Suchergebnisse

PurposeResearchers have long sought to understand how risks in supply chains (SCs) affect firm performance. Yet, they have not fully subjected claims of how SC risks affect firm financial performance to theoretical and empirical scrutiny. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the links between SC risks and firm financial performance.Design/methodology/approachThe author analyzes how SC risks affect firm financial performance from the perspective of marginal financial performance (MFP) using survey and financial statement data. The author employs structural equation modeling to examine the hypotheses using 106 Taiwanese listed companies across 20 industries.FindingsThe findings regarding the importance of industry-specific risk, organizational risk, internal business process risk, and demand risk are consistent with prior studies. The author finds that demand risk has an MFP of −0.20, the highest negative effect among the risk variables. The findings also show that industry-specific risk possesses an MFP of −0.16, the second-highest negative effect, despite having no direct effect on financial performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper examines how SC risks affect MFP via combining survey and financial statement data. It does not assume the reported MFP estimates apply to all businesses in other countries. However, future research could triangulate our findings.Originality/valueThis study combines survey and financial data to analyze how SC risks affect firm financial performance. Specifically, it provides a methodology for estimating quantitative cause-effect relationships between SC risk and firm financial performance, an important topic that receives less research interest in the field of supply chain management.

The article is considered meaning of grounds and realization freedom of speech inthe Internet. The author studies issue of guarantees of the right to freedom of expression in online-information sources in the context of democratic state. The presently valid legislation of Ukraine, arrangement of detection of balance between state interests and citizens' rights on the example of foreign countries is analysed by the author. Based on instances given the author pays attention toexisting problems of implementation of rights to freedom of expression, proposes ways of possible legal regulation of information online-space with consideration of required observance of human rights. ; Рассмотрено содержание основ реализации права на свободу слова в Интернете. Исследованы гарантии права на свободное выражение взглядов в режиме онлайн в демократическом государстве. Проанализированы предписания и положения действующего законодательства Украины, механизмы выявления баланса между государственными интересами и правами граждан на примере зарубежных стран. Акцентировано внимание на существующих проблемах обеспечения права на свободу выражения мнений в Интернете; предложены пути возможного правового регулирования информационного онлайн-пространства с учетом обязательного соблюдения прав человека. ; Розглянуто зміст засад реалізації права на свободу слова в Інтернеті. Досліджено гарантії права на вільне вираження поглядів у режимі онлайн у демократичній державі. Проаналізовано приписи і положення чинного законодавства України, механізми виявлення балансу між державними інтересами і правами громадян на прикладі зарубіжних країн. Акцентовано на існуючих проблемах забезпечення права на свободу вираження поглядів в Інтернеті; запропоновано шляхи можливого правового регулювання інформаційного онлайн простору з огляду на обов'язкове дотримання прав людини.

In this paper, the author points to the outdated textbook classification of states into three groups, according to whether they have carried out the codification of administrative procedure or not. The first group includes the states that have administrative procedures fully codified. The second group comprises the states with the so-called mixed systems, which have uncodified procedural regulations related to the administration, while the third group contains a few states that do not have administrative procedural regulations at all. The author analyzes recent changes in this highly dynamic field in order to specify general patterns, common characteristics and peculiarities of regulations of general administrative procedure in contemporary states. The paper especially points to the general acceptance of the concept of administrative act but also underscores the differences in its content in various legal systems. The author has identified and analyzed some smaller standalone trends, such as: the increasing complexity of administrative procedures along the lines of judicial procedures, and the most recent deviations from this trend; the increasing presence of administrative contracting and other forms of alternative dispute resolutions of administrative matters; and the growing insistence on the principle of citizens' participation in administrative proceedings. The goal of the analysis is to determine the degree of influence of the Global and European administrative law on the national regulations, to explore the activities of certain expert organizations bringing together a number of experts in the field of comparative administrative law, and to discuss the course of the latest regulations in this area.

