Suchergebnisse

This article seeks to explain and understand how the strength of a human resource management (HRM) system and perceived organizational support (POS) determine employment relationships (ERs) in organizations and the behaviors they generate in terms of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and intentions to remain (IR). A typology of ERs is proposed, considering perceptions about the HRM system (Ability, Motivation, and Opportunity [AMO] model), its strength, and POS. An analysis was adopted, looking into organizations in two separate studies in service sectors (hospitality and financial services), taking as informants to 130 and 87 HRM managers and 30 workers' representatives as proxies of organizations and employees, respectively. Cluster analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted, and results are congruent with theoretical frameworks such as Attribution Theory and Social Exchange Theory. Depending on how stakeholders understand the way in which the HRM system is implemented and the level of POS, certain ERs are developed and explain employees' responses in terms of OCB and IR behaviors.JEL CLASSIFICATION: M1.

Based on her earlier work on the city of Rheims in Champagne, France—a Family Reconstitution study covering all social scales—the article proposes a new comprehensive classification of reconstructed female life courses from the author's existing and refreshed nominative database (1668–1802). This fresh scrutiny of digital files will allow series of qualitative and quantitative approaches, making hopefully preindustrial urban women at last visible along their individual life-trajectory. Thanks to rich archival sources, socio-demographic trends are better known, including a general early shift to contraceptive behaviour in pre-1789 Rheims. At the end of the Ancien Régime, there was growing individual female labour migration to this major town of Western Europe. It was attracted by domestic service and the textile sector. The sex ratio became so unbalanced that many women remained single, and only a few widows remarried. Numerous women managed their living without a husband, through the many economic and sanitary crises which characterised the period.

Innovation systems operate in specific regional, political, social and economic contexts and are influenced by their environment. The internal structures and processes of a technological innovation system (TIS) are usually well understood in the literature, but what is happening outside and across the boundaries of the system is less systematically considered. This paper tries to fill this gap by combining the TIS concept and multi-level perspective (MLP) in studying problems impeding the development of photovoltaic technology in Iran. Considering MLP, this paper firstly identifies the most influential macro factors on photovoltaics TIS by studying the literature and semi-structured interviews. Then, the relationships between these factors were explained using the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) technique. We used cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification or MICMAC analysis to better understand the dependence power and driver power of those variables. The results illustrate that government policies, oil crisis, economic growth, and downturn are the most influential macro factors in photovoltaics TIS in Iran.

Innovation systems operate in specific regional, political, social and economic contexts and are influenced by their environment. The internal structures and processes of a technological innovation system (TIS) are usually well understood in the literature, but what is happening outside and across the boundaries of the system is less systematically considered. This paper tries to fill this gap by combining the TIS concept and multi-level perspective (MLP) in studying problems impeding the development of photovoltaic technology in Iran. Considering MLP, this paper firstly identifies the most influential macro factors on photovoltaics TIS by studying the literature and semi-structured interviews. Then, the relationships between these factors were explained using the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) technique. We used cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification or MICMAC analysis to better understand the dependence power and driver power of those variables. The results illustrate that government policies, oil crisis, economic growth, and downturn are the most influential macro factors in photovoltaics TIS in Iran.

The new communication paradigm supported by Information and Communication Technology (ICT) puts end-users at the center of innovation processes, thereby shifting the emphasis from technology to people. Citizen centric approaches such as New Public Governance and Open Government in the public management research suggest that government alone cannot be responsible for creating public value. Traditional approaches to public engagement and governmental reforms remain relevant, however our research is more interested in the ability of a networked society to resolve social problems for itself, i.e., without government intervention. In seeking to gain insights into bottom up co-creation processes, this paper aims to collect and generalize information on the international civic technology platforms by focusing on three dimensions: identification of the objectives (content), classification of main stakeholder groups (actors), and definition of co-creative methods (processes). In view of a paucity of research on Civic Technologies, the content analysis will extend the understanding of this growing field and allow us to identify the patterns in their development.

