Suchergebnisse

Explains how and why the banking accord was reached. Incorporates several themes that are prominent in the literature on international political economy. Focuses on the role of market forces, consensual knowledge, and state power in bringing the banking accord to fruition. (SJO)

Introduces a special journal issue, "The Construction and Cumulation of Knowledge in International Relations." Constructivism & positivism are brought together despite their antithetical epistemic positions to demonstrate the direction that inquiry using various assumptions has gone in terms of analyzing international relations. Contributions are reviewed as part of three broad areas: knowledge construction, knowledge cumulation, & policy applications. 17 References. J. Zendejas

Carl Schmitt's critique of liberalism has gained increasing influence in the last few decades. This article focuses on Schmitt's analysis of international law in The Nomos of the Earth, in order to uncover the reasons for his appeal as a critic not only of liberalism but of American hegemonic aspirations as well. Schmitt saw the international legal order that developed after World War I, and particularly the "criminalization of aggressive war," as a smokescreen to hide U.S. aspirations to world dominance. By focusing on Schmitt's critique of Kant's concept of the "unjust enemy," the article shows the limits of Schmitt's views and concludes that Schmitt, as well as left critics of U.S. hegemony, misconstrue the relation between international law and democratic sovereignty as a model of top–down domination. As conflictual as the relationship between international norms and democratic sovereignty can be at times, this needs to be interpreted as one of mediation and not domination.

In der vorliegenden Studie "Die Besteuerung gemeinnütziger Organisationen im internationalen Vergleich" wird in einem internationalen Vergleich dargelegt, wie die Besteuerung der gemeinnützigen Organisationen in den anderen EU-Ländern sowie Japan und den USA geregelt ist. Insbesondere werden in diesem Zusammenhang die jeweiligen Ertrags-, Umsatz-, Erbschafts- und Schenkungssteuervorschriften dokumentiert und vergleichend dargestellt. Auf der Basis der ausgeführten Vorschriften lassen sich unter Umständen positive Anregungen für die Umgestaltung der steuerlichen Regelungen hierzulande finden, die zu einer Stärkung des bürgerlichen Engagements führt und die Leistungsfähigkeit der entsprechenden Organisationen fördert.

An examination of the inherent tension between competing visions of what constitutes justice argues that the current context of globalization exacerbates this tension because justice claims of nonstate actors increasingly conflict with authoritative practices & institutions that are mostly statist. Normative international theory is used to reformulate E. H. Carr's ideas about the failure of international organization in, The Twenty Years' Crisis (1939), by juxtaposing two contemporary paradigms of global governance based on contrasting "statist" & "poststatist" visions of justice. Statist models are seen as far more closed to the justice motives of political actors, especially nonstate actors, than poststatist governance models. It is maintained that the only way for international organizations to realize legitimacy & success is to find an effective balance between the justice claims of various political agents & deeply entrenched authoritative practices. This balance is best achieved through global political reform based on democratic principles of political accountability across states & societies. Difficulties involved in striking the right balance between two conflicting elements of justice are explored. J. Lineroth

Introduction -- The right to personal self-defense as a general principle of law -- A human right to self-defense? -- Defensive force by law enforcement agents -- Personal self-defense in military-led operations -- Human rights standards for self-defense between private persons -- Self-defense against the state - resistance against human rights violations -- The right to personal self-defense in a rechtsstaat - final reflections