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Healers on the Colonial Market is one of the few studies on the Dutch East Indies from a postcolonial perspective. It provides an enthralling addition to research on both the history of the Dutch East Indies and the history of colonial medicine. This book will be of interest to historians, historians of science and medicine, and anthropologists. How successful were the two medical training programmes established in Jakarta by the colonial government in 1851? One was a medical school for Javanese boys, and the other a school for midwives for Javanese girls, and the graduates were supposed to replace native healers, the dukun. However, the indigenous population was not prepared to use the services of these doctors and midwives. Native doctors did in fact prove useful as vaccinators and assistant doctors, but the school for midwives was closed in 1875. Even though there were many horror stories of mistakes made during dukun-assisted deliveries, the school was not reopened, and instead a handful of girls received practical training from European physicians. Under the Ethical Policy there was more attention for the welfare of the indigenous population and the need for doctors increased. More native boys received medical training and went to work as general practitioners. Nevertheless, not everybody accepted these native doctors as the colleagues of European physicians.

"Responsible Conduct of Research provides an overview of ethical, legal, and social issues in scientific research for science students, trainees and professional scientists. Written by two leading scholars in the field of research ethics, one with a background in natural science and the other with a background in philosophy and law, the book incorporates insights from these diverse disciplines throughout the text. The book provides in-depth analyses of a wide array of topics, including ethical theory and decision-making, misconduct, questionable research practices, research record-keeping, data sharing, data auditing, reproducibility, authorship, publication, peer review, intellectual property, conflict of interest, mentoring, safe research environment, animal experimentation, research with human subjects, and social responsibility. The book also includes interesting case studies and provocative questions at the end of each chapter that can serve as a basis for further analysis and discussion. The concluding chapter of the book describes some steps that researchers, institutional officials, government agencies, and scientific organizations can take to promote ethical conduct in scientific research. The 4th edition of Responsible Conduct of Research includes updated references and discussions of new and evolving topics, such as digital image manipulation, self-plagiarism, retractions, publication on pre-print servers, harassment, research with human biological samples, revisions to the Common Rule for research with human subjects, dual use research, the COVID-19 pandemic, providing science advise, and interactions with the media"--

"Social science is the science of human interaction. In recent years, behavioral studies, which attempt to interpret human relations in empirically specifiable, if not quantitative terms, have been fruitful, especially in defining concepts such as influence and power. Felix Oppenheim in this book extends the behavioral analysis of power to the key concept of freedom. He uncovers in the process significant connections among influence, control, power, "un-freedom," freedom, dependence, and independence. Like power, freedom is a matter of degree, and Mr. Oppenheim analyzes it in its several dimensions. He distinguishes freedom in the social sense from other empirical meanings, such as freedom of choice, "free will," free actions, and self-determination, as well as from valuational usages of the word, such as "freedom from want" and "government by consent." Indeed, those who proclaim "freedom" as a supreme political goal are often mistaken about their own valuations, or exploit to their own advantage ambiguous notions of freedom held by others. Mr. Oppenheim employs familiar political doctrines to illustrate the confusion stemming from failure to make these distinctions. In his conclusion, which is an inquiry into the meaning of valuing freedom, Mr. Oppenheim carefully avoids propounding value judgments. Though this is an analytic study, Mr. Oppenheim has written it in lucid, non-technical language. It should appeal to readers in many fields--philosophy, political science, sociology, psychology, economics, and law"--Jacket. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved).

Empirical testing of competing theories lies at the heart of social science research. We demonstrate that a well-known class of statistical models, called finite mixture models, provides an effective way of rival theory testing. In the proposed framework, each observation is assumed to be generated either from a statistical model implied by one of the competing theories or more generally from a weighted combination of multiple statistical models under consideration. Researchers can then estimate the probability that a specific observation is consistent with each rival theory. By modeling this probability with covariates, one can also explore the conditions under which a particular theory applies.We discuss a principled way to identify a list of observations that are statistically significantly consistent with each theory and propose measures of the overall performance of each competing theory. We illustrate the relative advantages of our method over existing methods through empirical and simulation studies. Adapted from the source document.