The new communication paradigm supported by Information and Communication Technology (ICT) puts end-users at the center of innovation processes, thereby shifting the emphasis from technology to people. Citizen centric approaches such as New Public Governance and Open Government in the public management research suggest that government alone cannot be responsible for creating public value. Traditional approaches to public engagement and governmental reforms remain relevant, however our research is more interested in the ability of a networked society to resolve social problems for itself, i.e., without government intervention. In seeking to gain insights into bottom up co-creation processes, this paper aims to collect and generalize information on the international civic technology platforms by focusing on three dimensions: identification of the objectives (content), classification of main stakeholder groups (actors), and definition of co-creative methods (processes). In view of a paucity of research on Civic Technologies, the content analysis will extend the understanding of this growing field and allow us to identify the patterns in their development.

This paper examines the effect of the 2008 employment package on the gender employment gap in Turkey. The package introduced subsidies for the employment of women in all 81 provinces. However, positive discrimination was only effective in the provinces that did not benefit from social security contribution cuts under a previous subsidy scheme. Using a difference-in-differences analysis, I find that those provinces saw a 5.1 percent higher increase in the female share of employment in comparison with provinces where positive discrimination was not in force. Moreover, the effectiveness of the package is not lower in more conservative provinces, where conservatism is measured by the percentage of early marriages, gender inequality, and gender empowerment indices. The study concludes that the 2008 employment package was successful in closing the gender gap, even in more conservative provinces. By showing that a demand-side intervention can overcome the cultural constraints, it offers valuable insights to policy-makers interested in pursuing policies related to disadvantaged groups, particularly women. JEL Classification: C31, J08, J21, Z10

The essence of political technologies is considered. In the article the wide treatment of concept «political technologies» is given. Possibility of their use and application in sphere of influence on public consciousness is proved; the reasons of their origin are established. Specificity of technologies as special sphere of activity is proved, their classification is resulted. Necessity of application of appropriate political technologies for Ukraine is specified. Key words: political technologies, technical operation of social technologies impact on mass consciousness, methods of action, administrative situations, public activities, the system methods. ; Розглянуто сутність політичних технологій. У статі наведене широке трактування поняття «політичні технології». Доведена можливість їх використання та застосування у сфері впливу на суспільну свідомість, виявлені причини їх виникнення. Обґрунтована специфіка технологій як особливої галузі діяльності, наведена їх класифікація. Зазначена необхідність застосування належних політичних технологій в Україні. Ключові слова: політичні технології, технічна операція, соціальні технології, вплив на масову свідомість, методика дії, управлінська ситуація, публічна діяльність, система методів.

The Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) is a world-class metallogenic province with volcanogenic massive sulphide ore deposits. Most ore exploitation occurred since pre-Roman time, creating extensive galleries, wells, waste-dumps and pit lakes. These last structures are a concern for their potential environmental impact because they accumulate large volumes of mine water affected acid mine drainage. The present work classifies the pit lakes based on the surface water hydrochemistry. Using the Ficklin diagram for classification, pit lake waters vary from acid, high-metal to high-acid, extreme-metal and exhibit similarities with other pit lakes from the Spanish sector of the IPB. ; This work was co-funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund, based on COMPETE 2020 - project ICT (UID/GEO/04683/2013) with reference POCI-010145-FEDER-007690 and project Nano-MINENV number 029259. Patricia Gomes wishes to acknowledge FCT by the research fellowship under the POCH supported by the European Social Fund and National Funds of MCTES with reference ...

The development policy in Maluku Province cannot separate from the small islands that dominate the areas. Its central potentials are in the field of fisheries, agriculture, and mining. This research aims to analyze the potentials of the leading sector and to formulate policy priorities for regional development in Maluku Province. The research used in this research is Location Quotient (LQ), Growth-Ratio Model (MRP), Overlay, SWOT and Analytic Network Process (ANP). The results showed that in Maluku Province there are eight economic categories that have base sectors. The result of Growth-Ratio Model (MRP) shows that the sector with the highest average the ratio of growth in the study area (RPs) is mining and quarrying sector. Furthermore, Overlay analysis shows that government administration, defense, social security sectors are obliged to contribute to and the highest growth. The result of SWOT-ANP shows that policy priority in regional development is the acceleration of infrastructure development. JEL Classification: E01, H70, R11

