Suchergebnisse

This volume examines the rise of online memorial groups - virtual communities formed in the aftermath of tragic events - speaking to the notion that individual expression has become more visible and ubiquitous than ever before within a communication context. The book asserts the audience as decidedly active with users seeking a robust platform for expression and takes particular care to consider the central role of communication technology in the ways that individuals are remembering and forgetting in the aftermath of crises. This emerging social practice has profound implications for journalists, journalism scholars, and journalism educators.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic is a worldwide public health emergency, which forced the Italian Government to deliberate unprecedented actions, including quarantine, with a relevant impact on the population. The present study is the first Italian nationwide survey within the first period of the COVID-19 outbreak aimed to understand the social and psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods An online survey collected information on socio-demographic data, history of direct or indirect contact with COVID-19, and other information concerning the COVID-19 emergency. The General Psychological Well-Being Index and a modified version of the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 focused on COVID-19 experience assessed the general psychological condition of the respondents. Findings Of 1639 respondents equally distributed in the Italian territory, 5.1% reported PTSD symptomatology, and 48.2% evidenced lower psychological well-being linked to COVID-19 diffusion. Lower psychological well-being was significantly higher in women, younger than 50 years old, and with health risk factors. Lower psychological well-being was also detected in individuals who did not know if they were infected, who have had direct exposure or were uncertain about their exposure to COVID-19, or who knew people affected. Regarding the social and behavioral consequences, respondents perceived worsening in demographic, economic, social, and relational conditions, and reported an increase in film viewing, cookhouse time, using social media, and a decrease in physical activity. Interpretation COVID-19 pandemic appears to be a risk factor for psychological diseases in the Italian population, as previously reported in the Chinese population. About half of the respondents reported a significant psychological impact. Moreover, we confirmed the role of restraining measures that have to allow modifying lifestyles, social perception, and confidence in the institutions. These results underline the need for further studies aimed to develop psychological interventions to minimize the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.

This volume is intended to be a contribution to the rapidly growing field of research into Cognitive Sociolinguistics which draws on the convergence of methods and theoretical frameworks typically associated with Cognitive Linguistics and Sociolinguistics. The papers in this volume, written by internationally renowned scholars in the fields of sociolinguistics (e.g. Labov) and cognitive sociolinguistics, seek to explore and systematize the key theoretical and epistemological bases for the emergence of this socio-cognitive paradigm. More specifically, the papers, originally published in Review of Cognitive Linguistics 10:2 (2012), focus on terms and concepts which are foundational to the discussion of Cognitive Sociolinguistics such as the role of cognition in the sociolinguistic enterprise; the social recontextualization of cognition; variability in cognitive systems; usage-based conceptions of language; pragmatic variation and cultural models of thought; cultural conceptualizations and lexicography as well as cognitive processing models and perceptual dialectology. All the papers are anchored in instrumental empirical data analysis. The volume provides a welcome contribution to the field for anyone interested in Cognitive Linguistics and its new developments. The seven papers included in this book were originally presented at the 34th International LAUD Symposium on Cognitive Sociolinguistics, which took place in March 2010 at the University of Koblenz-Landau (Germany).

'The apple doesn't fall far from the tree', 'Like father like son', 'Chip off the old block'. All these idioms seem to suggest that offspring resemble their parents and this also applies to criminal behaviour. This dissertation investigates mechanisms that might explain why children with criminal parents have a higher risk of committing crime. Several explanations for this intergenerational transmission have been contrasted, such as social learning (imitation of behaviour), official bias against certain families, and transmission of risk factors. Sytske Besemer investigated this in England as

Abstract: Measures introduced to tackle anti‐social behaviour have been described as crime control through the coming together of social housing management and policing. This suggests that a new form of social control is coming into effect. Taking Cohen's classic analysis of social control, it is possible to discern the extent to which the control of anti‐social behaviour is characterised by a blurring of boundaries, behaviourism, mesh‐thinning and net‐widening. This leads to a discussion of the inclusionary and exclusionary aspects of anti‐social behaviour as a phenomenon which is linked to the changing constellation of 'care and control' professions.

