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In recent years, the counterintuitive claim that criminals consent to their own punishment has been revived by philosophers who attempt to ground the justification of punishment in some version of the social contract. In this paper, I examine three such attempts—"contractarian" essays by Christopher Morris and Claire Finkelstein and an essay by Corey Brettschneider from the rival "contractualist" camp—and I find all three unconvincing. Each attempt is plausible, I argue, but its plausibility derives not from the appeal to a social contract but from considerations of fair play. Rather than look to the social contract for a justification of punishment, I conclude, we would do better to rely on the principle of fair play.

Donald VanDeVeer probes the moral complexities of the question: under what conditions is it permissible to intervene invasively in the lives of competent persons--for example, by deception, force, or coercive threat--for their own good? In a work with broad significance for law, public policy, professional-client relations, and private interactions, he presents a theory of an autonomy-respecting"" paternalism. Originally published in 1986. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the

Hyland, Richard. 2009. Gifts: A Study in Comparative Law. Oxford: Oxford University Press. xxi+708 p. ISBN-13: 978-0195343366, £80.Book Review: Lori Allen, The Rise and Fall of Human Rights: Cynicism and Politics in Occupied Palestine, xviii, 258 pp. bibliogr. Stanford Studies in Human Rights, Stanford University Press, Stanford, California, 2013. $85 (cloth), $24.95 (paper).Lucht, Hans. 2012. Darkness before Daybreak: African Migrants Living on the Margins in Southern Italy Today. Berkeley: University of California Press. Isbn 0520270738, xxii, 284 pp, price: $26.95

This paper will be based on an analysis of the state of play on the issue of the dispute between Spain and the United Kingdom over sovereignty of the territory and waters, as well as the particular status of the application of Community law following the Act of Accession of the United Kingdom to the European Union, in order to try to determine to what extent a mediation plan, which until now was understood to be acceptable to the Union, is applicable. Following the Brexit and the change in the Union's position, a rethinking of the terms of all the possibilities of reaching an agreement is approaching. ; En el presente trabajo se partirá de un análisis del estado de la cuestión sobre el contencioso entre España y Reino Unido por la soberanía del territorio y las aguas, así como el estatuto particularizado que ha tenido la aplicación del Derecho comunitario a raíz del Acta de Adhesión de Reino Unido a la Unión Europea, para intentar determinar hasta qué punto es aplicable un plan de mediación que hasta el momento actual se entendía asumible por la Unión. Tras el Brexit y el cambio de posicionamiento de la Unión se avecina un replanteamiento de los términos de todas las posibilidades de llegar a un acuerdo.

