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Students of international organization, like students of domestic government, usually focus their attention on problems of formal organizational structure and arrangements and quite often neglect the substratum of informal operations and relationships. The study of public administration, in its quest for greater depth of perception, has in recent years gained rich insights through analysis of the informal and human aspects of policymaking. But international organization, still a parvenu from the American standpoint, has scarcely felt the scalpel of this particular form of dissection.

The question "What does America stand for?" ultimately asks "What is American Civilization?" Americans have usually replied with a confidence and oprimism that did not wholly mask uneasiness. In the American Republic's early days its citizens felt an urgent necessity to identify their new nation in the international community. A later history of uprooting and rapid change kept the sense of newness and the question of identity alive and quick.

On February 20, 1957, the Council of the Organization of American States (OAS) resolved to approve the text of the Protocol to the convention on duties and rights of states in the event of civil strife; as of August 30, 1957, seven countries had signed the Protocol. At a meeting on May 15 the Council approved a resolution concerning inter-American book festivals, which expressed the Council's keen satisfaction with the success of the first inter-American book festival, held in Caracas in November 1956, and established inter-American book festivals as a part of the cultural program of OAS.

The Council of the Organization of American States (OAS) held a number of meetings during the period May-December 1956. Following a series of discussions concerning the proposed text of the statutes of the Inter-American Peace Committee as submitted by the Committee on Juridical-Political Matters the Council revised and approved the text on May 9.1 A document dealing with the draft convention on extradition was also submitted by the committee to the Council, which decided to transmit the draft to OAS member states for comment. From July 18 to 22 the Council held a special meeting in Panama City to commemorate the Congress of Panama of 1826.

In the last 8 or 10 yrs Americans have been charmed by a new culture hero. Of medium height & usually of Lc birth, his most familiar physical characteristics are his surly & discontented expression, his uncombed hair, his muscular build, his slouching, shuffling gait. What he says is rarely important but he mesmerized his auditor by the effort he takes to say it. He communicates not information but feeling & an inner life of unspecified anguish & torment. It is in the Actors Studio that most of these heroes are spawned. They are invariably outcasts, rebels, isolated from parents, from teachers, from so-' ciety. In a world of suits & ties, the leather jacket & open collar are symbols of alienation & rebellion. Though the hero is a rebel against established authority, he is not necessarily identified with lawless elements. He is in the middle - isolate & alone. He views society as a prison, mechanical, forbidding, inhibitive, but curiously enough he ultimately seeks its warmth & security. The obstacle is his own rebellion & before he can enter he must get involved in violence as if in expiation for some sin. When thus expiated by physical punishment, then the hero finds his way home - not to independent manhood but to conformity & complacency. J. A. Fishman.

Cab e - m e , nesta série de conferências, apresentar-vos algumas observaçõessôbre as relações, em matéria orçamentária, entre os poderes Legislativo eExecutivo. Desenvolverei minhas observações do ponto de vista dêste último,mas não considero seja meu encargo esboçar qualquer ponto de vista institucional.A não ser que logremos dominar o complexo conjunto das relações doLegislativo com o Executivo e nos libertemos das limitações inerentes à nossaprópria experiência de trabalho, não chegaremos a conclusões satisfatóriasnesse terreno.Como não ignorais, encontro-me no lado do Executivo; não o esqueçais,pois, ao acompanhardes o fio de minha argumentação. No entanto, eu próprio-gostaria de pôr de lado qualquer critério particularista, retendo apenas o quejulgo sejam condições indispensáveis a um govêrno eficiente. Tais condiçõessão de grande importância numa época em que os Estados Unidos assumemimensas obrigações, tanto no que diz respeito ao bem-estar e segurança dopovo americano, como em relação à sobrevivência da liberdade no mundo.

Wee hope to plant a nation, where none before hath stood.—Alexander Whitaker, Good Newes from Virginia, 1613.Anthropological studies have shown that the myth of destiny, along with the myth of origin, has exerted a tremendous influence in shaping tribal mentality and sustaining tribal solidarity. In the history of many modern nations the influence of the myth of destiny can also be perceived. Thus, the belief in a peculiar destiny which had already been formulated among the separate colonies throughout the early period of American history was of special import in the growth of a consciousness of national identity among American colonists during the years of their struggle for independence.This study aims at scrutinizing the changes in the formulation and meaning, during the revolutionary era, of the myth of a peculiar destiny and the impact of the doctrine of natural law in bringing about these changes. The main theses are, first, that the American colonists met the need felt during the revolutionary era for new evidence of and support for an American "destiny" by appealing to the seemingly secure tenets of the doctrine of natural law; and, second, that, as a consequence of this intermingling of "destiny" and "natural law," the assertion of an American destiny was transformed from a "faith" to a "certainty," or, more accurately, from a dream to an appointment "manifest."