Best-worst scaling (BWS) is an extension of the method of paired comparison to multiple choices that asks participants to choose both the most and the least attractive options or features from a set of choices. It is an increasingly popular way for academics and practitioners in social science, business, and other disciplines to study and model choice. This book provides an authoritative and systematic treatment of best-worst scaling, introducing readers to the theory and methods for three broad classes of applications. It uses a variety of case studies to illustrate simple but reliable ways to design, implement, apply, and analyze choice data in specific contexts, and showcases the wide range of potential applications across many different disciplines. Best-worst scaling avoids many rating scale problems and will appeal to those wanting to measure subjective quantities with known measurement properties that can be easily interpreted and applied

Corruption is a political problem; hence its analysis relies on conceptual categories of political science, and all social sciences. Political science´s contributions to research on the phenomenon of corruption are established in the typology that best adapts to its latest evolutions and allow us to understand it beyond the traditional public / private distinction, nowadays obsolete. Through a comparative analysis carried out with case studies for Chile and Colombia, readers will be able to acquire a comprehensive vision of the phenomenon of corruption in Latin America. Additionally, we will evaluate transparency policies in these countries from a citizen and cultural change point of view. ; En este artículo se estudia la corrupción como un problema político cuyo análisis se debe realizar acorde a las categorías conceptuales de la ciencia política y de todas las áreas de las ciencias sociales. Los aportes de la ciencia política a la investigación sobre el fenómeno de la corrupción se establecen en la tipología que mejor se adapta a sus últimas evoluciones y permiten comprenderlo más allá de la tradicional distinción público/privado, hoy en día obsoleta. A través de un análisis comparativo realizado con estudios de caso en la materia para Chile y Colombia, los lectores podrán adquirir una visión integral del fenómeno de la corrupción en Latinoamérica. Así mismo, evaluaremos las políticas de transparencia en estos países, desde un enfoque ciudadano y de cambio cultural.

AbstractIn this study, it will be explained about several matters relating to the actions of the government in its capacity as a body that has the authority as a supervisor, especially in the event of a disaster emergency. In this study regarding government oversight also has several objectives. Studies on disaster management are no longer considered to be the domination of the exact science of concentration, but rather to physical development as a means of disaster management. [1]On the other hand, the discussion this time has also spread or spread to other branches of social science such as sociology and anthropology. When we discuss aspects of disaster management from the perspective of social science it will be more inclined or lead to a behavioralism framework than an individual or someone in translating a disaster which later will also be a factor where the government can determine attitudes related to how to behave or take appropriate supervisory action. . The research method used is descriptive qualitative. Whereas information or supporting data will be taken from various sources both in legal factors and related journals and data collected by observing, documenting and searching for reliable sources.Keywords : Authority, authority, supervisor, disaster management.[1] Wasisto Raharjo Jati, "Analysis of Disaster Management Based on Cultural Theory Perspectives", Gadjah Mada University Journal of FISIPOL Department of Politics and Government, Volume 4 No. 4, June 2013.

To acknowledge how public administration theory is constructed, the relationship between theory and research has to be addressed. This relationship is reciprocal because theory is developed to interpret and explain scientific research and, on the other hand, scientific research is conducted to test theory. Thus, the role of research is to test these hypotheses in order to refute or confirm them or to gather data, then build theory from the ground up. Scientific attempts aim to expand our understanding and knowledge about a particular situation which in turn leads to facilitating prediction and then controlling behavior (Miner, 2005). Public administration theory is not far from the previous perspective which is about the relationship between theory and scientific research. However, it has to be said that public administration is a unique discipline since it is affected by other disciplines such as political science, business administration and social science. Therefore, the evolution of the field of public administration is intertwined with not only the evolution of public administration research but also social, management and organizational research. Denhardet (2008) points out that public administration has been viewed as a part of governmental process and that makes a theory of public organization related to studies in political science. He also states that public organizations have been considered as similar to their counterparts, private organizations and, accordingly, the public organizational theory is mostly influenced by theory of organization.

This dissertation presents a case study the Learning in Networked Communities (LiNC) project. The focus of the study is on the social processes involved in the development and deployment of technologies associated with the LiNC project. These processes involved the work of university investigators, software developers, teachers and other researchers. The technologies that were developed and deployed were collaborative computer network-based software tools for use in several local high school and middle school science classrooms. I discuss methodological implications for the study of the social construction of technology in the field of Science and Technology Studies in regards to my methodological approach to the study of this project. I describe the political context of surrounding the National Science Foundation and the funding of research and development programs related to the Internet. I trace the historical infrastructure development of Internet technologies especially as they relate to the technology developed in the LiNC project. I describe the execution of the main grant that funded the LiNC project, the methods employed in that study, and the activities of researchers, teachers, and students focusing on their perspectives, interactions, and understandings of the events of that period of time. Finally, I draw conclusions about such study of technological development, university research, teaching, the field of Human-Computer Interaction, and the prospects for future research in these areas. ; Ph. D.