In this article rumors are investigated as a tool of political manipulation in modern Ukraine. Based on the analysis of current classification, author's gradation of rumors is made and it is linked to their role in forming information field in 2014 – first half of 2015. The article proves the theory that along with development of role of the Internet in communication, researchers get a new and quality analysis of rumors; estimate their effectiveness, audience, goals and coverage. Key words: political manipulation, technicians of a manipulation, social networks, rumors. ; У статті дається оцінка чуткам як інструменту політичних маніпуляцій у сучасній Україні. На основі аналізу існуючої класифікації пропонується авторська градація чуток в прив'язці до їх ролі у формуванні інформаційного поля 2014 – початку 2015 років. Стаття обґрунтовує тезу про те, що з розвитком ролі Інтернету в комунікаціях у дослідників з'являється можливість для якісного та кількісного аналізу чуток, оцінки їх ефективності в відповідно до цілей, аудиторії, покриття. Ключові слова: політичне маніпулювання, техніки маніпулювання, соціальні мережі, чутки.

Ever since Russian trolls have been brought into light, their interference in the 2016 US Presidential elections has been monitored and studied thoroughly. These Russian trolls have fake accounts registered on several major social media sites to influence public opinions. Our work involves trying to discover patterns in these tweets and classifying them by using different machine learning approaches such as Support Vector Machines, Word2vec and neural network models, and then creating a benchmark to compare all the different models. Two machine learning models are developed for this purpose. The first one is used to classify any given specific tweet as either troll or non-troll tweet. The second model classifies specific tweets as coming from left trolls or right trolls, based on apparent extreme political orientation. Several kinds of statistical analysis on these tweets are performed based on the tweets and their classifications. Further, an analysis of the machine learning algorithms, using several performance criteria, is presented.

Language politeness is the starting point of acceptance in speech events (Sumarlam., 2017:181). There are good intentions are meant or delivered in unfavorable or impolite ways, both in terms of word choice and external factors (intonation, mimic, pantomimic, etc.) will be interpreted differently. The data in this research is oral speech in the form of caption or writing contains cultural greetings Arek. It can be seen from the classification of data posting in account instagram @aslisuroboyo. Phatic communication of the Arek culture society consists of rek, arek, ndasmu, koen, cok, ndeng, a, gaes, lur, jembuk, bez. It uses the scale of language politeness from Brown and Levinson skala the speaker and hearer relative power (the scale of social status ratings between speakers and speech partners or commonly referred to as the rank scale of power or power rating) and the philanthropic scope of Robin Lakoff is the politeness scale of equality or kesekawanan refers to a friendly attitude and always maintain friendship between one person to another in order to be polite.

The aim of this article is to examine the changes in the sickness absence rate in Poland in 2005–2015 (in the period for which statistical data allowing for the calculation of this ratio are available) and, first of all, its territorial differentiation in 2012–2015. The research question has been formulated as follows: what are the factors which determine the changes in the absence rate within time (on the whole country level) and in 16 Polish regions? In accordance with the literature review performed, the analyses have covered health (self‑evaluation of health condition, subjective assessment of conditions and quality of living, the mortality in the event of incidence of certain illnesses) as well as social and economic factors (structure of population according to age and sex, the income of households, subjective assessment of the material situation, poverty level, unemployment rate, employment structure according to NACE classification and structure of population according to the education level) which may affect the changes within time and the regional differentiation of the sickness absence rate.

A number of studies identify racial and class differences in disciplinary actions and teacher-student interactions; however, scholars place less emphasis on how race and class intersect to shape classifications of teacher-student relations. Using findings from an ethnographic study in a high school with significant racial and class stratification, I examine how teachers and black students of varying social-class backgrounds describe teacher-student relations and academic disparities. I show how middle-class and some working-class Honors black students shared their teachers' discourse about urban poor disengagement and "black" misbehavior with teachers. Meanwhile, working-class (primarily non-Honors) black students called out teacher mistreatment in light of experiencing punitive relations and problems with teachers. Some of their peers and teachers interpreted such calls of racism as "making excuses" for disengagement. Using Bourdieu's concepts of symbolic violence and misrecognition, I demonstrate the power of language about black student-teacher relations as school actors routinely legitimate race-class stereotypes in a diverse school.