Suchergebnisse

UK: Автор розглядає стратегічний розвиток підприємств з боку використання конкурентних переваг збуту сільськогосподарської продукції. У роботі використано метод вирівнювання трендів, показники структури та загальні методи економічного аналізу. Виявлено, що за період активізації євроінтеграційного напряму України результати збуту основних видів сільськогосподарської продукції погіршилися. Обґрунтовано основні шляхи стратегічного розвитку вітчизняних підприємств з метою посилення конкурентних позицій на внутрішньому ринку сільськогосподарської продукції. EN: Deeping of strong relations between Ukraine and the European Union resulted in meaningful changes in agriculture development and a strategic way of farms. The author notices that integration has caused the raising of the agricultural product export, but the import of value-added products overflows the internal market. The aim of the article is to base the main principles of the strategic development of agricultural market according to conditions of European integration. The author uses regular statistic methods to examine export-import volumes and implements strategic analysis to observe market threats and opportunities.

This article examines late nineteenth century and early twentieth century Muslim Ottoman women's journals. Drawing attention to the historical and social phenomenon of Ottoman Muslim women's print culture, the author argues that women's writings and activism around these journals functioned as a significant feminist public sphere that built a community of women's discourse. Women's journals established a real community of intellectual women writers and readers who overtly promoted a feminist agenda in the public sphere. Thus, they envisioned and created alternative roles for upper middle class and middle class Ottoman women. Contrary to the conventional narrative of Turkish feminism that identifies its origin with the Republican period, it was Ottoman women's periodicals and associations that laid the groundwork for future feminists in the Republican period. In providing an analysis of these magazines, the author explores a class of now nearly forgotten publications that, she argues, created a feminist discourse in their time.

There exists an erroneous academic and political dilemma, propelled by the right, when characterizing the current course of Latin America as one that sits between democracy and dictatorship, as the only political horizons possible for the continent. On the contrary, the author affirms that this dispute is actually between elite democracies and social democracies. From this point, the author describes the political processes of the last decades in the region and proposes possible democratic horizons. ; Existe un equivocado dilema académico y político, impulsado desde la derecha, al momento de caracterizar la actualidad y el rumbo de América Latina entre la democracia o dictadura, como únicos horizontes posibles. En contraposición, el autor sostiene que la disputa se encuentra entre las democracias de élite y las democracias sociales. A partir de ello, describe los procesos políticos de las últimas décadas en la región y se plantea posibles horizontes democráticos.

The article constitutes a preliminary attempt at reading from literature the condition of the survivors – people interned in German displaced persons' camps immediately after WWII. In that context, the author considers the saturated with satire, grotesque, and sarcasm novel by Tadeusz Nowakowski entitled Obóz Wszystkich Świętych. Nowakowski's vision is supplemented with Tadeusz Borowski's story entitled Bitwa pod Grunwaldem, as well as his poems, e.g. Dary demokratyczne, and Jerzy Podgórski's reports in the series W południowych Niemczech, in which DP camps were compared to an etching by Henry Moore presenting human-like figures sleeping in a tunnel. A separate consideration was applied to the fortunes of Ida Fink, interned in the Ettlingen camp. The writer reminisced on the time in her novel entitled The Journey, and in interviews. The analyses of the texts led the author to the conclusion that the discussed narratives indicate the inability to experience solace during (apparent) acquittal, and the inability to return to pre-WWII times.