Analysis of the dynamic properties of two or more interrelated systems is a recurrent problem in social science theory. A particular problem frequently arises (although it often goes unrecognized) in assessing the validity of an analysis of a system, some variables of which are causally related to other variables, which latter, in turn, are either not explicitly taken into account or are assumed constant. Examples are easy to find: economists may study the behavior of a single country's economy with only secondary regard for the rest of the world; studies of group behavior may pay only secondary attention to the other roles played by the group members in other contexts; two more examples are worked out below and others may be found in the works about to be cited. Indeed, in a larger sense, the division of social science itself (or of natural science, for that matter) into separate disciplines is an example, for the variables taken as given by one discipline are the very subject matter of another and vice versa. In all these examples, the very real problem is present that if variables taken as given are causally affected by the variables of the system being analyzed, or if variables assumed not to affect that system actually do affect it, the results of the analysis may have little relevance for the study of real problems.

Native Americans in the United States, similar to other indigenous people, created political, economic, and social movements to meet and adjust to major changes that impacted their cultures. For centuries, Native Americans dealt with the onslaught of non-Indian land claims, the appropriation of their homelands, and the destruction of their ways of life. Through various movements, Native Americans accepted, rejected, or accommodated themselves to the nontraditional worldviews of the colonizers and their policies. The Historical Dictionary of Native American Movements is designed to provide a useful reference for students and scholars to consult on topics dealing with key movements, organizations, leadership strategies, and the major issues these groups confronted.Historical Dictionary of Native American Movements, Third Edition contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 300 cross-referenced entries on Native Americans. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Native Americans

"This book presents a transdisciplinary and transnational challenge to the enduring coloniality of political concepts, discussing the need to decolonise both their theoretical constructions as well as their substantive translations into practices. Despite the acclaimed 20th century decolonisation waves, coloniality still remains in subtle and obvious practices, in visible and invisible mechanisms of power, in the privileging of certain knowledges and the dismissing of others. Decolonising Political Concepts critically addresses the role political concepts play in the continuing legacies of colonialism and ongoing coloniality. This book, building on postcolonial and decolonial thinkers and ideas, demonstrates how concepts may be used as oppressing political and epistemological tools. By presenting efforts to decolonise political concepts, the book signals the potential for genuinely postcolonial academic and political contexts. Bringing together scholars from different disciplines and engaging with a wide array of geographical contexts, the chapters examine concepts such as agency, violence, freedom, or sovereignty. This book enables readers to critically engage with concepts used in political discourse and allows them to reflect on their impact and alternatives. It will appeal to graduate students and scholars from international relations, social sciences, or philosophy, as well as to socio-political actors engaged in decolonisation agendas"--

'Die Einleitung zu diesem Band diskutiert die Annäherungen an ein interdisziplinäres Forschungsfeld, welches die historische Demographie einnimmt, wenn sie sich mit Geschwisterbeziehungen und innerfamilärer Unterstützung auseinandersetzt. Demographie wird definiert als die am radikalsten quantitative von allen Sozialwissenschaften, während die Geschichtswissenschaft, die gerade eine kulturelle Wende erlebte, nun nur wenig Raum für quantitative Methoden bietet. Die eigentliche Herausforderung durch Interdisziplinarität entsteht jedoch nicht durch die Varianz in Methoden, unter denen Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften oft leiden und manchmal profitieren, sondern durch die Behandlung zusammen mit Evolutionsbiologie. Sowohl alte und mittelalterliche Geschichte, Ethnologie als auch moderne Sozialgeschichte sind interessiert daran, die Handlungsweisen von den Menschen zu verstehen, die sich untersuchen. Für Biologen sind diese Verhaltensweisen Stellvertreter für genetisches Material, das über eine sehr lange Zeitspanne erworben wurde. Wenn wir deren Arbeiten zur Kenntnis nehmen, sollten wir deshalb diese fundamentalen Unterschiede der kognitiven Interessen beachten.' (Autorenreferat)

Economics is widely regarded as a social science. In this ground-breaking new study, Paul Fudulu crosses the divide between natural and social science to introduce a new theory of natural economic science, based on one of the most important causal laws of physics: the entropic degradation of the universe

Economics is widely regarded as a social science. In this ground-breaking new study, Paul Fudulu crosses the divide between natural and social science to introduce a new theory of natural economic science, based on one of the most important causal laws of physics: the entropic degradation of the universe.