La tesi affronta il tema della realizzazione della Procura europea (European Public Prosecutor's Office, acronimo EPPO), istituita con il regolamento (UE) 2017/1939 del Consiglio del 12 ottobre 2017, dopo quasi un ventennio di studi e proposte e non senza significative rinunce rispetto alle originarie aspirazioni. Tradizionalmente il tema è stato affrontato dagli studiosi attraverso l'impiego di categorie concettuali proprie dei settori disciplinari del diritto penale e del diritto processuale penale, con tutti i meriti, ma ovviamente anche i limiti, di un'indagine che comporta l'adozione di una prospettiva di diritto interno. La predilezione per un simile approccio si deve, sostanzialmente, alla genesi del progetto che si è sviluppato a partire da uno studio comparatistico, ma soprattutto alle sue implicazioni. Comprensibilmente, infatti, la dottrina italiana e straniera si è interessata principalmente della sua compatibilità con gli ordinamenti nazionali, misurando la fattibilità e realizzabilità del progetto con le eterogeneità proprie delle tradizioni giuridiche degli stessi. L'elaborato inquadra, invece, il tema trattato dal punto di osservazione del diritto dell'Unione europea sul presupposto l'Ufficio è destinato ad inserirsi nel contesto giuridico-istituzionale dell'UE, nel rispetto dei principi che fondano la competenza dell'UE in materia penale, ne regolamentano l'esercizio e, infine, stabiliscono la portata e l'intensità dell'azione dell'UE in tale "delicato" settore. Nella medesima ottica, merita altrettanta considerazione il fatto che EPPO si collocherà nel panorama degli attori ed organismi di cooperazione e coordinamento già esistenti, aventi specifiche competenze in materia penale ed attivi anche nel campo della protezione degli interessi finanziari dell'UE. In tale prospettiva, il primo capitolo intende costituire la premessa metodologica e la chiave di lettura dell'intero lavoro, inquadrando l'argomento trattato nel contesto delle specificità del processo di integrazione europea in materia penale, con particolare attenzione ai suoi principi ispiratori ed ai suoi connaturati limiti. Il secondo capitolo ripercorre gli studi, le proposte, i documenti (istituzionali e non) che hanno dato avvio al dibattito intorno alla figura di un'autorità inquirente europea e che hanno condotto all'introduzione di una base giuridica ad hoc per l'istituzione dell'ufficio - inserita dal trattato di Lisbona all'art. 86 TFUE – sul cui fondamento è stato intrapreso un lungo e complesso iter legislativo conclusosi, in data 12 ottobre 2017, con l'approvazione del regolamento. Il terzo, quarto e quinto capitolo sono dedicati, rispettivamente, ai profili istituzionali, alla competenza materiale e, da ultimo, agli aspetti operativi relativi al funzionamento dell'Ufficio ed ai rapporti con i "partners". Le previsioni del testo di regolamento sono esaminate mettendone in evidenza i profili critici e potenzialmente problematici. Il lavoro indaga anche le specifiche implicazioni connesse al ricorso alla cooperazione rafforzata. ; The thesis deals with the issue of the creation of the European Public Prosecutor's Office (EPPO), established by Council Regulation (EU) 2017/1939 of 12 October 2017, after almost two decades of studies and proposals. Traditionally, the subject has been studied in the disciplinary fields of criminal law and criminal procedure, with all the merits but also all the limits of a research that involves the adoption of a perspective of domestic law. The predilection for such an approach was essentially due to the genesis of the project that developed from a comparative study, but above all to its implications. Reasonably, in fact, the Italian and foreign doctrine was mainly concerned with its compatibility with national laws and national legal traditions. Unlike these studies, the paper examines the subject from the perspective of EU law. In fact, EPPO set-up regulation must respect the principles that base the competence of the EU in criminal matters, regulate the exercise and finally establish the scope and the intensity of EU action in this "sensitive" sector. Furthermore, the Office will place itself in the panorama of the already existing cooperation and coordination actors and bodies, having specific competences in criminal matters and active also in the field of the protection of the financial interests of the EU. From this perspective, the first chapter represents the methodological premise and the key to understanding the entire work. In this chapter the issue is framed in the context of the specificities of the process of European integration in criminal matters, with particular attention to its inspiring principles and its inherent limits. The second chapter examines the studies, proposals, documents (both institutional and non-institutional) that started the debate around the figure of a European investigating authority and which led to the introduction of an ad hoc legal basis for the establishment of the Office, inserted by the Treaty of Lisbon in the art. 86 TFEU. The chapter ends with the long and complex legislative process that led to the approval of the regulation even if with significant renunciations compared to the original aspirations. First of all, the use of enhanced cooperation. The third, fourth and fifth chapters are dedicated, respectively, to institutional profiles, material competence and, lastly, to the operational aspects related to the functioning of the Office and to relations with "partners". In this part, the provisions of the regulation text are examined by highlighting the critical and potentially problematic profiles. The work also investigates the specific implications related to the use of enhanced cooperation.

Treaties — Effect in municipal law — EEC Treaty, 1957 — Legislation enacted by EEC institutions — Status under municipal law — Regulations — Conditions for direct applicability under municipal law — Primacy of EEC law over contrary municipal law — Legal basis — Whether provisions of EEC law take precedence over fundamental rights under national constitutionsRelationship of international law and municipal law — Treaties — Effect in municipal law — EEC Treaty, 1957 — Nature of legal order established by Treaty — Fundamental rights under national Constitution — Proceedings instituted before Constitutional Court alleging unconstitutionality of EEC provisions — Whether provisions of EEC law prevailing over fundamental constitutional rightsTreaties — Conclusion and operation — Constitutional limitations — Acts of institutions established by EEC Treaty — Whether subject to constitutional review by municipal courtsInternational organizations — European Economic Community — Legal status — Powers — Regulations enacted by Council and Commission — 404Whether subject to constitutional review by municipal courts of Member States — Institutions — Court of Justice of European Communities — Effect of decisions in municipal legal order of Member States — Council, Commission and Parliament of Communities — Joint Declaration on General Principles governing the Protection of Fundamental Rights, 1977 — Effect in municipal legal order of Member StatesHuman rights — Procedure for enforcement — Scope of protection of human rights within the Community — Case law of the Court of Justice of the European Communities — Whether adequately ensuring protection of fundamental rights — Whether any requirement upon Community to secure enactment of bill of rights by democratically elected European Parliament — Whether such requirement now satisfied — Relevance of accession of all Member States to European Convention on Human Rights, 1950 and approval by national and European parliamentsHuman rights — Procedure for enforcement — Fundamental rights under Constitution of Federal Republic of Germany — EEC Treaty, 1957 and secondary legislation — Possible conflict with fundamental rights under Constitution of Federal Republic — Whether EEC provisions subject to constitutional review by municipal courts to establish compatibility with fundamental constitutional rights — Whether protection of fundamental rights within EEC now adequately safeguarded by the Court of Justice of the European CommunitiesEconomics, trade and finance — Export licences — Mushrooms — Regulations enacted pursuant to EEC Treaty, 1957 — Validity — Whether violating fundamental rights — The law of the Federal Republic of Germany

A brief foray into comparative and transnational law finds the debate about abortion in courts, legislatures, and intergovernmental bodies around the world. Instead of presuming that judicial review displaces or silences democratic processes, the interaction of Roe, Carhart, and the transnational exchanges make plain that the practices of democracies depend on dialogic interaction among the many groups within and across social orders. Legal generativity, from all sides of the political spectrum, is an artefact of adjudication in democratic polities.