The Council of the Organization of American State (OAS) took the following decision during the period September 8, 1955 to April 19, 1956: I) It concluded an agreement with the Inter-American Statistical Institute establishing a basis of cooperation in the promotion of basic progress in statistical work. 2) It commended the plans of the Cordell Hull Foundation for International Education to establish fellowships and provide assistance to Latin American students in educational institutions in the United States, and authorized the Pan American Union to offer to collaborate in the program. 3) It approved the distribution of four resolutions of the Inter-American Council of Jurists concerning the Inter-American Academy of Comparative and International Law, a draft convention on extradition, the consideration of amendments to the statutes of the Inter-American Council of Jurists, and reservations to multilateral treaties. 4) It noted with satisfaction the two agreements signed by Costa Rica and Nicaragua on January 9, 1956, and decided to transmit the texts of the documents to the member states.

For more than a century intellectuals and statesmen in Central America have kept alive a Bolivarian dream of fashioning a political unity in the isthmian region of the Americas. The formation of the Organization of Central American States in 1951 marked a signal accomplishment along a pathway strewn with many obstacles and previous frustrations. The establishment of this organization added a third regional grouping to the two already present in the Americas— the Organization of American States and the Caribbean Commission. It remains to be seen to what extent the three will be able to work together when questions affecting interests of the hemisphere as a whole arise.

Considers (85) H.J. Res. 271. ; Considers legislation to revise the Anglo-American Financial Agreement of 1945 to authorize deferral of U.S. loan repayment by Great Britain. ; Record is based on bibliographic data in CIS US Congressional Committee Hearings Index. Reuse except for individual research requires license from Congressional Information Service, Inc. ; Indexed in CIS US Congressional Committee Hearings Index Part VI ; Considers (85) H.J. Res. 271. ; Considers legislation to revise the Anglo-American Financial Agreement of 1945 to authorize deferral of U.S. loan repayment by Great Britain. ; Mode of access: Internet.

States — Continuity of — International Organizations — Pan-American Union and Organization of American States.International Organization — In General — Continuity of International Organizations — Substantial Identity of the Bodies Concerned — Succession to Rights — Pan-American Union — Effect of Charter of the Organization of American States' 1948 — Replacement of Union of American Republics by Organization of American States — Right of Pan-American Union to Receive Bequest.

Jurisdiction — Exemptions from — Foreign Armed Forces — American Naval Mission to Greece.

The general theme of these discussions calls for a reinterpretation of the West as an underdeveloped region. This lends credence to a hypothesis occasionally encountered that history is comprised of the examination of a succession of conceptual anachronisms devised in each case by the historian's generation for the solution of contemporary problems and applied as an afterthought to the reconstruction of the past. The adoption of the concept of underdevelopment in die present circumstance is in line with this hypothesis and is, in this regard, in good company with well-worn frames of reference utilized by earlier generations of North American economic historians. Turner advanced the frontier thesis as a tool of analysis of the past at a time when major concern was arising over the frontier's disappearance. Innis fashioned the staple-trade approach to Canadian economic development in the interwar years when for a time it appeared that Canadian prosperity and material advance had vanished coincidentally with the mortal illness of the last great Canadian staple, wheat.

When in 1872 the English Reverend Alexander King, Secretary of the Freedmen's Mission Aid Society, returned to Blackheath (London) from his travels in the American West, he wrote a letter to the editor of the London Observer. Said he: "I believe our great national problem … must be solved by … the British occupation of America. Emigration, on a grand scale, to the trans-Mississippi regions will prove the destiny of the Anglo-Saxon people, and our cheapest and most effectual remedy for some of our most formidable national evils."

The period between 1860 and the death of Queen Victoria in 1901 saw the pound sterling moving into even the most isolated corners of the world, seeking, amoeba-like, to reproduce itself with a minimum of effort. Among other areas to feel its impact and to reap its benefits was the American West, particularly the mineral frontier. Records of the Board of Trade indicate that during these forty-one years at least 518 British joint-stock companies were incorporated, with a total nominal capitalization of not less than £77,705,751, to engage in mining and milling activities in the intermountain West, exclusive of the Pacific Coast.