Karl Binding gilt als einer der bedeutendsten deutschen Strafrechtler. Bekannt ist er vor allem für seine Normentheorie, in der er zwischen Sanktions- und Verhaltensnormen unterscheidet. Davon ausgehend lieferte er bedeutende Beiträge zur Strafrechtsdogmatik. Ungetrübt ist sein Ruhm jedoch nicht: In der »Freigabe der Vernichtung lebensunwerten Lebens« sprach er sich 1920 gemeinsam mit dem Psychiater Hoche für die Tötung kranker oder behinderter Menschen unter gewissen Bedingungen aus, was ihn in einen ideengeschichtlichen Kontext zu den Mordaktionen des NS-Staats wenige Jahre später setzt. Teilweise werden in der Literatur Zusammenhänge zwischen dieser Schrift und den juristischen Grundanschauungen Bindings gesehen. -- Die Arbeit analysiert die methodischen Grundlagen Bindings und seine Normentheorie. Anschließend beschäftigt sie sich mit dem Inhalt Binding/Hoches, ordnet die Schrift ideengeschichtlich ein und untersucht etwaige Zusammenhänge mit dem Rechtsverständnis Bindings. / »Karl Binding's Legal Thinking and ›Allowing the Destruction of Life Unworthy of Life‹« -- The author provides an analysis of Karl Binding's (1841–1920) legal methodology and his »Norm Theory«. Ideas distributed in Binding's last book, a collaboration with the psychiatrist Alfred Hoche named »Allowing the Destruction of Life Unworthy of Life« (»Die Freigabe der Vernichtung lebensunwerten Lebens«), have been associated with Binding's fundamental legal views. The author examines these claims, analyses Binding/Hoche and puts the work in its historical context.

Nils Witte explores Turkish migrants' destigmatization strategies and investigates their legal and symbolic motives for naturalisation. Using mixed methods and unique data the author shows that Turkish migrants' inclination to naturalise would be stronger if they were allowed to retain their former citizenship and if they were recognized as symbolic members of German society. Minority members enjoy expansive rights as permanent residents and many are entitled to hold German citizenship. However, they often experience symbolic exclusion making symbolic membership a rare motive for naturalisation. Contents • Naturalisation in a Post-National World • Theorizing Legal and Symbolic Membership • Survey Results: Symbolic and Legal Membership • Qualitative Interviews: Stigmatization and Destigmatization Target Groups • Researchers and students of sociology, ethnography, and political theory who deal with migration and integration • Practitioners in the field of integration policies, commissioners for integration The Author Nils Witte is research assistant at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

The author of the article presents the influence of physical activities on socially maladjusted youth, on the basis of desk research analysis, as well as using personal observations conducted during serving as a probation officer for a period of two years. The observations were conducted on a group of 11 male and female minors advised physical activities, as one of the means of influence in the process of resocialization. The article focuses on two social environments, where the resocialization process may take place - the open environment and the institutional environment. The author presents the process of resocialization, its goals, methods used in it, and the reasons why this process is so significant. The aim of the article is to show the changes occurring in the behaviour of young and socially maladjusted people as a result of participating in sports activities. The author's final conclusions indicate the positive effects of physical activity as a means of influence.

Do drug dealers entice nonusers with free samples? Police, the popular press, and social media users say so, but crime researchers have found little support for this theory and argue instead that sample distribution is an unsound strategy for illegal market business. But what about in digital drug markets, where operational logics are based on sophisticated anonymization technology and reputation systems? The author collected data from a large e-commerce website for drugs over 305 days in 2014 and 2015 and documents that (a) drug dealers give away samples of all major substance categories and (b) sample distribution increases vendor sales for prescription drugs and opioid-based painkillers. To explore possible explanations of these findings, the author collected data from the market's online forum and analyzed 175 discussions (2,218 posts) about samples. Among the findings is that samples are preferably given to reputable review writers, or "drug critics."

This paper discusses the rights of women prisoners as a special category of persons deprived of the fundamental human right - the right to liberty. The author focuses on women's rights in detention and in the course of serving a prison sentence. The specificities related to the status and treatment of women in conditions of social isolation are primarily attributable to their biological disposition. Quite often, they are pregnant or about to give birth, or already have children, in which case the protection of maternity is of crucial importance, particularly considering the fact that they are away from their home and family. One of the main problems in dealing with women's rights in general and in the Serbian penitentiary system in particular is the lack of sensitivity to the specific needs and psychology of women. In that context, the author refers to the conclusions of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment.

Abstract
Ms. I.33 is not only the oldest of the known fencing treatises in European context, it is also the only one showing a woman fighting equally with contemporary men. The author presents her research about the garments this female fencer wears, including her shirt, dress and overdress, hairstyle and footwear. Special consideration is given to the questions whether Walpurgis wears a belt, the length and hem circumference of her garments as well as the methods of draping them in the way depicted. The results of the analysis are compared with contemporary pictorial and archaeological sources of the early 14th century. Some personal insights gathered by the author while fighting in this kind of clothes shed light on the possibilities of moving without being disturbed by them. The clothes and hairstyle worn by Walpurgis, give clues about her social status and thus help to understand the context and dating of the whole manuscript.