Introduction to the Problem: State responsibility is one of the important keys in the life of the state, one of which is in labor affairs. In its implementation, there are several records of human rights violations in the Indonesian Sea, namely Trafficking in Persons, Forced Labor/Slavery, Child Labor, Overtime, and the absence of health insurance.Objective: This research aims to analyze the regulations in Indonesia concerning the protection of human rights for workers in the fishing industry in Indonesia and whether the Fisheries Human Rights Certification under the Regulation of the Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Number 35 of 2015 has effectively grant human rights protection to workers in the field of fisheries fishing industry in Indonesia.Methodology: The research method used is juridical-normative.Findings: This study indicates that Human Rights Certification in the Fisheries Sector is one solution so that fishing companies meet the Human Rights criteria set by the Government but still need improvement in the context and implementation. Conclusion Research on Fisheries Human Rights Certification has not been effective in protecting workers in the fishing industry from a technical and conceptual perspective. Effectiveness can be improved if there is an evaluation of problems in the form of overlapping authorities between agencies, the seriousness of the Fisheries Human Rights Team in carrying out its authority.Paper Type: Research Article

Reflecting the focus of this Special Issue on "Rule of Law and Human Mobility in the Age of the Global Compacts," this article contributes to the discussion on the threats to the rule of law posed by immigration detention through the lens of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (GCM). In GCM's Objective 13, states committed to use immigration detention only as a measure of last resort, work towards alternatives and draw from eight sets of actions to realise this commitment. Given the attention the GCM attracts, its nonbinding character and the voluntary nature of its review can be used by states as justification for their inadequate implementation of binding human rights obligations and insufficient reporting on implementation to the supervising bodies. While acknowledging these challenges to the rule of law, this article explores the ways the GCM can actually foster the rule of law in the area of immigration detention. To strengthen the rule of law principles of legality, legal certainty, prohibition of arbitrariness, access to justice and the right to an effective remedy, Objective 13 needs to support a binding human rights regime by preventing arbitrary detention and its implementation at the domestic level. The article discusses the interplay between Objective 13 on the one hand, and, on the other, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families and Convention on the Rights of the Child at three levels—the detention provisions, the support provided to states for the implementation of these provisions and the monitoring of states' implementation—and it proposes means to strengthen the synergies between the two frameworks.

What role do regulators and firms play in the construction of open‐ended regulatory terms? The new institutionallegal endogeneitymodel posits that organizations respond to legal uncertainty by adopting formal structures to symbolically signal their compliance. These structures, however, tend to embody businesses' managerial and commercial values, as opposed to regulatory goals. Law becomes endogenous insofar as legal actors then defer to businesses' institutionalized ideas about regulation and compliance. Professionals, such as lawyers and human‐resource managers, and their strategic deployment of framing, are portrayed as the engines of the above process of legal endogeneity. By comparison, administrative agencies' strategies in shaping the meaning that corporations attach to the law are practically ignored. Building on a detailed case study ofBritish financial firms' responses to theFinancialServicesAuthority'sTreatingCustomersFairly initiative, this article problematizes the supposition of regulatory deference to business constructions of law. Instead, it develops a more balanced model that recognizes business professionals'andregulators'co‐constructionof regulation and compliance. The process of regulatory meaning co‐construction, as depicted by this model, involves alignment and disputes between regulators' and professionals' strategic framing of regulatory concerns with tangible consequences for the enactment of regulation.

In 1987, I was honored to write the Foreword for a special issue on the National Black Law Journal. The special issue featured papers on race, racism and democracy written by students in a UCLA seminar that I had tailored to facilitate the production of publishable work by students. The state of legal education for African American students at the time was far from idyllic. Indeed, the Foreword was inspired by a host of events that I had witnessed both as a student and as a colleague that underscored the varied and subtle ways that race continued to marginalize students of color in legal education, particularly in the classroom.

Unterentwicklung und ethnische Konflikte sind Herausforderungen für nahezu alle Länder südlich der Sahara. Das Buch basiert auf einer Fallstudie aus Äthiopien und stellt die institutionellen Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten auf lokaler Ebene vor, die helfen sollen, die sozialen Probleme einzudämmen. In englischer Sprache. Reihe Recht und Verfassung in Afrika - Law and Constitution in Africa - Band 25.