Suchergebnisse

The publication in 1869 of Mill's Subjection of Women gave rise to philosophical and political responses beyond Western Europe on the relationship between Westernization and women's rights in developing, colonial, and post-colonial countries. Through the first comparative study of the Subjection of Women alongside the forewords to six of its earliest non–Western European editions, we explore how this book provoked local intellectuals in Russia, Chile, and India to engage its liberal utilitarian, imperial, Orientalist, and feminist ideas. By showing how Mill's Western European biases and instrumental reasoning establish problematic rhetorical models for women's rights arguments, we are able to explore the ethical dimensions of women's rights issues in the context of cultural and political imperialism. Most importantly, this reception history illustrates how cross-cultural and culturally sensitive dialogue on women's rights can push us beyond Western bias and imperialism in advocating for the end of women's subjection around the globe.

Woman image always changes with the time. This changes happen because of the time and the community itself. Image of traditional woman and image of modern woman are different because of some issue. Traditional woman always stays at home and take care of her family, while modern woman do an outdoor activity more, and goes to work. To describe about woman image deeply we need to look after the inner and outer of a woman itself. The method that used in this study is dialectic method analysis data. The theory that used in this study is feminist critics by Djajanegara, theory of woman image by Sugihastuti, and theory of self image by Burn. This research result, show some image of modern woman that reflect on the short stories, that image is depend on mentally and physical aspect of the woman figure. The physical image are (1) Japanese woman are wear modern clothes for everyday needed, (2) always take care of their appearance, (3) use a modern hair cut, (4) wear a modern accessories and (5) wear a modern make up style. The mentally image are (1) modern woman is confident, (2) modern woman is brave to show their opinion, (3) modern woman give priority to career, (4) modern woman brave to take a decision, and (5) modern image is well educated. All of those images are made by current condition in the community. Those social conditions are (1) industry and labor, (2) economy prosperity, (3) the change of value, and (4) the government regulation.

This essay assesses the compatibility of Eva Kittay's dependency critique with Rawlsian political liberalism. I argue for the inclusion of a modified version of Kittay's revisions within Rawlsian theory in order to yield a theory that supports much of dependency work. Beyond these selected changes, however, I argue that Kittay's other proposed changes should not be included because they are incompatible with Rawls, and furthermore, their incorporation does not yield a theory that includes utter dependents.

Summary. This article analyses the event called Abya Yala Square, held at the 34th National Meeting of Women in La Plata, Argentina in 2019. The analysis is based on the theoretical framework of decoloniality and on the criticism raised by Latin American feminists of the notion of intersectionality. On the basis of the most salient features of this activity, which brought together a large number of feminised and dissident bodies and subjectivities the main statements made there were recovered. This event is analysed as a form of articulation between multi-country feminisms, popular indigenous feminisms and dissident feminisms as a dissident feminist coalition, decolonising and decolonising. The study concludes that Abya Yala Square was the political scene for the emergence of critical translocal/global feminist dissident awareness, decoloniser and despatriarchising. ; Resumen Este artículo analiza el evento denominado plaza de Abya Yala, realizado en el marco del 34° Encuentro Nacional de Mujeres, en la ciudad de La Plata, Argentina en 2019. El análisis se basa en el marco teórico de la descolonialidad y en la crítica planteada por las feministas latinoamericanas a la noción de interseccionalidad. A partir de las características más sobresalientes de dicha actividad –que congregó gran cantidad de corporalidades y subjetividades feminizadas y disidentes– se recuperan las principales enunciaciones que allí tuvieron lugar. Este evento es analizado como una forma de articulación entre los feminismos de carácter plurinacional, indígenas populares y los feminismos disidentes en clave de coalición feminista disidente despatriarcalizadora y descolonizadora. El estudio concluye que la plaza de Abya Yala constituyó el escenario político para el surgimiento de una conciencia crítica de carácter translocal/global feminista disidente, descolonizadora y despatriarcalizadora.