The author justifies the rudimentary thesis of the paper: in the circumstances of neophilological training the acquisition of skills of respectable intercultural communication is limited. The boundaries of these limitations are given by: 1) the reduction of the use of foreign language to a basic linguistic competence, 2) the restriction of domains of communication mainly to behavioral activities, 3) socio-cultural requirement of obeying norms of political correctness, 4) the certain level of feeling of foreignness in the interpersonal relations. ; The author justifies the rudimentary thesis of the paper: in the circumstances of neophilological training the acquisition of skills of respectable intercultural communication is limited. The boundaries of these limitations are given by: 1) the reduction of the use of foreign language to a basic linguistic competence, 2) the restriction of domains of communication mainly to behavioral activities, 3) socio-cultural requirement of obeying norms of political correctness, 4) the certain level of feeling of foreignness in the interpersonal relations. ; The author justifies the rudimentary thesis of the paper: in the circumstances of neophilological training the acquisition of skills of respectable intercultural communication is limited. The boundaries of these limitations are given by: 1) the reduction of the use of foreign language to a basic linguistic competence, 2) the restriction of domains of communication mainly to behavioral activities, 3) socio-cultural requirement of obeying norms of political correctness, 4) the certain level of feeling of foreignness in the interpersonal relations

The article presents various links between business and ethics. The idea of responsibility, used to describe legal, economic and ethical aspects, forms the main, unifying thread. The author employs it to analyze three spheres of human activity. The first sphere, the subjective one, concerns self-responsibility, when individuals are striving to satisfy their own needs and to achieve happiness. The second, the encounter with the Other, embraces two meanings: responsibility for and towards the Other. The third sphere, the social one, extends the idea of responsibility onto the historical community we belong to. The concept of co-responsibility is not confined to our life span, but it embraces the future generations as well. The author pinpoints an important element in creating the foundations of a given community, i.e., regulations that form its basis, especially the principle of justice, encompassing the distribution of goods. Many contemporary authors underline this ethical, political and economic aspect (Rawls, communitarians, Ricoeur, Habermas). The main thesis the author would like to substantiate is as follows: in business activities, the ethical conduct of an individual is not sufficient. It needs to be broadened to encompass other perspectives since contemporary societies are based on the multidimensional idea of co-responsibility. ; Publication of English-language versions of the volumes of the "Annales. Ethics in Economic Life" financed through contract no. 501/1/P-DUN/2017 from the funds of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education devoted to the promotion of scholarship.

В статье анализируются отдельные проблемы обеспечения процессуальной самостоятельности следователя в российском уголовном процессе. Автор отмечает непоследовательность и противоречивость норм современного российского уголовно-процессуального законодательства, регулирующих участие следователя в производстве по уголовному делу, что порождает проблемы в практике их применения. Недостатки уголовно-процессуального законодательства рассматриваются как один из факторов, снижающих процессуальную самостоятельность следователя. В статье исследуется влияние на процессуальную самостоятельность следователя ведомственного и судебного контроля, а также прокурорского надзора, при этом усмотрение следователя принимается как основная форма реализации его процессуальной самостоятельности. Внимание читателя акцентируется на значительной дискуссионности данных вопросов. Подводя итог, автор вносит предложения по совершенствованию российского уголовно-процессуального законодательства и устранению дублирующего контроля за деятельностью следователя. ; The article analyzes certain problems of ensuring the procedural independence of an investigator in the Russian criminal process. The author notes the inner inconsistency of the norms of modern Russian criminal procedural legislation concerning the participation of an investigator in criminal proceedings, which raises problems when trying to apply said norms practically. The author also claims these issues of the criminal procedural legislation to be one of the factors reducing the procedural independence of an investigator. The article examines the influence of prosecutors supervision, as well as departmental and judicial control on the procedural independence of an investigator. There is an emphasis on the considerable debatableness of these issues. The article sees the investigator's discretion as the main way of realizing his procedural independence. Summing up, the author makes proposals on improving Russian criminal procedure legislation and disposing of duplicate control over the investigator's activities.

