Suchergebnisse

The birth of democracy in South Africa and the subsequent economic boom have made the country a prospective haven for many Africans willing or forced to leave their countries. Johannesburg has maintained its reputation as a city where everything is possible and accessible. Berea, Hillbrow, and Yeoville have become destinations for both internal and international (cross-border) migrants as a consequence of their proximity to the city center. However, migrant populations face obstacles that limit access to basic services such as health care, housing, transportation, employment, credit, and security. Asylum-seekers, refugees, and the undocumented are particularly vulnerable and at risk of discrimination. The Population Council and the Ford Foundation conducted a needs assessment to identify and document key social, legal, economic, and health-related issues affecting the populations in the inner city of Johannesburg. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to explore their needs, health-seeking behavior, capabilities, social networking, and coping strategies. As noted in this research summary, the goal was to understand these experiences and challenges from the migrants' perspective to help develop appropriate interventions to meet their needs.

This article focuses on the relation between mobility and assimilation among the Roma. Quantitative results from UNDP research in four Central and Eastern Europe countries provide new data and show the need for a new conceptualization of the evidence. These results demonstrate that there are no significant data to confirm the existence of a straight-line process of assimilation in the Roma case. Thus, they question the canonical theory of assimilation by demonstrating that middle-class Roma tend not to leave their identity behind. I propose the need for a segmented theory of the different upward mobility paths that Roma people tend to follow. In a complementary way, the observed results also point out the need to take into account some variations in Roma ethnic identity depending on the source of ethnic data, how they are collected and the implications for research in the different national contexts explored.

Die Bundesregierung hat den Arbeitsmarkt für Ingenieure aus den mittel- und osteuropäischen EU-Beitrittsstaaten zum 1. November geöffnet. Damit reagierte Deutschland auf den derzeitigen Fachkräftemangel, der nach Schätzungen des Instituts der Deutschen Wirtschaft die einheimische Volkswirtschaft 20 Milliarden Euro im Jahr kosten könnte. Gesucht werden allerdings nur Spezialisten der Fachrichtungen "Maschinenbau" und "Elektrotechnik", denen von diesem Datum an keine bürokratischen Steine mehr in den Weg gelegt werden. Polen ist das Land, das von dieser Entscheidung am stärksten betroffen ist, weil es mit knapp 38 Millionen Einwohnern über den größten Markt an Arbeitskräften in der Region verfügt. Nach ersten Umfragen hat Deutschland damit bei den Betroffenen aber kaum Begeisterungsstürme ausgelöst.

Die Studie thematisiert die multikulturelle Gesellschaft. Es werden Begriffe erörtert und Phänomene vorgestellt. Philosophische Ansätze (u. a. Platon, Spinoza, Foucault, Rawls) zeigen, dass die westlichen Gesellschaften auf Multikulturalität nie völlig unvorbereitet waren. Hierzu gehören die Sorge um Fremde, ein Denken in Gleichordnung sowie die Erinnerung an die eigene Geschichte. Die Studie mündet in Verhaltensregeln für das Leben mit Multikulturalität.

En este documento se analizan los mecanismos de migración relacionados con la ampliación de la Unión Europea (UE) que tendrá lugar próximamente. En él se muestra que la forma más eficaz de evitar un desplazamiento masivo de población hacia Europa Occidental es un firme compromiso de reducir las desigualdades económicas existentes entre los actuales miembros de la UE y los diez países de próxima incorporación. La migración laboral puede concebirse como una decisión motivada por la existencia de incentivos económicos tanto en el lugar de origen como en el de destino. Existe el temor de que las importantes diferencias económicas entre Europa Occidental y Oriental puedan provocar una ola de emigración a gran escala cuando los diez nuevos países entren a formar parte de la UE en 2004. Este análisis confirma que dicho temor no es infundado. No obstante, también muestra que una emigración a gran escala podría evitarse si se reducen las diferencias económicas.

Results of a 1989 mail survey of Chinese students (N = 568) studying on 10 US campuses indicate that the Tiananmen Square incident has seriously undermined the students' confidence & faith in their home government & that most students planned to stay abroad until the home political situation significantly improves. Difficulties in bringing students home after their overseas education include: the influence of families on students abroad, foreign influences, insufficient incentives to return, China's limited control over its students abroad, & China's limited influence with foreign governments. In reassessing its policy on foreign study, the Chinese government is considering a number of policy options both to reduce the opportunities for further brain drain in overseas education & to attract students to return home from abroad. Policy options discussed include: replacing students with visiting scholars, shifting host countries (eg, to the former Soviet republics), continuing the previous policy of foreign education, adopting a laissez-faire policy toward study abroad, establishing Hong Kong as a site for special administrative work for returning students. Adapted from the source document.