Robert Michels (1876–1936) considered himself to be a disillusioned socialist, who, under the influence of elitism, rejected democracy and moved into the fascist camp. As a figure in sociology he is associated solely with the "iron law of oligarchy." In Poland, it is a little-known fact that in Western social thought he is viewed as a socially engaged sociologist—a "genuine" researcher gifted with sociological imagination and a passion for scholarship. The aim of the author is to present Michels as a scholar in many areas: feminist issues, local patriotism in the context of national citizenship, phenomena of a general sociological nature, the history of Italy, and social movements. Furthermore, the author illustrates the German writer Timm Genett's thesis that Michels should also be valued as a pioneer in the study of social movements, which he consistently examined in his analyses of organizations, systematically investigating the degeneration of social movements and the shifting of organizational aims.

The size, scope, and implications of the carceral state, particularly for urban communities of colour, are currently grossly underestimated. This article suggests the need to move beyond the traditional debate about mass incarceration in the US to show how the ubiquitous imposition of fines and fees for low-level offences has wide-reaching poverty-enhancing and racially disparate effects. The author argues that local government institutions such as the police and courts, which comprise the carceral state at neighbourhood level, engage in daily practices that reflect the colourblind racism of neoliberalism, including revenue-generation, which necessarily produce and reinforce race and class inequalities. The American state has always managed and controlled black labour; the author compares the imposition of fines and fees in the wake of black Emancipation and Jim Crowism to the current practice of fines and fees functioning within the paradigm of neoliberal colourblind racism.

Using data from the Education Longitudinal Study, the author investigates racial disparities in high school graduation, four-year college enrollment, and bachelor's degree completion. In addition, the author considers how conditionally relevant college and early adult variables shape bachelor's degree completion. The results indicate that although comparable numbers of black and Hispanic students obtain bachelor's degrees, their educational career trajectories differ substantially. Compared with white students, black students are more likely to end their educational careers after starting college without completing a bachelor's degree, whereas Hispanic students are more likely to end their educational careers without entering a four-year college. Moreover, early adult and college-specific variables have a substantial impact on bachelor's degree completion and explain black-white disparities in bachelor's degree attainment. This research shows the continuing significance of race in shaping the educational outcomes of young adults at all stages of their educational careers.

AbstractThere is disagreement among scholars regarding the mendacity of esoteric writing. Some see it as a necessarily dishonest mode of communication; others argue it does not meet the conditions of lying; others are more nuanced in their assessment. In this article, we seek to resolve this disagreement by offering a systematic analysis of the literary practice in which we argue that there are both truthful and mendacious forms of esoteric writing. In sum, if an author conceals truths from a general audience while still being truthful on the surface of the text or makes it clear that he is being untruthful, he is not lying; yet if an author conceals truths while intentionally being untruthful on the surface, he is lying. Given the parallel ethical structure between esoteric writing and political discourse, we argue that the analysis provided in this article may illuminate the ethical choices made in both written and political statements.

Postmodernism is marked by information, an increasing competition and radical changes in the education sector. Moral and spiritual progress fails to keep pace with scientific and technological progress. That is evident in educational practices, thus, new challenges arise because of a lack of attention to personality. Modernity, characterised by objectivity and rationality, has been challenged by post modernity which seeks to reconstruct existing forms of thinking and promotes a new worldview.The author discusses modern educational practices in the context of postmodernism.She analyses some aspects of postmodernism, its marks in contemporary education. Drawing on the proponents and opponents of postmodernism, the author states that postmodernism influences changes in the content, methods of teaching as well as in teachers' approaches to teaching. Nowadays much attention in education is given to self-expression, interpretation, a pluralistic worldview, consumerist values. The conclusion has been drawn that changes in education should be seen as a natural process that affects personality development, cognitive development, self-realization.