Suchergebnisse

The article gives a general analysis of the current situation in legislation regulating the education sphere, the analysis is made on the basis of works concerning legal regulations of private education institutions, which were published in the Academic Bulletin of Kharkiv University of Humanities "People's Ukrainian Academy" and some other scientific resources. The article makes an attempt to systematize causes of the deepening crisis in the education system of Ukraine, in Higher Education in general and in private education, in particular. The author also attempts to suggest ways to better the situation in legal regulation of the sphere of Higher Education. Among the ways suggested to deal with stockpiled in education organizational and legal problems – ordering and normalization of legal regulation of both the system operation and its interaction with stakeholders. The author highlights that the main method of ultimate renewal of educational legislation system is its systematization, which presupposes development of a single integrated act – Ukrainian Code of Education.

The relevance of the topic of the functioning of the labour market in the conditions of digitalization is due to the need for identifying and accounting for the risks of subjects of labour relations. The author reviews modern literature sources to determine the impact of digitalization on the labour market, identifies the positive and negative manifestations of this impact, defines the concept of risk for subjects of labour relations, and describes its main types and determinants. The correlation and regression analysis of the relationship between the economy and society digitalization index and the unemployment rate shows that the risks are low and the relationship is weak. The risk of unemployment in the context of digitalization is directly related to the level of the flexibility of the labor market and the elasticity of unemployment. In the conclusion, the author describes the novelty of the approach and gives recommendations for the state regulation of the issue.

The paper is the first attempt to obtain insights into the legal relations of the Russian Empire with the countries of Central Asia based on the concept of frontier modernization. The author identifies the main stages of legal cooperation between Russia and Central Asian states in the 18th — early 20th centuries, reveals the main means and methods, by which the Russian government tried to influence the legal development of the countries and peoples of the region in each of the investigated stages. Here, he compares them with similar processes implemented by the Russian Empire in its other eastern border regions. According to the author, the incomplete frontier modernization process in the Central Asian khanates (unlike in Transcaucasia, Kazakhstan, etc.) was associated both with their formal legal status (the actual protectorate of the Russian Empire with formal independence) and with the political situation (the revolutionary events of 1917, which toppled the empire).

The paper is devoted to the method of voting, which is typical for the British Parliament. This method is referred to as "division", because both Members of Parliament (MPs) and Lords are literally divided into two groups – supporters and opponents of the issue being voted – and cast their vote in special rooms called division lobbies.
The author presents the process of such "division" and explains some additional issues related to voting and the rules that are used to determine its final results. The paper also describes successful and failed attempts to change this system that took place at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. Using legal and institutional analysis method, the author explains why this system is so persistent, and proves the thesis that despite some minor modifications that have been made to it, one should not expect it to be replaced by some form of electronic voting.

The article is devoted to the problem of doping in the sport of high achievements ("big sport"). The author notes the leading role of UNESCO in the fight against this evil as an international intergovernmental organization, endowed with appropriate powers by the UN General Assembly. He believes that various non-governmental organizations (WADA, IOC, etc.) should play a supporting role, which will avoid potentially very dangerous situations for international law, when nongovernmental organizations assume the authority to condemn or accuse sovereign States of non-compliance with certain requirements or to attribute to them the implementation of certain policies. Emphasizing the importance for Russian sport to be at the forefront of the fight against doping in sports, the author focuses on the need to quickly overcome the doping crisis faced by Russian sport in recent years. In this context, he proposes to establish strict public monitoring of the processes taking place in the "big sport" of Russia.

The article analyses the Renaissance influence on the development of the concept of human dignity and illustrates the importance of human dignity through the eyes of the Renaissance author Giovanni Pico della Mirandola. In this regard, the article indicates the latest findings in human dignity research and infers that while discussing the Renaissance influence on its development it should be considered that this concept consists of two fundamental dimensions, initial and realized dignity. The author implies that the origins of such an interpretation of human dignity were already present in the writings of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola. In the latter, the (hidden) beginnings of the individualization process in connection with human dignity can also be recognized. These beginnings sank into oblivion in the later historical periods, although nowadays the elements of individualization are present more extensively than ever before. The article suggests that the concept of human dignity might be regarded as a Renaissance construct.

In this paper, the author presents ethnographic research and analysis of how criminal justice and mental health professionals interact with each other and with criminal defendants with mental illness in running a mental health court (MHC) program. Ethnographic field research included observations of court programs, interviews of professionals, and gathering of textual documents, at nine MHCs in a Midwestern state. In MHC criminal defendants with mental illness participate in a program of regular court appearances, probation supervision, and mandated treatment, rather than being incarcerated in jail or prison. The author utilized the symbolic interaction perspective and examined how the professionals work together to select participants and judge their performances. Professionals interact and share case documents in socially constructing the participant. They operate the program as a filter so that a relatively small number of the population of incarcerated persons with severe mental illness in the state successfully graduate from the program. Implications of these findings are discussed.

This article aims to distinguish and depict the features of communications and collaborations in contemporary universities through the concept of trading zones. The author also considers the role that the idea of a digital university might play in shaping interactions in transforming local context where different actors can find a common ground of exchange. The new contexts, including the pragmatic orientation of contemporary society and new technologies and environments, contribute to reconsidering the idea of the classical university, in which interactions between professors and students have outstepped customary collaborations in laboratories, as well as the idea of education and research integration. This article focuses on distinguishing new forms of interactions, boundary practices, and environments, which are suggested by today's universities. Proceeding from them, the author argues that new concepts of the university, such as the digital university, and renovated campuses—to some extent—contribute to the adaptation of a renewed idea of Humboldt's Bildung.