A powerful account of violence against Black women and girls in the United States and their fight for liberation. America, Goddam explores the combined force of anti-Blackness, misogyny, patriarchy, and capitalism in the lives of Black women and girls in the United States today. Through personal accounts and hard-hitting analysis, Black feminist historian Treva B. Lindsey starkly assesses the forms and legacies of violence against Black women and girls, as well as their demands for justice for themselves and their communities. America, Goddam powerfully demonstrates that the struggle for justice begins with reckoning with the pervasiveness of violence against Black women and girls in the United States. Combining history, theory, and memoir, America, Goddam renders visible the gender dynamics of anti-Black violence. Black women and girls occupy a unique status of vulnerability to harm and death, while the circumstances and traumas of this violence go underreported and understudied. Lindsey also shows that the sanctity of life and liberty for Black men has been a galvanizing rallying cry within Black freedom movements. But Black women—who have been both victims of anti-Black violence as well as frontline participants in it, and quite often architects of these freedom movements—are rarely the focus. Black women have led movements demanding justice for Breonna Taylor, Sandra Bland, Toyin Salau, Riah Milton, Aiyana Stanley-Jones, and countless other Black women and girls whose lives have been curtailed by numerous forms of violence. Across generations and centuries, their refusal to remain silent about violence against them led many to envisioning and building toward Black liberation through organizing and radical politics. Echoing the energy of Nina Simone's searing protest song that inspired the title, America, Goddam is a call to action in our collective journey toward just futures

The income gap within the United States continues to widen. Simultaneously, neoliberalism is beginning to crumble, as the poor continue to suffer under exploitative conditions. The concept of othering will be analyzed through the analysis of other scholarly work. To understand neoliberal action of othering through the tenant it carries of responsibilization. The act of responsibilization creates competition within surviving communities allowing for the further widening opportunities for income disparities without systems for accountability. Utilizing feminist contemporary thought and self-reflexivity, a mixed-method approach facilitates the understanding of othering that occurs in neoliberalist influenced institutions. Using historical accounts, this research will look at othering through the lens of African American women and their encounters with discrimination. Grassroots movements are explored as a solution to resisting the othering that happens in neoliberal societies. Finally, this essay opens the discussion to understand one's own identities to understand income inequality and its connection to its widening gap.