Peace and stability are the basis for sustainable development, globalization and integration are imperative to the modern world. European integration is the best alternative for the future of the Republic of Macedonia and the Balkans. Membership in NATO and the European Union is its strategic goal. Within the framework of this paper, the author will elaborate the security policy of the Republic of Macedonia, which includes the following contents: Respect for human rights, economic prosperity, social stability, the development of democracy and the rule of law, pro-European foreign policy and the promotion of relations and cooperation with influential subjects in the international community, with neighboring and other countries in the region. In order to achieve the fundamental values such as the rule of law, promoting democracy and respecting the generally accepted norms of international law, the author will elaborate the first chapter of the national conception of security and defense, entitled "Interests of the Republic of Macedonia". At the end of the paper, the author will analyze some security issues related to the reform process in the country's security system. The subject of research is the security policy of the Republic of Macedonia and its contribution to the construction and promotion of national, regional and global security. The purpose of this paper is to approach the meaning of the notion of security policy to the professional and scientific community. Keywords: security policy, interests of the state, lasting interest, vital interest, important interests

Розглянуто зміст засад реалізації права на свободу слова в Інтернеті. Досліджено гарантії права на вільне вираження поглядів у режимі онлайн у демократичній державі. Проаналізовано приписи і положення чинного законодавства України, механізми виявлення балансу між державними інтересами і правами громадян на прикладі зарубіжних країн. Акцентовано на існуючих проблемах забезпечення права на свободу вираження поглядів в Інтернеті; запропоновано шляхи можливого правового регулювання інформаційного онлайн простору з огляду на обов'язкове дотримання прав людини. ; Рассмотрено содержание основ реализации права на свободу слова в Интернете. Исследованы гарантии права на свободное выражение взглядов в режиме онлайн в демократическом государстве. Проанализированы предписания и положения действующего законодательства Украины, механизмы выявления баланса между государственными интересами и правами граждан на примере зарубежных стран. Акцентировано внимание на существующих проблемах обеспечения права на свободу выражения мнений в Интернете; предложены пути возможного правового регулирования информационного онлайн-пространства с учетом обязательного соблюдения прав человека. ; The article is considered meaning of grounds and realization freedom of speech inthe Internet. The author studies issue of guarantees of the right to freedom of expression in online-information sources in the context of democratic state. The presently valid legislation of Ukraine, arrangement of detection of balance between state interests and citizens' rights on the example of foreign countries is analysed by the author. Based on instances given the author pays attention toexisting problems of implementation of rights to freedom of expression, proposes ways of possible legal regulation of information online-space with consideration of required observance of human rights.

The author of the article studies the processes taking place in publishing inUkraineat the time of Ukrainian revolution, analyzes positive and negative tendencies, problems, failures and factors that caused them. The author sets and carries out the tasks to analyze the situation with national publishing in the 1917–1920s, to formulate the key-aspects in publishing sphere of state policy of different governments, to specify the results of government programs implementation. The beginning of the 1917th witnesses stormy growth of national publishing if compared with previous years, no matter which politicians came to power.All the pro-Ukrainian governments understood the importance of printed word for national statehood development and made every effort to support Ukrainian publishing, paying special attention to schoolbooks and belles-lettres. Notwithstanding extreme financial situation, the majority of governments tried to support publishing houses, facilitating the development of Ukrainian-language book publishing not only in the country itself, but beyond its borders as well.The author of the article states, that the 1918–1919s were the most fruitful years for Ukrainian language book publishing due to well-thought-out protectionist policy of Ukrainian governments in the times of Central Council (Rada) and Hetmanship. Starting with 1919 one can observe the growth of Russian-language printed products segment and in 1920 its development becomes stable. This is the period when Bolsheviks came to power. ; У статті розглянуто розвиток українського книговидання 1917–1920 рр., а також заходи різних урядів на його підтримку, проаналізовано їхню результативність.

