The 25th Anniversary of the Schengen Area and the Impact of COVID-19
The analysis is concerned with the current state of the Schengen Area, its legal and institutional framework, as well as the impact of COVID-19 on its functioning. The paper demonstrates that COVID -19 has forced EU Member States to adopt unprecedented measures on mobility restriction. The author distinguishes three groups of measures in response to the COVID -19 pandemic: the temporary reintroduction of border controls at internal borders; a ban on crossing internal borders; a ban on entering into the EU for third-country nationals. All measures were taken on a national level; EU institutions do not have enough competence in this sphere, which is why they have mostly played a coordinating role. Moreover, the pandemic increases the deficit of solidarity between EU Member States. The author concludes that the COVID -19 pandemic demonstrates that the EU needs more powers to react in such a situation. Thus, the EU has to create additional legal instruments for the realization of a common policy on crises affecting the Schengen Area. ; Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Russia ; Vadim V. Voynikov – Doctor of Sciences (Law), Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (Russia), Professor, Chair of International and European Law; MGIMO University (Russia), Professor, Chair of European Law. ; voinicov@yandex.ru ; 37 ; 47 ; 1 ; Carrera S. and Luk N.Ch., Love thy neighbour? Coronavirus politics and their impact on EU freedoms and rule of law in the Schengen Area. CEPS. No. 2020–04, April 2020. URL: https://www.ceps.eu/cepspublications/love-thy-neighbour/. ; De Somer M., Schengen isn't dead – yet. The real test will be dismantling border controls again. 03/04/2020. URL: https://www.euronews.com/2020/04/03/schengen-isn-t-dead-yet-the-realtest-is-still-to-come-view. ; Hailbronner K, Thym D., EU Immigration and Asylum Law. Commentary, 2th edition (C.H. Beck/Hart/Nomos, 2016; EU immigration and asylum law: text and Commentary / ed. by Steve Peers and Nicola Rogers. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff , 2006. ; Hruschka C., The pandemic kills also the European solidarity. URL: http://eumigrationlawblog.eu/the-pandemic-kills-also-the-european-solidarity/ ; Pimor A., Solidarity was a founding principle of European unity – it must remain so. URL: http://theconversation.com/solidarity-was-a-founding-principle-of-european-unity-it-mustremain-so-74580. ; Sangiovanni A., 'Solidarity in the European Union', (2013) 33 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies. ; Thym D., Travel Bans in Europe: A Legal Appraisal (Part I). URL: http://eumigrationlawblog.eu/travel-bans-in-europe-a-legal-appraisal-part-i/. ; Thym D., Travel Bans in Europe: A Legal Appraisal (Part II). URL: http://eumigrationlawblog.eu/travelbans-in-europe-a-legal-appraisal-part-ii/ . ; Thym D., Th e Schengen Law: A Challenge for Legal Accountability in the European Union. European Law Journal. 8/2008. ; Бабынина Л.О., Коронавирус: что может сделать и делает Европейский союз// Аналитическая записка (Babynina L.O., Koronavirus: czto mozet sdielat i dielaiet Evropieiskii soiuz//Analititcheskaia zapiska) №12, 2020 (№195). URL: http://www.instituteofeurope.ru/images/ uploads/analitika/2020/an195.pdf. ; Бирюков М.М., Европейское право до и после Лиссабонского договора. М.: Научная книга, 2010 (Biriukov M.M. Evropieiskoie prawo do i posle Lissabonskogo dogovora. M.: Naucznaia kniga, 2010). ; Потемкина О.Ю., Влияние COVID -19 на свободу передвижения и миграцию в Евросоюзе // Научно -аналитический вестник ИЕ РАН (Potiomkina O.I. Vliianie COVID -19 na svobodu pieredvizenia i migraciu v Evropie// Nauczno -analititcheskii vestnik IE RAN), 2020, №3. URL: http://vestnikieran.instituteofeurope.ru/images/Potemkina32020.pdf . ; Потемкина О.Ю., Европейский союз: ограничение передвижения граждан как средство борьбы с COVID-19. Аналитическая записка (Potiomkina O.I., Evropieiskii soiuz: ogranitchenie pieredvizenia grazdan kak sredstvo borby s COVID-19. Analititcheskaia zapiska) № 14, 2020 (№197). URL: http://instituteofeurope.ru/images/uploads/analitika/2020/an197.pdf. ; Потемкина О.Ю., Войников В.В., Понятие и содержание шенгенского права // Актуальные проблемы совершенствования законодательства и правоприменительной практики на современном этапе: материалы межвузовской конференции / под общ. ред. О.А. Заячковского. Калининград: Изд -во КГУ (Potiomkina O.I., Voinicov. V.V., Poniatie i sodierzanie Tchengenskogo prava// Aktualnyie problemy sovertchenstvovania zakonodatielstva i pravoprimienitielnoi praktyki na sovriemiennom etapie: matierialy miezvuzovskoi konfierencii/ ed. by O.A. Zaiatchkovski. Kalningrad, Izd -vo KGU), 2004. С. 60–70. ; Право Европейского Союза: учебник / под ред. проф. С.Ю. Кашкина. (Pravo Evropieiskogo Coiuza: utchebnik/ ed. by S.I. Kaszkin), 2002. ; 26