, organisational, and institutional frameworks. ; This research was developed within the framework of the project "Innovation Networks of Cork, Resins and Edibles in the Mediterranean basin"-INCREDIBLE. This project has received funding from the ...

The transformation of government and of the relationship between public administration, economic actors, and citizens has been the hallmark of public policy analysis for at least three decades. The central, guiding, and directive role of government has gradually ushered various modes of network governance in which public authorities become just one of several actors participating in the process of designing and implementing public policy. This article has two objectives. On the one hand, it seeks to make an analytical review of the transformation of governance schemes and the role public policy instruments play in these changes (Howlett, 2005). We refer to those instruments endeavoring to modifying citizen behavior from a multi-actor and less hierarchical logic over traditional government tools - treasury, organization, nodalidad, and authority (Hood, 1986). On the other hand, it aims to analyze how those changes were manifested in the strategies deployed by South American governments in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020. ; La transformación del gobierno y de las relaciones entre administración pública, actores económicos y ciudadanía, es el elemento distintivo del análisis de políticas públicas desde hace por lo menos tres décadas. El papel central, rector y directivo del gobierno fue dejando paso paulatinamente a diversas modalidades de gobernanza en red, en la cual las autoridades públicas se convierten en uno más de los actores participantes del proceso de diseño e implementación de políticas públicas. El presente artículo tiene dos objetivos: 1) hacer un recorrido analítico de la transformación de los esquemas de gobernanza y el papel que juegan, en estos cambios, los instrumentos de política pública (Howlett, 2005) -especialmente los orientados a modificar las conductas ciudadanas desde una lógica multiactor y menos jerárquica- por sobre las herramientas de gobierno tradicionales -tesoro, organización, nodalidad y autoridad- (Hood, 1986), y 2) analizar de qué manera tales cambios afectaron las ...

Hackers and their operations have changed geopolitics over the past twenty years and, at the same time, have strengthened their relationship with security. Although these attacks use different infiltration techniques and methods, they all have in common their secret execution which makes it more difficult to detect them. Most of the cases presented by Buchanan in his book "The Hacker and the State Cyber Attacks and the New Normal of Geopolitics"; explain how groups of hackers, mainly from authoritarian States, carry out espionage campaigns, bank fraud, and theft of information to private companies. In this way, the presence of the United States in the network and its continuous investment in the domain of telecommunications are justified. In this new digital sphere, the traditional conception of security is modified. The merely territorial view has been left behind and different needs such astechnological protection tools are added into the politics game and analysis. ; Los hackers y sus operaciones han modificado la geopolítica durante los últimos veinte años y al mismo tiempo han fortalecido su relación con la seguridad. A pesar de que estos ataques utilizan diferentes técnicas y métodos de infiltración, todos tienen en común su ejecución en secreto lo cual provoca mayor dificultad para detectarlas. La mayoría de los casos expuestos por Buchanan en su libro "The Hacker and the State Cyber Attacks and the New Normal of Geopolitics" explican cómo grupos de hackers, principalmente de Estados autoritarios, realizan campañas de espionaje, fraudes bancarios y robos de información a empresas privadas. De esta manera se justifica la presencia de Estados Unidos en la red y su continua inversión en el dominio de las telecomunicaciones. En este nuevo plano digital se modifica la concepción tradicional de seguridad dejando atrás la visión exclusivamente territorial y se agregan necesidades en la política como las herramientas tecnológicas de protección para los países y las empresas privadas, es decir, una nueva ...

The article analyses the global social risks related to the expansion of information technologies, mass digitalisation, and the accessibility of sources of all information. The possibility of risky situations arising in different areas of society under postmodern conditions has been demonstrated. This is due to the massive spread of information and Internet technology, global changes in the structure of values of modern society, and the reassessment of a number of historical events and characters by some social groups. The focus is on the destruction of traditional mechanisms for transmitting social experience and memory and the transformation of perceptions of history through the use of virtual forms of communication. A different, own interpretation of historical events, the liberation of historical knowledge from politicisation and mythologisation can lead to risks of distortion of historical memory and even to conflicting situations of interpretation of the past. Case studies show that this, in turn, can lead to a set of risks in the economic sphere, for example: the risk of a situation of global redistribution of economic resources, the risk of losing the source of legitimacy of an economic resource, the risk of loss the reputation of a memory entity. These processes negatively affect social stability in society and distort the integrity of historical memory.Particular attention is paid to the topic of cognitive transformation risk related to the mass use of virtual media in the educational process. On the one hand, they are an effective teaching tool based on rapid search, transformation and storage of learning information. But, on the other hand, practice shows that knowledge loses its consistency and becomes "mosaic", "clichéd". The consequences of these processes are of a lasting nature and require further in-depth study by the scientific community, including psychologists, educators, and sociologists. ; В статье проанализированы глобальные социальные риски, связанные с распространением информационных ...