Recently, in Ukraine there is more intensive implementation of modern information technologies in the life of the state, particularly in the activities of internal affairs agencies of Ukraine in general and the National Police of Ukraine in particular. Considering the fact that modern technologies constantly progressing and this issue requires constant learning and improvement, the author of this scientific article has highlighted the relevant issues of informatization of police departments. In the light of recent tendencies the reform and modernization in the field of law enforcement activities the author emphasizes the importance of the issue of informatization of the units carrying out operative and search activities. The study also examined the latest relevant legislation, which was passed as a result of reforms in the country. The basic information subsystems of integrated information and search system of internal affairs agencies of Ukraine, which are provided with the information by criminal investigation units. Based on the conducted analysis the author has highlighted the main problems of information provision of operative units. ; Розглянуто актуальні питання інформатизації підрозділів ОВС. В умовах останніх тенденцій реформування та модернізації у сфері правоохоронної діяльності наголошено на значущості питання інформатизації підрозділів, що здійснюють оперативно-розшукову діяльність. Проаналізовано відповідне новітнє законодавство, яке було ухвалено в результаті проведених у державі реформ. Охарактеризовано основні інформаційні підсистеми Інтегрованої інформаційно-пошукової системи органів внутрішніх справ України, до яких підрозділи карного розшуку надають та вносять інформацію. На основі проведеного аналізу визначено основні проблеми інформаційного забезпечення оперативних підрозділів.

The author of the article studies the processes taking place in publishing inUkraineat the time of Ukrainian revolution, analyzes positive and negative tendencies, problems, failures and factors that caused them. The author sets and carries out the tasks to analyze the situation with national publishing in the 1917–1920s, to formulate the key-aspects in publishing sphere of state policy of different governments, to specify the results of government programs implementation. The beginning of the 1917th witnesses stormy growth of national publishing if compared with previous years, no matter which politicians came to power.All the pro-Ukrainian governments understood the importance of printed word for national statehood development and made every effort to support Ukrainian publishing, paying special attention to schoolbooks and belles-lettres. Notwithstanding extreme financial situation, the majority of governments tried to support publishing houses, facilitating the development of Ukrainian-language book publishing not only in the country itself, but beyond its borders as well.The author of the article states, that the 1918–1919s were the most fruitful years for Ukrainian language book publishing due to well-thought-out protectionist policy of Ukrainian governments in the times of Central Council (Rada) and Hetmanship. Starting with 1919 one can observe the growth of Russian-language printed products segment and in 1920 its development becomes stable. This is the period when Bolsheviks came to power. ; У статті розглянуто розвиток українського книговидання 1917–1920 рр., а також заходи різних урядів на його підтримку, проаналізовано їхню результативність.

The author of the article studies the processes taking place in publishing inUkraineat the time of Ukrainian revolution, analyzes positive and negative tendencies, problems, failures and factors that caused them. The author sets and carries out the tasks to analyze the situation with national publishing in the 1917–1920s, to formulate the key-aspects in publishing sphere of state policy of different governments, to specify the results of government programs implementation. The beginning of the 1917th witnesses stormy growth of national publishing if compared with previous years, no matter which politicians came to power.All the pro-Ukrainian governments understood the importance of printed word for national statehood development and made every effort to support Ukrainian publishing, paying special attention to schoolbooks and belles-lettres. Notwithstanding extreme financial situation, the majority of governments tried to support publishing houses, facilitating the development of Ukrainian-language book publishing not only in the country itself, but beyond its borders as well.The author of the article states, that the 1918–1919s were the most fruitful years for Ukrainian language book publishing due to well-thought-out protectionist policy of Ukrainian governments in the times of Central Council (Rada) and Hetmanship. Starting with 1919 one can observe the growth of Russian-language printed products segment and in 1920 its development becomes stable. This is the period when Bolsheviks came to power. ; У статті розглянуто розвиток українського книговидання 1917–1920 рр., а також заходи різних урядів на його підтримку, проаналізовано їхню результативність.