The article is based on the presumption that contemporary security crises are increasingly and explicitly marked by growth in quantity and important changes in quality as displayed in the endemicity of crises, their composition, duration and complexity. It is a tendency of great contemporary crises that their effects reach beyond national borders, that they expand from one social field to another, and that they connect with existing social problems which are then further exacerbated. The changing dimensions of modern crises have a direct influence on crisis management. Its conventional organization and co-ordination forms are no longer adequate, a rethinking of politics and the capacity of crisis response is needed that takes both the national and international levels of the problem into account. The stated characteristics of a crisis and crisis management are also a concern of Slovenia, which has relatively well-developed crisis management within individual governmental agencies but has not yet established the appropriate coordination between them, i.e. on the national, strategic level. The article comprises a brief theoretical introduction to crisis and crisis management, followed by the results of an analysis of the legal structure regulating this field in Slovenia. It also offers subjective viewpoints of senior state officials on crisis management, selected functional aspects of crisis management, and final conclusions.

We live in an information society, or so we are often told. But what does that mean? This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series offers a concise, informal account of the ways in which information and society are related and of our ever-increasing dependence on a complex multiplicity of messages, records, documents, and data. Using information in its everyday, nonspecialized sense, Michael Buckland explores the influence of information on what we know, the role of communication and recorded information in our daily lives, and the difficulty (or ease) of finding information. He shows that all this involves human perception, social behavior, changing technologies, and issues of trust. Buckland argues that every society is an "information society"; a "non-information society" would be a contradiction in terms. But the shift from oral and gestural communication to documents, and the wider use of documents facilitated by new technologies, have made our society particularly information intensive. Buckland describes the rising flood of data, documents, and records, outlines the dramatic long-term growth of documents, and traces the rise of techniques to cope with them. He examines the physical manifestation of information as documents, the emergence of data sets, and how documents and data are discovered and used. He explores what individuals and societies do with information; offers a basic summary of how collected documents are arranged and described; considers the nature of naming; explains the uses of metadata; and evaluates selection methods, considering relevance, recall, and precision.

In the article an attempt to analyze of social and political consequences of migratory behaviour in the contemporary globalized world is performed. Types of migratory behaviour, the immediate and deferred effects of migration are considered. The author notes that the multidimensional nature of contemporary compelled migration requires further interdisciplinary study and provides creation a common migration policy of the recipient countries. Prospects of further analysis are seen in developing approaches to solving the problem of mutual adaptation of the valuable component of social interaction between migrants and societies recipient. Key words: migration, compelled migration, migrants, migration policy, the European Union, cultural injury, human rights. ; У статті здійснюється спроба аналізу соціально-політичних наслідків міграційної поведінки у сучасному глобалізованому світі. З'ясовуються типи міграційної поведінки, безпосередні та відтерміновані наслідки міграції. Автор зазначає, що багатоаспектний характер сучасної вимушеної міграції потребує подальшого міждисциплінарного вивчення та вимагає створення єдиної міграційної політики держав-реципієнтів. Перспективи подальшого аналізу вбачаються у розробці підходів до вирішення проблеми взаємної адаптації ціннісного компоненту соціальної взаємодії мігрантів і суспільств-реципієнтів. Ключові слова: міграція, вимушена міграція, мігранти, міграційна політика, країни Європейського союзу, культурна травма, права людини. В статье осуществляется попытка анализа социально-политических последствий миграционного поведения в современном глобализированом мире. Рассматриваются типы миграционного поведения, непосредственные и отсроченные последствия миграции. Автор отмечает, что многоаспектный характер современной вынужденной миграции требует дальнейшего междисциплинарного изучения и предусматривает создание единой миграционной политики стран-реципиентов. Перспективы дальнейшего анализа видятся в разработке подходов к решению проблемы взаимной адаптации ценностного компонента социального взаимодействия мигрантов и обществ-реципиентов. Ключевые слова: миграция, вынужденная миграция, мигранты, миграционная политика, страны Европейского союзу, культурные травма, права человека. In the article an attempt to analyze of social and political consequences of migratory behaviour in the contemporary globalized world is performed. Types of migratory behaviour, the immediate and deferred effects of migration are considered. The author notes that the multidimensional nature of contemporary compelled migration requires further interdisciplinary study and provides creation a common migration policy of the recipient countries. Prospects of further analysis are seen in developing approaches to solving the problem of mutual adaptation of the valuable component of social interaction between migrants and societies recipient. Key words: migration, compelled migration, migrants, migration policy, the European Union, cultural injury, human rights.