Auseinandersetzungen mit dem Islam prägen seit einigen Jahren politische und mediale De-batten um Multikulturalismus und Integration in westeuropäischen Einwanderungsgesell-schaften. Der Rekurs auf das christliche Abendland , der Entwurf einer Leitkultur und die Verteidigung der Festung Europa sind im Zuge dessen oft genannte Stichworte. Gegenstand dieser Debatten ist jedoch nicht ausschließlich die Ausgrenzung des Islam und von MuslimIn-nen: Die Bedeutung, die so genannten christlich-abendländischen Werten wie Toleranz und Meinungsfreiheit im Rahmen dieser Debatten beigemessen wird, verweist vielmehr darauf, dass zeitgleich und in engem Zusammenhang damit die (Re-)Formulierung einer westlich-abendländischen Identität auf dem Spiel steht. Eine zentrale Stellung kommt dabei dem Re-kurs auf hierarchische Geschlechterverhältnisse zu, die als Wesensmerkmal des Islam darge-stellt und als Begründung der angenommenen Differenz zwischen Angehörigen der so genann-ten islamischen und denjenigen der so genannten westlichen Kultur herangezogen werden. Für feministisch Engagierte stellt dies eine Herausforderung dar: Sie sehen sich durch die vielfa-che Bezugnahme auf scheinbar feministische Argumentationen in Massenmedien und Politik in die Position einer Avantgarde derjenigen Kämpfe versetzt, die im Rahmen dieser Debatten mit dem Ziel der (Neu-)Bestimmung einer westlich-abendländischen Identität ausgetragen werden. Die vorliegende Untersuchung unterzieht feministische diskursstrategische Reaktionen auf diese Herausforderungen am Beispiel feministischer Zeitschriften in Deutschland und den Niederlanden einer kritischen Betrachtung und setzt sie in Beziehung zu ihren jeweiligen massenmedialen Pendants. Die Forderung eines diskurstheoretisch inspirierten, diskursanaly-tischen Vorgehens nach der Kontextualisierung des untersuchten Materials ernst nehmend, wurde für die inhaltliche Ausgestaltung und sprachliche Konstitution sowohl massenmedialer als auch feministischer Islamdiskurse ihr jeweiliges Zusammenspiel mit historisch-theoretischen sowie migrations- und integrationspolitischen Kontexten als prägend ange-nommen. Mit Deutschland und den Niederlanden wurden zwei westeuropäische Einwande-rungsländer ausgewählt, die sich trotz immer wieder zu verzeichnender Annäherungsbewe-gungen durch eine überwiegend differente Gestaltung der jeweiligen Migrations- und Integ-rationspolitiken sowie eine unterschiedlich weitgehende Institutionalisierung des Islam als Minderheitenreligion auszeichnen. Mit welcher thematischen Schwerpunktsetzung und mit Hilfe welcher argumentativen Strukturen konstituieren sich also feministische im Vergleich zu massenmedialen Diskursen zum Thema Islam vor dem Hintergrund differenter diskursiver Kontexte in Deutschland und den Niederlanden? Der erste Teil der Arbeit umfasst eine um-fassende, ländervergleichende Betrachtung der historisch-theoretischen (Kap. II) sowie migra-tions- und integrationspolitischen (Kap. III) Kontexte von Islamdiskursen in Deutschland und d! en Niederlanden. Das darauf folgende Kapitel unterzieht massenmediale Islamdiskurse an-hand ausgewählter diskursiver Ereignisse einer genaueren Betrachtung (Kap. IV). Nach der Darstellung der in der Arbeit angewandten Methodik (Kap. V) umfasst die folgende empiri-sche Analyse in einem ersten inhaltsanalytischen Schritt die quantitative Erfassung geografi-scher und thematischer Schwerpunktsetzungen in Bezug auf das Thema Islam in den unter-suchten Zeitschriften (Kap. VI). Mit dem Ziel der Erschließung der argumentativen Struktur feministischer Islamdiskurse wird im zweiten empirischen Schritt ein diskurstheoretisch in-spiriertes, frame-analytisches Vorgehen gewählt, das die detaillierte Rekonstruktion und quantifizierende Auswertung der Frames Deutungsmuster erlaubt, derer sich feministi-sche Zeitschriften in Deutschland und den Niederlanden bedienen (Kap. VII). Abschließend wird unter der Überschrift Rettungsszenarien im Widerstreit auf feministische Positionierungen fokussiert, die sich im Zuge der Auseinandersetzung mit dem Thema Islam innerhalb hegemonialer feministischer Diskurse in Deutschland und den Niederlanden herausbilden. ; Since several years discussions on the Islam shape the political and medial discourses on multiculturalism and integration in Western European immigration societies. The recourse to the Christian Occident , the outline of a Leitkultur , and the defense of the Fortress Europe are frequently mentioned keywords in these debates. The underlying subject-matter is, however, not exclusively the marginalization of the Islam and of Muslims: As so-called christian-occidental values such as tolerance and freedom of opinion are of high significance in these debates it becomes clear that it is rather the (re-)formulation of a western-occidental identity which is at stake. Interestingly, the recourse to hierarchical gender orders occupies a central position in depicting the central features of the Islam and in justifying the assumed difference between members of the so-called muslim and the so-called western culture respec-tively. Gender is considered as a marker of an ascribed difference between the Islam and the so-called Western world. As a category of differentiation it constitutes a challenge for those engaged in feminism: Because of the multiple references to ostensibly feminist argu-mentations in mass media and politics feminists consider themselves to be in the position of an avant-garde concerning the struggles for (re-)configurations of the western-occidental identity that underlie these debates. The analysis in hand critically reflects strategic discursive reactions to these challenges using the example of feminist journals in Germany and the Netherlands and relates these to their respective mass medial pendants. Its design is inspired by discourse theory and is taking seriously a discourse analytical approach: Historical and theoretical discourses as well as migration and integration policy in both countries of inves-tigation are understood as significant, influential contexts of the reviewed material, being of high relevance for the content and the linguistic constitution of mass medial and femin ist dis-courses on Islam. Germany and the Netherlands are two Western European immigration so-cieties that despite their every now and then occurring convergence are predominantly displaying a different shaping of the respective migration and integration policy as well as a different extent of institutionalization of the Islam as a minority religion. Accordingly the main question is: With which topical prioritizations and with the aid of which arguments do feminist discourses constitute themselves in comparison with mass medial discourses on Is-lam against the background of divergent discursive contexts in Germany and the Netherlands? The first part of the analysis in hand consists in an extensive comparison of the historical and theoretical (Chap. II) and the political migration-related and integration-related contexts (Chap. III) of discourses on Islam in Germany and the Netherlands. The following chapter takes a closer look at the mass medial discourse on Islam in both countries (Chap. IV). Fur-ther to a detailed description of the applied methods (Chap. V), the empirical analysis encom-passes in a first step (content analysis) the quantitative acquisition of geographical and topical emphases regarding the topic Islam in the reviewed journals (Kap. VI). The aim of the second empirical step is to analyse the argumentative structure of feminist discourses on Islam; the applied frame-analytical approach permits the detailed reconstruction and quantifying evalua-tion of the frames interpretative patterns that are used by feminist journals in Germany and the Netherlands (Kap. VII). This concluding section is especially bringing into focus the various feminist positionings described as antagonistic rescue scenarios that are emerg-ing in the course of the debates about the topic Islam within the hegemonic feminist dis-courses in Germany and the Netherlands