In September 2013, Pavlos Fyssas, a known musician and antifascist, was fatally stabbed by a Golden Dawn member. His death led to the arrest of the party's leadership and the commencement of a trial which lasted almost 5.5 years and came to a close on October 7th 2020, adjudging the party's leadership to be guilty of running a criminal organisation. The trial of Golden Dawn effectively brought about the end of the Neo-Nazi political party - once Greece's third most popular party. Being branded as the biggest trial of Nazi criminality since the Nuremberg Trial, it also became a landmark in international modern history. Despite that, the trial received a disproportionate amount of coverage in proportion to its significance. The aforementioned come in contrast to mainstream medias' earlier stance towards Golden Dawn, especially in the years from 2010 to 2013, when despite the party's clearly aggressive ideology, rhetoric and activities, it received unprecedented media coverage that facilitated its legitimization. Existing research has shed light to the party's relationship with and representation in the Greek mass media, however, no study has so far been preoccupied with media coverage of Golden Dawn's trial. Examining a total of 257 articles published in three daily newspapers of political standpoints along the left-right spectrum of political opinion in Greece, this study investigates how the mainstream, traditional press managed the coverage of the trial's culmination. Utilising frame analysis, the reconstructed sets of frames were critically analysed to uncover how the press framed the trial,the range of opinions represented through the publications, and its contribution to public debates around the Far-Right in Greece. Founded on an identified gap in the pre-existing research, this study offers a better understanding of the way in which mass media depict major events in society and in doing so it makes a timely contribution in the study of the Far-Right in Greece. ; Publisher PDF ; Peer reviewed

The purpose of the study is to cover the daily life of scientific and pedagogical intelligentsia of the Izmail region in the postwar decade on the example of the Izmail State University of Humanities (since 1944 - Belgorod-Dniester Teachers 'Institute, since 1951 - Izmail Teachers' Institute). The analysis proofs that in the postwar decade the urgent need of the school was to provide qualified scientific and pedagogical staff. The number of departments and teachers gradually increased, however, the level of qualification of teachers was low, most did not have scientific degrees and academic titles, especially Heads of departments. In the postwar period, the leadership of the school paid great attention to ideological guidelines and propaganda of Marxist-Leninist doctrines, decisions of the Party and government, the formation and promotion of the Soviet way of life. The financial situation of the scientific and pedagogical staff of the Izmail Teachers' Training Institute in the post-war period, which reflected the level of economic development and public policy towards this group of people, was difficult and miserable. Wages did not meet the required standard of living, food supply was unsatisfactory, but the card system in some way maintained their subsistence level. The housing problem was extremely acute. A characteristic feature of the daily life of teachers was their involvement in political, propaganda and educational activities, defense, patriotic and sports competitions, sports games, various types of procurement and agricultural work. The system of moral values of scientific and pedagogical workers during the first postwar years was determined by Stalin's totalitarian regime, characterized by ideological campaigns, repression, intolerance of dissent and pluralism of ideas that killed intellectual and creative initiative, any incentives for individuality. The manifestation of the weakening of traditional moral and ethical norms among the scientific and pedagogical staff was bribery and corruption, ...

This study projects different dependency ratios under various scenarios of future fertility and tertiary education in Finland to assess how the economic consequences of population aging depend on these trends. Applying a multidimensional demographic approach through a discrete-time microsimulation model, we project the newly introduced productivity-weighted labour force dependency ratio for Finnish scenarios until 2060 and compared it with the labour force dependency ratio and the traditional age dependency ratio. Results show that population aging looks less daunting when considering labour force dependency ratios as compared to purely age-based ratios, yet all measures and scenarios show a deterioration of the dependency ratio. While the old age dependency ratio is projected to increase by 73 per cent, the labour force dependency ratio would increase by 32 per cent, and the productivity weighted labour force dependency ratio by 28 per cent. Provided a more rapid increase in educational attainment, the last indicator is expected to increase less, with 21 per cent until 2060. Should the stalled trend in educational achievement of the 2010s continue, there would be very modest future gains in the productivity-weighted ratio. In other words, the consequences of population ageing look less dramatic for economic productivity, were Finnish men to become as educated as Finnish women. Of the three fertility scenarios considered, a total fertility rate of 2.0 is most advantageous and a low fertility of 1.2 least optimal for adult dependency ratios, but only after 2050. Interestingly, a combination of recovered fertility to 1.6 with a more rapid educational expansion would be better for productivity than only raising fertility to 2.0. Boosting educational levels would hence mitigate the negative effects of a shrinking labour force more than increasing fertility within reasonable bounds. Our results suggest that implementation of the current government goals for educational expansion, combined with a not unrealistic ...