Geopolitical voice of the postcolonial landscape. The image of an autobiographical space in the works of Taras Prokhasko The aim of the article is to analyze the components of the autobiographical space, which can be found in Taras Prokhasko's essay Discours de cosaques, with particular reference to the categories of space, memory, and trauma. The author will explore how Prokhasko builds a relationship between memory and space in the context of identity formation strategies that place this text in the geophysical creation of a Place. Taking into consideration the postcolonial approach will allow the author to look at the essay as a realization of the author's strategy, part of which fits into the postcolonial discourse of Ukrainian literature and, more broadly, the literature of Central and Eastern Europe. The author will focus on Prokhasko's recognition of the provincial motif closely linked to the national perspective.Геопоэтический голос постколониального ландшафта. Образ автобиографического места в творчестве Тараса ПрохаськоЦелью статьи является анализ компонентов автобиографического места, образ которого представлен в эссе Discours de cosaques Т. Прохасько. Особенное внимание посвящено категориям пространства, памяти и травмы. Анализируемый текст зачислен в ряд геопоэтических образов Места, поэтому авторские приемы рассмотрены с точки зрения художественного оформления отношений между памятью и пространством в контексте идентификационных стратегий. Применение постколониальныого подхода позволило также выделить и подвергнуть разбору авторские стратегии, часть которых вписывается к постколониальный дискурс украинской литературы, и шире — литературы Центрально-Восточной Европы. Особенное внимание уделено авторской реализации мотива провинции, которая тесно связанна с общенациональной перспективой.

The article deals with one of the most striking moments of the Khwarezmian expansion into the South Caucasus, namely the battle of Garni in 1225. It was this military clash that largely predetermined the course of the further military and political activity of the Khorezmshah Jalal ad-Din Mankburni: till his death in 1231, his attention was focused on this region, which had rightfully become the heart of his power. For its part, it was the Khwarezmian expansion that undermined the military and political might of the Georgian Empire, so that it could no longer properly withstand the Mongolian threat in the 1230s. The author of the article considers the battle and focuses on the causes and preconditions of this military conflict and its consequences. The article also presents a brief analysis of the military and political situation in the South Caucasus on the threshold of Khwarezmian threat. The events are reconstructed basing on the available sources in the Arabic-Persian, Georgian and Armenian languages. The author of the article highlights the key matters, which the authors of the three sources draw attention to, and emphasizes the most important authors' assessments and conclusions cited in the historical sources. Thus, the author of the article considers the battle of Garni in 1225 both as a historical event and as a certain narrative created by medieval historians belonging to different religious, ethnic and social communities. The analysis of the mentioned narrative and the laws of its formation is an important component of this study.

The article deals with the analysis of foreign researches of Mongol and Khwarezmian conquests of the South Caucasus. The subject of study is one of the latest works on this problem – D. Bayarsaikhan's monograph «The Mongols and the Armenians (1220-1335)». The author of the article details historiography and source study of the book under consideration, as well as those sections, which present the description of Mongol and Khwarezmian invasion of the territory of the South Caucasus and the consequences of these conquests. Much attention is given to the section of D.Bayarsaikhan's monograph describing the political structure of the South Caucasus at the beginning of the 13 th century and a number of earlier events. The author of the article also analyzes D. Bayarsaikhan's position on a number of debatable problems concerning political history of the South Caucasus in the first half of the 13 th century. The author focuses on the idea of political history of the South Caucasus in the first half of the 13 th century that readers may get after their acquaintance with D. Bayarsaikhan's book «The Mongols and the Armenians (1220-1335)». The fact that the monograph of D. Bayarsaikhan has not been translated into Russian yet and is not well known to specialists in Russia gives special significance to this article. To date, there are not many special studies on this problem in Russian science, therefore it is extremely important to study foreign experience in this field