After Positivism: Critical Realism and Historical SociologyCausation in History: Positivist and Realist approaches; Reduction and Emergence: Methodological Individualism and Historical Sociology; Conclusion: "Value Freedom" and Historical Sociology; Notes; References; Uses of Value Judgments in Science: A General Argument, with Lessons from a Case Study of Feminist Research on Divorce; Rethinking the Underdetermination Argument for Value-Laden Science; The Orthodox Case for Value-Neutral Science; The Orthodox Case Evaluated: Can There be Evidence for Value Judgments?

How can we tap the extraordinary potential of "theory" in graduate feminist training, while at the same time circumventing some of its hazardous consequences? Having earned her degrees before the rise of theory, the author witnessed not only the intellectual excitement it generated in feminist conversations but also its rise to a prominence that qualified its productivity both in the classroom and in doctoral dissertations. By reintegrating literature and literary history in discussions of theoretical insights, students can stretch, undermine, qualify, or extend them. Literary and aesthetic specificities help young scholars move toward original, publishable insights by extending or contradicting, supplementing or supplanting the abstract generalizations posed by the theorists they study.

El presente artículo ofrece una crítica de algunos aportes que la teoría psicoanalítica postula sobre la homosexualidad masculina. Se toma como concepto eje al complejo de Edipo para señalar su funcionamiento misógino, no sólo por el lugar de objeto al que son relegadas las madres dentro de la retórica psicoanalítica, sino porque configura un dispositivo de propagación del repudio hacia lo femenino. Para ello se exponen aportes del pensamiento feminista, como recurso clave para develar el aspecto socio-histórico y político que subyace a la pretensión universal de las explicaciones psicoanalíticas. Asimismo se exploran marcos de referencia no psicoanalíticos que retratan el vínculo del homosexual y su madre con otros sentidos no misóginos. Finalmente, a modo de imperativo ético-político, se propone la figura de la Marica como narrativa alternativa que cortocircuita los sentidos y los términos a partir de los cuales el complejo de Edipo articula las identidades sexuales contemporáneas. ; This paper offers a critique to the conceptual contributions to what the psychoanalytic theory posits as explanation for the formation of the homosexual masculinity. The Oedipus Complex will be used as a central concept to take as reference in order to unconceal its misogynistic operation, not only for the placement of mothers in object positions by the psychoanalytical rhetoric, but also for constructing a hate-generating device towards the feminine. For such elucidation, contributions of feminist approach thought are presented as key resources to reveal the political and socio-historic aspects that underlay the universal pretension of psychoanalytic explanations. In the same vein, non-psychoanalytical frames that picture the relationship between the homosexual and his mother with other non-misogynistic senses are explored. Finally, as an ethical-political imperative, the figure of the Marica is proposed as an alternative narrative that short-circuits the senses and words that serve in the Oedipus to articulate/joint contemporary sexual identities. ; Facultad de Psicología ; Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación

This volume explores in depth femicide and feminicide, bringing together our current knowledge on this phenomenon and its prevention.No country is free from femicide/feminicide, which represents the tip of the iceberg in male violence against women and girls. Therefore, it is crucial and timely to better understand how states and their citizens are experiencing and responding to femicide/feminicide globally. Through the work of internationally recognised feminist and grassroots activists, researchers, and academics from around the world, this handbook offers the first in-depth, global examination of the growing social movement to address femicide and feminicide. It includes the current state of knowledge and the prevalence of femicide/feminicide and its characteristics across countries and world regions, as well as the social and legal responses to these killings. The contributions contained here look at the accomplishments of the past four decades, ongoing challenges, and current and future priorities to identify where we need to go from here to prevent femicide/feminicide specifically and male violence against women and girls overall.This transnational, multidisciplinary, cross-sectoral handbook will contribute to research, policy, and practice globally at a time when it is needed the most. It brings a visible, global focus to the growing concern about femicide/feminicide, underscoring the importance of adopting a human rights framework in working towards its prevention, in an increasingly unstable global world for women and girls

Dieser Beitrag nimmt die Skepsis in der Geschlechterforschung gegenüber Herrschaftskritik privilegierter Personen zum Anlass, erneut über das Verhältnis von sozialem Standort und politischem Standpunkt nachzudenken. Argumentiert wird, dass feministische Standpunkttheorie, welche einen weiblichen oder marginalisierten Standort voraussetzt, hegemonieselbstkritisch weiterentwickelt werden muss, um feministische Hegemonieselbstkritik von einem privilegierten männlichen Standort wahrnehmen und anerkennen zu können. Das herrschaftskritische Projekt der Multidimensionalität bzw. Intersektionalität inklusive Hegemonieselbstkritik privilegierter Personen wird hier darum um den Aspekt der Hegemonieselbstkritik von einem marginalisierten Standort ergänzt. Der Begriff der Hegemonieselbstkritik beschreibt den Prozess der kritischen Infragestellung der eigenen Selbstsetzung als hegemonial bezogen auf eine hegemonial männliche wie auch eine sich hegemonial setzende weibliche feministische Positionierung. Feministische Standpunkttheorie ermöglicht es, beide zu differenzieren und in ihrem spezifischen Standort zu situieren. Die Hegemonieselbstkritik aller (Geschlechter) hat Potential, breite emanzipatorische Bündnispolitiken zu ermöglichen und ein Umschlagen von Emanzipation in Herrschaft zu vermeiden. ; This paper takes the scepticism within gender research towards domination critique from privileged people as motive to reflect anew on the relation of social position and political standpoint. It argues that feminist standpoint theory, which presupposes a female or marginalised standpoint, has to be developed hegemony self-critically, in order to be able to perceive and recognize feminist hegemony self-critique voiced from a privileged male position. The domination-critical project of multidimensionality or intersectionality including hegemony self-critique is here complemented with the aspect of hegemony self-critique from a marginalised position. The term hegemony self-critique thereby refers to the process of critically questioning one's self-positioning as hegemonic concerning a hegemonic male as well as a female feminist position, which sets itself as hegemonic. Feminist standpoint theory allows to differentiate the two and to situate them in their specific position. Hegemony self-critique by all (genders) has potential to enable broad coalitions and to prevent a reversal from emancipation to domination.