La presente investigación analiza los aspectos recogidos en el Documento Marco: Estatuto del Artista, Autor/Creador y Trabajador de la Cultura (2017). Dicho documento, creado tras un exhaustivo análisis de la práctica de las labores artísticas, tuvo como propósito principal recoger y comunicar las necesidades normativas que presentaba el sector cultural, haciéndolas llegar a la Subcomisión para la elaboración de un Estatuto del Artista creada en ese mismo año en el Congreso de los Diputados. Así, el documento expone cincuenta medidas de índole terminológica, fiscal, laboral, educativa, sindical, legal y buenas prácticas, aglutinando algunas de las demandas tradicionales del sector artístico a fin de paliar la precaria realidad que le rodea. Estas medidas son analizadas en la presente investigación, aportando una reflexión crítica y actualizada, así como un análisis del recorrido del marco normativo desde su publicación hasta la actualidad. AbstractThis research explores the different aspects of Documento Marco: Estatuto del Artista, Autor/Creador y Trabajador de la Cultura (2017). This Framework Document, created after an exhaustive analysis of the practice of artistic work, had as its main purpose to collect and communicate the regulations which are needed by de cultural sector. The document was present to Subcomisión para la elaboración de un Estatuto del Artista, which was commissioned by the Spanish Parliament. The text proposes fifty different measures about some legal issues like terminology, taxation and unions as well as good practices and education. The main target was to bring some of the traditional demands of the artistic sector in order to finish with the job insecurity and financial vulnerability of the artistic sector. This work analyses both the proposed measures and the path that was led after its publication, as well as providing a critical and updated reflection.

Traditional archival praxis oftentimes depicts thearchival donor as an observer and recipient of services or benefits. One that can either comply with the rules andexpectations set forth by the archivist and archival institution when donating their materials or walk away from the process and opportunity. Despite the historic role of donor contributions in the form of archival donations, donors and their needsremain overlooked in much of the archival literature. Instead, current archival paradigms tend tofocus more on the archival materials more so than the people behind them. But what if donorsand archivists could reimagine their relationship and the ethical obligations associated with this bond? This article applies Michelle Caswell and Marika Cifor's archival theory of radical empathycombined with the theoretical framework of political consciousness as set forth by Blackfeminism. Using these frameworks, the research study uses a mixed method approach thatincludes a literature review of relationships in the archival field and a qualitative conventionalcontent analysis of collected interview data from the donor case study of living music artistdonors. As archivists seek to improve collection development and acquisition practices more attention must be placed on the care, affirmation, and wellbeing of the archival donor.Through collaboration with donors, archivists can strengthen archival practices by centeringpeople and not just the things. By combining an ethics of care which introduces "a web ofmutual affective responsibility" alongside the construction of a donor political consciousness,this article shows how donor participation contributes and strengthen archival practices thatcenter people and not just things. The article and findings offer a distinct pathway to better understand the challenges, limitations, and possibilities of donor relationships and the benefitsof donors recognizing the importance of active participation and understanding of their role inthe archival process. Pre-print first published ...

This review article has been elaborated with the purpose of defining the relevant aspects of political communication in the construction of the image of electoral candidates from the web 2.0. Methodologically, it is based on the review of digital literature recorded by means of the technique of the fiching and systematization of the information, using as an exploratory research instrument approximately forty syncretic files, emphasizing the summary, paraphrasing and comparison of the sources. The conclusions point out the role of the media in the formation of citizens' perception of political actors and organizations. Communication is a strategic tool aimed at influencing the behavior of citizens, causing familiarity and credibility towards the political actor through strategies of different content, approach and technology. And in the specific case of social networks, they have become an attractive showcase for the exposure of candidates, minimizing traditional media in some cases. Public opinion no longer derives solely from media agendas, since the opinions of the public through 2.0 systems build the "public agenda", from its horizontality, proximity and accessibility. ; El presente artículo de revisión ha sido elaborado con el propósito de definir los aspectos relevantes de la comunicación política en la construcción de la imagen de los candidatos electorales desde la web 2.0. Metodológicamente se basa en la revisión de literatura digital registrada mediante la técnica del fichaje y la sistematización de la información, utilizándose como instrumento de investigación exploratoria aproximadamente cuarenta fichas sincréticas, enfatizándose en el resumen, paráfrasis y comparación de las fuentes. Las conclusiones advierten el rol de los medios de comunicación en la formación de la percepción de los ciudadanos respecto a los actores y organizaciones políticas. La comunicación se constituye en una herramienta estratégica orientada a influenciar en el comportamiento de los ciudadanos, provocando familiaridad y ...