The article analyses discursive and practical activities by governmental and non-governmental actors in Russia and Ukraine aimed at the conceptualization and promotion of human equality on ethnic grounds as non-discrimination. The author aims at analyzing the reasons why anti-discrimination instruments are in low demand vis-à-vis concerns about ethnic xenophobia and conflicts. The author argues that the given societies have limited incentives and institutional capabilities for the creation and effective application of anti-discrimination mechanisms. The ruling elites have no reason to regard ethnic inequalities as a challenge; civil society activists and ordinary claimants might not treat non-discrimination as an efficient remedy; and there is no commonly accepted image of injustice in inter-group relations. Moreover, the marginality of anti-discrimination agenda in the post-Soviet space begs questions about the said mechanisms' universal applicability, since the latter require pre-conditions that are not guaranteed.

In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Italy experienced a series of crises when its precarious postwar political compromise was challenged by the effects of decades of structural corruption. The author was offered unsolicited narratives of the prewar and especially wartime Fascist period. Surprisingly, many of these stories cast Fascists and their Nazi political allies in a positive light. Here, the author argues that these favourable views of a bleak period are linked to the disenchantment and diffidence many felt (and continue to feel) toward the state and its institutions, and that these stories are not nostalgic expressions of fascist sympathies. Instead, they stress how people managed the micro-details of everyday life to gain small, individual victories against wartime degradations that would otherwise transform them into powerless victims. Even today, these expressions of individual agency reinforce shared notions that there is alternative to the institutional culture of an inefficient and oppressive state.

Law and economics is a controversial method of legal research, increasingly popular among some legal scholars but disliked by many others. The author discusses some of the objections raised by lawyers (as well as some economists) and argues that most of these are caused by the employment of the wrong economics on the respective side of the conjoined field. She contrasts neoclassical economics, made extremely popular by the Chicago school and Professor Richard Posner in particular, with New Institutional Economics and argues that the latter can overcome the difficulties presented by the former. While neoclassical economics seems to introduce additional problems to legal scholarship, New Institutional Economics neatly matches law's own methodological tenets. However, the analysis will remain incomplete unless a third element is added to the mix: comparative law. Thus, the author calls for the development of Comparative Institutional Law and Economics, which provides an improved explanatory methodology.

The article is devoted to the biography of General Pavlo Shandruk, an Ukrainian officer who served as a Polish contract officer in the interwar period and at the beginning of the World War II, and in 1945 became the organizer and commander of the Ukrainian National Army fighting alongside the Third Reich in the last months of the war. The author focuses on the symbolic event of 1961, which was the decoration of General Shandruk with the highest Polish (émigré) military decoration – the Virtuti Militari order, for his heroic military service in 1939. By describing the controversy and emotions among Poles and Ukrainians, which accompanied the award of the former Hitler's soldier, the author tries to answer the question of how the General Shandruk's activities should be assessed in the perspective of the uneasy Twentieth-Century Polish-Ukrainian relations.
Keywords: Pavlo Shandruk, Władysław Anders, Virtuti Militari, Ukrainian National Army, Ukrainian National Committee, contract officer.

The article emphasizes that the urgent need today is to create the necessary conditions for meeting the needs of each child, regardless of its capabilities and other factors in realizing its potential, bringing benefits to society, and feeling that it is a full citizen. The author analyzes the main problems concerning the implementation of inclusive education at the present stage, examines the state of the problem's coverage in scientific works and normative-legal documents. The author focuses on a special place in the process of creating a comfortable environment for teaching children with special needs of psycho-diagnostic tools and correctional programs that need to be adapted. The article emphasizes that compliance with a number of requirements can increase the efficiency of the process of inclusive education in a comprehensive educational institution; outlines the main conditions for improving the quality of provision of educational services for children with special needs

The article investigates the political views of one of the most prominent representatives of the so-called second generation of Modern Confucianism, Xu Fuguan. It reveals his unique position within this intellectual movement. Even though all other adherents of Modern Confucianism were focused upon metaphysics and ontology rather than political theory, Xu believed that these lines of thought could not contribute enough to solving the various urgent social and political problems of modern China. In this regard, the present article focuses upon a critical analysis of Xu's critique of the Chinese Communist Party. The author presents and evaluates his critique mainly with regard to his search for a resolution of the problematic and chaotic political and social situation of China during the first half of the 20th century. In conclusion, the author provides a critical evaluation of Xu's social democratic thought and particularly of his attitude towards the Chinese Communist Party.

As frontline workers on the healthcare team, nurses are positioned to witness and identify challenges faced by patients and families, challenges that might otherwise go unnoticed or be under represented. Ideas for innovative solutions to such challenges are sometimes conceived as: "If only someone could make….," or "If I were in charge, I would…," or "We could make this better by …." This article describes one such situation in which the heart-wrenching issue of suboptimal pediatric pain management was tackled with the creation of a timing device for use at home by parents caring for children with postoperative pain. The author begins this article by describing the background and idea for the innovation. Next the implementation of the innovation is presented and the process and choices for the innovator are described. The author concludes that nurses are well positioned to develop solutions to patient and family care problems and have a responsibility to do so.