The mobilizations of October 2019 in Ecuador open the study of the relationship between populism and organized civil society. In this article we explore the construction of indigenous and feminist social mobilization in Ecuador from the social demands built on the discourse of its members, in the period 2007-2019. Using a qualitative research approach, through in-depth interviews with members/leaders of these movements, we examine the construction of political action from populist theory. The results of this research allow us to argue distinctive elements of populism in the discourse of the members of the social movements, which provide inputs for a preliminary explanation of social mobilization from this political logic. ; Las movilizaciones de octubre de 2019 en Ecuador, invitan a estudiar la relación entre el populismo y la sociedad civil organizada. En este artículo exploramos la construcción de la movilización social indígena y feminista en Ecuador desde las demandas sociales construidas en el discurso de sus miembros, en el periodo de 2007–2019. Empleando un enfoque de investigación cualitativa, por medio de entrevistas a profundidad a miembros/líderes de estos movimientos, examinamos la construcción de la acción política desde la teoría populista. Los resultados de esta investigación permiten argumentar elementos distintivos del populismo en el discurso de los miembros de los movimientos sociales, que proveen insumos para una explicación preliminar sobre la movilización social desde esta lógica política.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Detailed Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Part I Theoretical and Interdisciplinary Perspectives -- 1 The Sociology of Gender: Theoretical Perspectives and Feminist Frameworks -- Sociology of Gender -- Basic Sociological Concepts -- Key Concepts for the Sociology of Gender -- Distinguishing Sex and Gender -- Gender Inclusiveness -- Gender Roles -- Sociological Perspectives on Gender -- Levels of Analysis -- Functionalism -- Preview -- Preindustrial Society -- Contemporary Society -- Critique -- Conflict Theory -- Marx, Engels, and Social Class -- Contemporary Conflict Theory -- Gender and the Family -- Critique -- Symbolic Interaction -- Social Constructionism -- Doing Gender -- Heteronormativity -- Doing Difference -- Dancing -- Critique -- Feminist Sociological Theory -- Intersectionality -- Backlash to Intersectionality -- Intersectionality and Science -- Reprise -- Feminist Perspectives on the Family -- Critique -- Feminisms -- Liberal Feminism -- Socialist Feminism -- Radical Feminism -- Cultural Feminism -- Ecofeminism -- Global Feminism -- Cyberfeminism -- Emerging Feminisms -- Feminism, Media, and Politics -- Portrayals of Feminism -- Television -- Politics -- Case Study: Feminist for President, Vice President, and FLOUS in Election 2008 -- Hillary Rodham Clinton -- Sarah Palin -- Critique -- Michelle Obama -- Feminism and the Political Climate -- Feminist Progress -- Women's Movements as Feminist Success Stories -- Women's March on Washington -- #MeToo -- Moms Demand Action -- Movements with Feminist Solidarity -- Reprise -- Key Terms -- 2 Gender Development: Biology, Sexuality, and Health -- Section 1 Biology and Sexuality in Gender Development -- Nature and Nurture -- Margaret Mead -- Critique -- Evolution, Genetics, and Biology -- Sociobiology.

María Pía Lara is professor of philosophy at the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana. She is also Co-director of the Prague Colloquium of Critical Theory. She has published essays and articles in International journals on Critical Theory, Politics, Ethics and Aesthetics, Feminism and Populism. She has written several books including: Moral Textures: Feminist Narratives in the Public Sphere (Los Angeles, Berkeley, San Diego: Polity Press, 1998 and Cambridge, England: Polity Press, 1998); Narrating Evil: A Post-metaphysical Theory of Reflexive Judgment (New York: Columbia University Press, 2007); The Disclosure of Politics: Struggles Over the Semantics of Secularization (New York: Columbia University Press, 2013); Beyond the Public Sphere: Film and the Feminist Imagination (Evanston, Chicago: Northwestern University Press, 2020 Forthcoming).